Structural WRC elements are:
- title page;
- content;
- introduction;
- the main part, consisting of 3 chapters;
- conclusion;
- list of sources used;
- applications.
In administered
- justifies the relevance of the chosen topic;
- the problem that the graduate student must solve in this work is formulated;
- goals and objectives are determined, the solution of which is necessary to achieve this goal;
- the object and subject of the study are determined: the object - where the study is carried out (country, city), on the basis of which organization; subject - what is being studied (for example, socio-economic, labor relations about ... etc.);
- are given compositional features And summary theoretical and practical parts of the work.
In the first chapter WRCs are considered theoretical questions on the topic of the work, an overview of literary sources (books, magazines, monographs, newspaper articles, conference materials, etc.) is given, legislative and regulatory acts are highlighted. The review of the literature should show the graduate's knowledge of specialized literature, his ability to systematize sources, critically consider them, highlight the essential, evaluate what was previously done by other researchers, present state of the art study of the topic.
In the first chapter, you should create a basis (base) for subsequent chapters, which will concretize the theoretical provisions of the work. The volume of the first chapter of the thesis is 18-20 pages.
Second chapter is analytical. It provides a brief description of the object of study in dynamics, reveals the features of the functioning of the object. These usually include: general characteristics object of study (organization, structure, legislation, regulations, practice, etc., depending on the goals of the WRC), targets and strategies of activity, results of product and market analysis, organizational management structure, system of external and internal organizational, economic and information links, the strategic position of the organization, analysis of the financial condition of the company. Held overall score achievements and the problems that exist in the object of study are identified. In the conclusion of the second chapter, the graduate student defines the specific problem that he develops (solves), ways and methods of solving it.
The volume of the second chapter is approximately 18-20 pages.
Third chapter devoted to the practical solution of the problem. This part of the WRC should be of a design nature. New approaches and activities, new products and technologies, new legislative and regulatory acts, etc. are being developed here. A system of administrative, economic, socio-psychological measures and procedures necessary for the implementation of the proposed solutions into practice is being developed. The measures and ways of their implementation must comply with the logic of the theoretical and practice-oriented analysis carried out by the author in the first chapters, and fully solve the tasks set.
The third chapter presents and analyzes the results obtained, and provides a predictive economic assessment of the proposed solution to the problem. The volume of the third chapter of the work is 18-20 pages.
In custody the theoretical and practical results and judgments that the student came to as a result of the study are consistently stated. They should be short, clear, giving full view about the content, significance, validity and effectiveness of the work. The results (conclusions) of the study should correspond to the goals and objectives.
The volume of the conclusion is 2-3 pages.
List of sources used constitutes one of the important parts of the work. Each included literary source must be reflected in the graduation text. qualifying work. If the author makes a reference to any borrowed facts or cites the works of other authors, then he must indicate where the cited materials come from. It is impossible to include in the bibliographic list those works that are not referenced in the text of the work and that have not actually been used.
Applications designed to facilitate the perception of the content of the work and may include: Additional materials, auxiliary illustrations, questionnaires, methods, documents, materials containing primary information for analysis, tables of statistical data, etc.
General requirements to the Bachelor's WRC:
The volume is not less than 50 pages and not more than 90 pages;
List of sources used ( total literary sources should be 40-45 titles) among which there should be at least 50-60% of articles in academic journals.
The official publication of each source is not older than 5 years.
Mandatory requirement to the Bachelor's WRC is a demonstration of the student's mastery of scientific knowledge on the chosen topic. Accordingly, it should contain an overview scientific literature should highlight the main issues being analyzed, as well as demonstrate knowledge of the main points of view and concepts on this topic.
In the bachelor's thesis, the applicant must demonstrate mastery of standard research methods, calculation and application skills computer programs ability to generalize and analyze factual material using theoretical knowledge and practical skills.
The WRC should include an analysis of a significant amount of scientific literature, demonstrate not only awareness, but also a certain independence of the author in the analysis of a theoretical problem, the ability to put forward some independent, scientifically based judgments, ideas on a chosen topic, draw conclusions based on an analysis of factual data.
The student's WQR must:
Differ in depth of presentation, scientific approach and systematic analysis of points of view existing in domestic and foreign science;
Include information derived from practice in the organization;
Show the student's ability to substantiate the relevance of the topic, creatively approach the chosen topic, use the methods of scientific research;
Comply with all the requirements for the design of diploma papers.
Introduction - This is the introductory part of the WRC. The author must show in this small section: the relevance of the topic, the object, the subject, the goal, the tasks, the protected provisions, the materials, the research methods, the novelty of the results, the theoretical and practical significance of the work.
1. The relevance of the research topic - the degree of its importance in this moment and in this situation to solve specific problems. When revealing the relevance of the research topic, it is necessary to show the main thing, based on two directions of its characteristics:
lack of knowledge of the chosen topic (certain aspects of the topic have not been fully studied and the study is aimed at eliminating these gaps);
decision of a certain practical task based on the data obtained during the study.
Justification of relevance requires answering the following questions:
Why new scientific knowledge, which is supposed to be obtained as a result of the study, is necessary for practice?
What determined the choice of topic?
Why is this topic interesting for you?
What is the main idea of the research?
What has been done by researchers before you, and what will you have to do?
The question (phenomenon) of research stands on the border of the known and the unknown. To pose a research question means to find this boundary. The problem arises when the old knowledge has shown its inconsistency, and the new has not yet taken a detailed form. Hence, scientific problem This is a controversial situation that needs to be resolved. Justify relevance - analyze, explain why this problem needs to be studied now.
2. The object of study (what is being considered) is a process or phenomenon that gives problem situation for studying.
3. The subject of the study (how the object is considered, what new relationships, properties, aspects, functions this study reveals).
Options for determining the subject and object of research:
The object and subject of research are related to each other as a whole and a part, general and particular;
A subject is something that is within the boundaries of an object;
The subject of the study determines the topic of the study.
Self-esteem of a younger student can be the object of research. In this case, the factors of formation of his self-esteem can become the subject of research.
The object of the study is the demographic policy, then the subject of the study is the mechanisms for implementing the demographic policy pursued by the executive power of the Leningrad Region.
4. The objectives of the study are what we want to get as a result of the study. What result does the researcher intend to get, how does he see it? The purpose of the study can be associated either with the identification of any patterns, relationships of the object, or with the development guidelines to solve the research problem. The formulation of the goal is to briefly and meaningfully reveal the desired result, the desired solution to the problem.
For example: “The purpose of the final qualification work is ...” or “The purpose of this work is to study (describe, define, establish, research, develop, disclose, illuminate, identify, analyze, generalize, etc.)
5. Research objectives (What needs to be done to achieve the goal?) - these are the research actions that must be performed to achieve the goal set in the work. In their essence, the tasks represent a detailed goal of research with a focus on the hypothesis. The number of tasks may be dictated by chapters or main paragraphs of the work. Five or six tasks are usually formulated. Task formulation has importance because they determine the content of the work.
Example of task formulation: “To achieve the goal set in the final qualification work, the following tasks were defined:
reveal...
conduct…
develop...
7. Materials and methods of research - brief information by the number of materials and enumeration of the methods by which the study was performed.
For example, theoretical methods(inductive, deductive), organizational methods (comparative, longitudinal, complex). Methods - these are also ways of solving the empirical problems posed in the study. Actually empirical methods are ways of collecting facts. These include: observation, introspection, conversation, survey (interview, questioning), testing, experiment, etc.
8. Scientific novelty. For research work scientific novelty can be subjective (determined in relation to the researcher), that is, the modeling of the solutions of regularities known to science is extended to a new sample.
9. Theoretical and practical significance. Theoretical significance - the value of work in the field of fundamental knowledge. The practical significance lies in the possibility:
Decisions based on the results of a particular practical problem;
Conducting further scientific research;
The use of the obtained data in the process of training certain specialists.
The volume of the introduction should not exceed 2-3 pages of machine text.
The main part of the WRC contains, as a rule, two (three) chapters, each of which is divided into paragraphs and subparagraphs.
FIRST CHAPTER – theoretical (literature review). Its content depends entirely on the chosen topic, and will include those issues and problems that are most relevant to it.
A chapter may contain several subchapters. The chapter briefly examines the history of the issue and the degree of its study, analyzes the current state of the problem under study. The content of the chapter should correspond to the topic of the study. The number of cited literary sources (domestic and foreign) should be sufficient to fully cover the issue. When describing literature data, figures and tables with reference to the source can be used.
When searching for sources of scientific literature on the topic, it is necessary to use all types of publications. The search is carried out through catalogs, card indexes and bibliographic indexes of libraries, as well as Internet search engines.
SECOND CHAPTER - practical. Here, from an analytical point of view, a characterization of the object of study is given, on the materials of which the work is carried out, and a deep analysis of the problem under study is carried out using various research methods.
The results of studies and observations made directly by the performer are given. Statistically processed data can be presented in the form of tables and figures (diagrams, graphs, diagrams, photographs, etc.). In this section, the results of our own research are analyzed and commented on. Based on the analysis, regularities are revealed.
A comparison of the results obtained with the data of other researchers studied from literary sources is given, as well as on the basis of their own views and literary sources, the revealed patterns are explained.
In this section, it is advisable to summarize the study, including theoretical and practical parts, as well as reflect the prospects for further research.
THIRD CHAPTER - practical. In the third chapter of the work, based on the processed practical material specific ways of solving the problem are proposed, the effectiveness of the proposed measures and the financial consequences of their practical implementation are substantiated.
The third chapter should address the following questions:
2. Development of an algorithm or methodology for solving the problem;
3. Evaluation of the quality (efficiency) of the implementation of the proposed activities.
In the first section of the 3rd chapter, recommendations and proposals are developed for improving the activities of the object of study, based on the rationale and conclusions of the first and second chapters of the WRC and on the formulation of the research problem.
Chapter 3 ends economic evaluation offers. The student must justify the proposed solutions in terms of financial and economic significance.
At the conclusion of the WRC the student must summarize the study of the topic, reasonably state his views on the main issues considered in the work, draw conclusions.
Conclusions are formulated on the basis of the tasks set and briefly reflect the most important results of the work.
The conclusion should not contain new information, facts, arguments, etc., its conclusions should follow logically from the main text of the work.
The conclusion should reflect the significance of the work, confirm its relevance in modern conditions.
List of sources used is a list of all information sources used in the performance of the work. Information about the sources included in the list must be given in the original language.
WRC must have applications. As a rule, based on auxiliary materials that were used by the author in the process of developing the topic. These materials include:
Various provisions, instructions, copies of documents; on the basis of which the WRC was carried out;
Schemes, graphs, diagrams, tables that are inappropriate to be placed in the text, as they are of an applied or illustrative nature;
Methods, diagnostics, which were used by the author of the WRC in the course of the study;
Illustrative material, including examples referenced in the text.
Applications are drawn up on the last pages of the work and are included in its scope.
Each application should start on a new sheet and have a thematic title and designation.
Applications, as a rule, are performed on A4 sheets.
1.5 General requirements for the style of presentation of the material
WRC is scientific work. Therefore, it must meet the requirements of this genre and be written in the style scientific text.
A scientific text is characterized by a formal-logical way of presentation, subordinating all the language tools. An exposition of this kind should be integral and united by a single logical connection, since it pursues single purpose- substantiate and prove a number of theoretical positions.
Everything in it is aimed at solving the set tasks and achieving the ultimate goal, which are clearly stated in the introduction. In a scientific text, everything that does not directly work for the realization of the goal is superfluous and unnecessary: the expression of emotions, artistic beauty and rhetoric.
When writing the WRC, one should use the conceptual apparatus, i.e. installed system terms, the meaning and meaning of which should not be vague for you, but clear and precise.
Scientific speech involves the use of certain phraseological units, linking words, introductory words, the purpose of which is to show the logical relationship of this part of the presentation with the previous and subsequent ones, or to emphasize the heading of the text.
For example:
Introductory words and turnovers, for example "so", "thus", show that this part the text serves as a generalization of the above;
The words and phrases “therefore”, “hence it follows that ...” indicate that there are causal relationships between what was said above and what will be said now;
The words and phrases “at the beginning”, “firstly”, “secondly”, “first of all”, “finally”, “in conclusion of what has been said” indicate the place of the stated thought or fact in the logical structure of the text;
The words and phrases “however”, “nevertheless”, “however”, “meanwhile” express the presence of a contradiction between what has just been said and what will be said now;
The phrases “let's consider in more detail ...” or “let's move on now to ...” help to clearer rubrication of the text, as they emphasize the transition to a new part of the presentation that is not highlighted by a special heading.
Syntax of scientific text is rich complex sentences. It is complex, especially complex sentences that are able to adequately convey the logical mechanisms of scientific argumentation and cause-and-effect relationships that occupy important place in scientific text. An indicator of culture scientific speech and professionalism of the researcher is a high percentage of compound and complex sentences in the text. solid stream simple sentences gives the impression of primitiveness and semantic poverty of presentation.
The traditionally established form of presentation of a scientific text assumes maximum detachment from the presentation of the author's personality with his subjective preferences, individual characteristics speech and style, emotional assessments. Such an effect of detachment, an impersonal monologue is achieved by a number of syntactic and stylistic means, For example, “several new principles identified”, third-person narration, etc.
In addition, a feature of the modern scientific text is the almost complete exclusion from the use of the personal pronoun of the first person singular - "I". Where the author needs to identify himself in the first person, the pronoun is used. plural- "We". Designs are formed “we believe”, “it seems to us”, “in our opinion”. However, the text should not be full of the word "we". For stylistic diversity, it is worth resorting to other constructions that provide the proper level of impersonality of the text.
In the process of preparing the WRC, as an example, we can recommend using the following functional-syntactic and special lexical means:
Means indicating the sequence of presentation: “in the beginning”, “first of all”, “then”, “firstly” (secondly, etc.); "later", "after";
Means indicating the opposition of individual theses of presentation: “however”, “at the same time”, “meanwhile”, “whereas”, “nevertheless”,
Means indicating the presence of causal relationships: “therefore”, “therefore”, “because”, “thanks”, “according to”, “due to”;
Means reflecting the transition of the presentation from one thought to another: “before”, “let's turn to”, “consider how”, “stop at”, “emphasize the following”;
Means summing up the presentation or part of the presentation: “so”, “thus”, “means”, “in conclusion, we note”, “on the basis of what has been said”, “therefore”.
In addition, in some cases, pronouns, adjectives and participles, such as: “given”, “this”, “these”, “such”, “named”, “mentioned”, “indicated” can act as means under consideration in a number of cases.
A few words about the general stylistic "prohibitions" that must be remembered when preparing the texts of written works. Content written work, as a rule, it is not allowed to apply:
Turnovers colloquial speech, arbitrary word formations, including professionalisms;
Various scientific terms that are close in meaning to refer to the same concept;
Unit designation abbreviations physical quantities- when they are used without numbers (except for units of physical quantities in the heads and sides of tables and in transcripts letters included in the formulas).
In the final qualifying work, the unity of the style of presentation must be observed, spelling, syntactic and stylistic literacy is ensured in accordance with the norms of the modern Russian language.
CHAPTER 2. Requirements for registration of WRC
2.1 General requirements
WRC is drawn up in accordance with GOST R 7.0.5-2008 (Bibliographic reference); GOST 7.32-2001 as amended. Changes No. 1 dated 01.12.2005, IUS No. 12, 2005 (Research report); GOST 7.1.-2003 (Bibliographic record. Bibliographic description. General requirements and drafting rules).
The text should be printed with the following margins: right - 10 mm, top and bottom - 25 mm, left - 30 mm.
Font - 14, type Times New Roman.
The line spacing is one and a half.
Paragraph - 1.25 cm.
All pages are consecutively numbered. Numbering should be continuous from the title page to last page, including all illustrations, tables, etc. both inside the text and in the application.
Pages should be numbered with Arabic numerals, following continuous numbering throughout the text. The page number is placed in the center of the bottom of the sheet without a dot.
The title page is included in the overall page numbering. Page number on title page do not put down. On the sheet "contents" page number "2" is put.
Text alignment - in width.
Word hyphens are not allowed.
The font color of the main text of the WRC is black.
1. Introduction 8-10%
2. Chapter 1 30-40%
3. Chapter 2 30-40%
4. Conclusion 6-10%.
The text of the WRC must be carefully checked by the student, who is solely responsible for typos and errors. Work with big amount Misprints are not allowed for protection.
The total amount of work should not be less than 50 pages (excluding appendices) including a list of sources used.
Each section of the work (introduction, chapters, conclusion) should be started from a new sheet (page), and subsections (“paragraphs”) should be placed one after another and separated by two free lines.
Statistical data given in the work should be presented in the form of tables, graphs, diagrams.
When using quotations and statistical data given in the text, at the end of the quotation link is made or indicated in brackets serial number source according to the bibliography and a page number separated by a dot, for example, .
The work is done on A4 sheets, numbered and bound.
2.2 Selection of section and subsection headings and their placement
Titles structural elements the main part should be placed in the middle of the line without a dot at the end and printed in capital letters with paragraph indent.
Example: Chapter 1. GENERAL PART
If the headings contain several sentences, they are separated by dots. The title of each new part and paragraph in the text of the work should be in bold.
Subsections should be numbered within each section. The subsection number consists of the section and subsection numbers separated by a dot. There is no dot at the end of the subsection number. Sections, like subsections, can consist of one or more paragraphs.
Example: Chapter 1. GENERAL PART
1.1 General requirements
Subsections within a section follow two intervals after the end of the previous subsection on the same page, as long as there is room for text on that page. It is not allowed to have text outside sections and subsections, placement on different pages subsection title and text. Therefore, after the title of the section, the name of the subsection is printed after two intervals, and then, after 1.5 intervals, the text of the subsection is printed.
Headings of subsections and paragraphs should be printed with a capital (capital) letter without a dot at the end, without underlining. If the title spans 2 or more lines, then the spacing will be 1.5.
Chapter 1 GENERAL PART
1.1 General requirements
The names of the individual components of the WRC are not numbered: content, introduction, conclusion and list of sources used.
2.3 Design and numbering of illustrations, tables and formulas
All tables, formulas and diagrams included in the work must be clearly and accurately designed, provided with headings, numbered in Arabic numerals.
The illustrative material contained in the WRC can be represented by drawings, graphs, diagrams, drawings, photographs, etc. Illustrations of any kind are called drawings.
All figures must be referenced in the text. Figures should be placed immediately after the text in which they are mentioned for the first time, or on next page. Illustrations, with the exception of illustrations in the appendix, should be numbered in Arabic numerals through numbering. The figure caption is located below it in the middle of the line. The word "Drawing" is written in full and its name is placed in the middle of the line under the illustration. The dot at the end of the name is not put.
Illustrations, if necessary, may have a name and explanatory data (figure text). The word "Figure" and the name are placed after the explanatory data and placed in the following way: Figure 1 - Instrument details
Figure 1 - Distribution foreign investment by groups of regions, in %
The test should not contain illustrations in the form of diagrams, figures, tables, without links to them.
For clarity of presentation of the material, it is recommended to place numerical values in tables. The title of the table should reflect its content, be precise and concise.
The name of the table should be placed above the table on the left, without paragraph indentation, on one line with its number separated by a dash.
All tables are numbered. Tables, with the exception of annex tables, should be numbered with Arabic numerals through numbering.
It is allowed to number the tables within the section. In this case, the table number consists of the section number and the ordinal number of the table, separated by a dot, for example, Table 1.1. The table should be placed immediately after the text in which it is mentioned for the first time, or on the next page.
The table is separated from the text above and below by an empty line. The table must be aligned to the center of the page.
Table 1 - Resident population (thousand people)
Table 1 continued
It is allowed to use a smaller font size in the table than in the text. The font of the text in the table is 12, of the Times New Roman type. Interval - 1.0
Headings of columns and rows of the table should be written with capital letter in the singular, and the subheadings of the graph - with lower case, if they form one sentence with the heading, or if they have an independent meaning. Do not put dots at the end of headings and subheadings of tables.
The headings of the columns are written parallel to the rows of the table.
Table 1 - Number of students (persons)
Entering blank columns and lines into the table is not allowed. If there is no data in any row of the table, then a dash (dash) is put in it.
The numbers in the tables are arranged so that the classes of numbers in all columns are located exactly one under the other: units under units, tens under tens, etc. In one column, it must be observed the same number decimal places for all magnitude values.
It is allowed to transfer the table to another page, observing the numbering of the columns and indicating "Table 1 continued" above.
Tables on the left, right and bottom, as a rule, are limited by lines.
Additional explanations to the table, if necessary, are made in the form of a footnote. The footnote sign is placed directly after the word, number, symbol, sentence to which an explanation is given. The footnote sign is superscripted in Arabic numerals with brackets. It is allowed to carry out footnotes with asterisks instead of numbers "<*>". More than three asterisks per page are not allowed.
The footnote is placed at the end of the page with a paragraph indent, separated from the text by a short horizontal line on the left. A footnote to the table is placed at the end of the table above the line indicating the end of the table.
Equations and formulas should be separated from the text on a separate line. There must be at least one free line above and below each formula or equation. If the equation does not fit on one line, then it must be moved after the equal sign (=) or after the plus sign (+), minus sign (-), multiplication (x), division (:), or other mathematical signs, with the sign at the beginning next line repeat. When transferring a formula on a sign symbolizing the operation of multiplication, the "X" sign is used.
Formulas should be numbered by serial numbering in Arabic numerals in parentheses in the extreme right position on the line.
The numbering of formulas within the section is allowed. In this case, the formula number consists of the section number and the ordinal number of the formula, separated by a dot, for example (3.1).
The order of presentation of mathematical equations in the report is the same as for formulas.
The meanings of the symbols and numerical coefficients included in the formula must be given directly below the formula. The value of each character is given from a new line in the order in which they are given in the formula. The first line of the decryption must begin with the word "where" without a colon after it.
Break even point calculation
Tb \u003d Sc / (P - Sv), (1)
where Tb is the critical volume of production;
Sc is the amount of fixed costs;
P is the price per unit of services provided by OOO XXX;
Sv - sum variable costs per unit of service.
Registration of transfers
In the text of the WRC, it is often necessary to provide information in the form of enumerations or lists. Data formed in this manner may appear in WRC clauses and subclauses. Lists are divided into: bulleted, numbered and alphabetic.
Bulleted Lists
For bulleted lists that include large text fragments that consist of more than one sentence, it is customary to start writing with capital letter, and put a dot at the end of the text fragment.
If the enumeration fragments are small, single-line, then they begin with a small letter, and they should end with a semicolon. For fragments of lists that do not have punctuation marks inside them, containing one word or a word and its definition, it is allowed to separate the elements of the list with commas.
Examples bulleted list:
· undergraduate work; - bachelor's work;
· graduate work. - graduate work.
Numbered Lists
For numbered lists containing large text fragments, it is customary to use Arabic numerals with a dot after them. After this point, the text must begin with a capital letter and end with a dot. If the enumeration fragments are small, then they are numbered in order, using Arabic numerals with a bracket after them. The text in this case must begin with a small letter and separate the elements of the list with a semicolon. It is unacceptable to use Roman numerals in the numbering of lists!
Example of a numbered list:
1. Municipal government.
2. Public administration.
Letter Lists
For alphabetical lists, use as identifiers capital letters Russian alphabet and a dot after them in the case of enumeration elements consisting of large text fragments. For small enumeration fragments, small Russian letters with parentheses are used. If the final qualifying work is drawn up by computer, then it is permissible to use the letters of the Latin alphabet as well.
An example of a letter list:
A. Municipal government.
B. Public administration.
In one paragraph or subparagraph of the text part of the diploma, it is recommended not to provide more than one list. However, if it is not possible to avoid multiple enumerations, then it is necessary to use different forms identifiers in different lists.
Formatting notes, links and footnotes
Notes in the work are given if explanations or reference data are needed for the content of the text, tables or graphic material.
Notes should be placed immediately after the text, graphic material or table to which these notes refer. The word "Note" should be capitalized, indented and not underlined. If there is only one note, then a dash is placed after the word "Note" and the note is printed with a capital letter. One note is not numbered. Several notes are numbered consecutively in Arabic numerals without a dot. A note to the table is placed at the end of the table with a line indicating the end of the table.
Example:
Note - ______________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
Several notes are numbered in order with Arabic numerals:
Notes
1 ____________________________________________________________
2 ____________________________________________________________
3 ____________________________________________________________
The design of references is regulated by GOST R 7.0.5-2008 "Bibliographic reference".
Footnotes are subscript (that is, at the bottom of the work page, on the page where the quote or phrase is placed), and inline.
Inline ones are usually arranged in square brackets, where the source number is indicated in order (in the list of sources used) and the page number from which you took the quote or phrase, for example: .
In the case of footnotes, bibliographic information about the cited source is placed on the same page as the citation. At the end of the quotation put a figure that indicates the serial number of the footnote on this page (or the serial number of the footnote in the work in the case of consecutive numbering).
Bottom of the page, after shortened horizontal line, this number is repeated, followed by bibliographic information about the source.
For the design of the footnote, a smaller font size is used than in the text of the work.
Footnote example:
The text of the quote in the text of the work. 1
__________________________________________
1 Ivanov I.I. Theoretical foundations.-M.:, 2000.-S.25.
Faculty of Social Communications
Department of Journalism and Public Relations
METHODOLOGICAL INSTRUCTIONS
ON PREPARATION AND PROTECTION
Moscow - 2008
INTRODUCTION
real Guidelines are intended for students of all forms of education of the International Independent Ecological and Political Science University (hereinafter referred to as MNEPU), members of the Final Attestation Commissions and the teaching staff of MNEPU as a guide for the preparation and defense of Graduation Qualification Works (hereinafter referred to as WQR). Guidelines determine the procedure for the development of publications, planning the structure, volume, content and WRC registration, the timing of its preparation, presentation for defense and organization of defense, as well as appropriate control and assistance to students at all stages of their work on the topic.
WRC completes the process of theoretical, methodological and practical training of students. In this work, the student must independently, under the supervision of the head of the WRC, develop the chosen topic, show elements of creativity in the course of the study, analytically argue the put forward provisions and practical advice. The implementation of the WRC is based on an in-depth analysis of factual material based on an objective study of the history and state of the object of study in the process of its development, as well as statistical or other information and special literature.
When writing the WRC, the knowledge gained by graduates in the process of study, as well as the materials collected by them during the period industrial practice. Important role plays the information that students receive and generalize by participating in the work of departments, enterprises, student scientific conferences.
The objects of study are general and particular issues of the specialty (or specialization) chosen by the student, the activities of modern market and budgetary structures, enterprises and organizations or specific objects. The graduate needs to get acquainted with the domestic and foreign state and work experience on the problem studied in the WRC.
I.GOALS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE FINAL QUALIFICATION WORK
WRC goals are the systematization and consolidation of theoretical knowledge and practical skills of students when performing complex tasks with elements of research, as well as determining the readiness of MNEPU graduates to perform professional duties.
The main tasks of WRC are:
Theoretical substantiation and disclosure of the essence of professional (informational, psychological, social) categories, phenomena and problems on the subject of WRC;
Analysis of the collected and processed factual material;
Finding ways (methods, methods) to improve the organization and efficiency of a specialist in specific problem or the object of professional activity (journalism, public relations);
Development of reasonable conclusions on the state of the object of study in the WRC, practical proposals and recommendations for improving the efficiency of the object.
II. CRITERIA FOR EVALUATION OF THE FINAL QUALIFICATION WORK
WRC is an independent creative research of a student on a topic chosen by him. It is necessary to highlight the points of view available in modern professional literature on the object of study and be sure to state your attitude towards them. WRC should reflect knowledge of the Legislation Russian Federation, other normative materials, research on the topic of work, publications of leading experts, demonstrate the ability to critically evaluate the concepts of various authors, use various methods of analysis and generalization of factual material. WRC is certified as "excellent" when it contains:
The presentation of the views of modern scientists and specialists on the problem or object under consideration, for its development wide circle special literature;
Substantiation of the theoretical and practical significance of the development of the problem for modern stage development of the studied branch of knowledge;
Understanding historical development views on the issue under study (problem, object) and its relationship with specific industry conditions;
Methodology for researching issues, problems or objects;
Collected, processed, systematized and analyzed using modern computer methods and technology primary materials;
Independent judgments (or calculations), which are of fundamental importance for the development of the topic;
Reasoned theoretical generalizations and presentation own opinion on the issue under study (problem or object);
A high level of design of the entire work and its presentation during protection.
Works that are creative in nature and are characterized by the depth of development of the topic;
Works of great practical importance.
WRC score goes down for 1 - 2 points, If:
The requirements for works rated as "excellent" are not partially met;
Separate sections of the WRC are presented superficially, without proper theoretical justification.
The work deserves appreciation "unsatisfactory" When:
Contains gross theoretical errors, superficial argumentation on the main provisions of the topic;
Instead of theoretical coverage of issues, confirmed by the analysis of the processed primary material, superficial descriptions of facts or examples are given;
It has a compiling character.
WRC rated "unsatisfactory", is completely revised and submitted for protection again in accordance with the regulations on the final certification of graduates of the International Independent Environmental and Political University.
III. ORGANIZATION AND PLANNING OF THE PREPARATION OF THE FINAL QUALIFICATION WORKS
3.1. Tasks of graduating departments and deans of MNEPU
The organization of WRC preparation begins with the development of their topics. For this purpose, the graduating departments submit by October 1 of each year a list of topics approved at the meetings of the department for further informing students (no later than 6 months before the start of the WQR).
The main requirements for the subject of WRC are: relevance; direct connection with possible practical application knowledge of graduates in accordance with the specialization in the direction of training (specialty); sufficient availability of topics with the necessary literature and the possibility of using factual material.
The choice of topics of the WQR and their assignment to full-time and part-time students is organized according to the schedule educational process MNEPU. Students choose the topics of the WRC independently, guided only by their own scientific interests, practical experience, knowledge of special professional literature on the chosen problem. Assistance to students in the choice of topics must be provided by the graduating departments.
Having chosen the topic of the WRC, the student submits an application to the head of the graduating department according to the form established by MNEP.
The head of the Department of Journalism and Public Relations determines the head of the WRC. The leaders of the WRC are appointed from the teaching staff of MNEPU and involved specialists. Assignment of WRC topics and leaders to graduates is carried out by order of the Rector of MNEPU.
If the WQR includes structural parts that require specialized processing, at the suggestion of the Department of Journalism and Public Relations, by order of the rector of MNEPU, a consultant on special issues or a separate structural component of the WQR may be appointed. The WRC consultant should not be an employee of the ZhSO department.
3.2. Tasks for the implementation of the WRC
Within two weeks after the signing by the Rector of the order on assigning topics to the students and appointing the leaders of the WQR, the latter, together with the students, develop, clarify and agree on tasks for the implementation of the WQR with their execution according to the model established by MNEPU.
The task for the implementation of the WRC is the basis for the development of the schedule and plan for the preparation of the WRC by the head of the WRC and the student. The schedule for the preparation of the WRC should be drawn up within one week immediately after receiving the assignment for the WRC in two copies and approved by the head of the Department of Journalism and Public Relations. One copy is with the student, the second - with the head of the WRC.
3.3.Schedule of implementation of WRC
The WRC implementation schedule provides for the following stages:
Development of a work plan and an approximate list of scientific, statistical, factual and other primary materials necessary for the analysis;
Compilation of a preliminary bibliography on the topic of the WRC;
Collection of information and its processing;
Writing the first (theoretical) part of the work;
Writing the second (analytical) part of the work;
Writing an introduction and conclusion;
Submission of the first edition of the work to the head of the WRC;
Preparation of the final version of the work, its execution and submission for review to the head of the WRC;
Reviewing the work (for a specialist);
Preparation of the WRC presentation.
Not later than two weeks before the start of the work of the Final Attestation Commission, the Department of Journalism and Public Relations, together with the leaders of the WRC, conduct an intermediate attestation (pre-defense) of students' works. Students who have not completed the tasks set by the schedule on time are not allowed to defend the WRC. The decision on the possible admission of such students to further preparation of the WQR is taken by the dean of the faculty on an individual basis for each specific case.
In the process of compiling the Content, it is predetermined theoretical level and practical significance of the WRC as a whole. It should be borne in mind that the presentation of individual sections (paragraphs) should be subject to the disclosure of the topic as a whole. The structure of the Content should be logical, the issues to be developed are specific and interrelated.
Introduction;
Three (or two) chapters, where the theoretical and methodological aspects of the problem under study are considered, the degree of development is noted individual issues; a professional description of the object under study is given; its current state is analyzed; recommendations are formulated with justification of the effectiveness of individual proposals;
Conclusion containing the results of the work.
IV. COLLECTION AND PROCESSING OF FACTOLOGICAL MATERIAL
The collection of factual material is carried out by the student, as a rule, in the process of industrial practice (or independently) and is a crucial stage in the preparation of the WRC. Its quality, the objectivity of the conclusions will largely depend on how correctly and fully the factual material is selected and analyzed. The facts and figures given in the WRC must be reliable.
Analysis of factual material should be carried out in certain sequence. First of all, one must define purpose and objectives of the analysis, i.e., the final result, which should reflect the essence of the problem under consideration. Then the set of indicators (or criteria) necessary for analysis is determined, the approximate sequence of their calculation (definition), materials and methods for conducting the analysis are studied.
After choosing the characteristic indicators (criteria) and methodology, the student proceeds directly to the analysis of the collected material. Not only the system of generalizing indicators is analyzed, but also particular indicators and factors determining them in the dynamics of the problem (question, object) under study over the past few years. Then the identified trends are formulated, and their qualitative and quantitative characteristics are given.
Systematization, analysis and processing of factual materials involve the use of tables, diagrams, graphs, drawings, diagrams in the WRC, which not only contribute to the clarity of the material presented on the pages of the work, but also more convincingly reveal the essence of the study.
The collection and processing of factual material is the most time-consuming stage in the preparation of the WRC. In order to speed up the processing in the systematization of such material, it is recommended to widely use systems approach, reference and information systems and computer technologies.
V. STRUCTURE AND CONTENT
FINAL QUALIFICATION WORK
Experience WRC writing indicates that the most optimal structure for building a work is a structure that includes an introduction, three (or two) chapters, a conclusion, a list of references and appendices.
WRC should consist of interconnected theoretical and practical parts:
1. Introduction
The introduction should:
Justify the relevance of the chosen topic;
Define the goal and list the specific tasks set in the WRC;
Indicate the organizations whose materials or database are used in the implementation of the WRC;
Describe the scientific novelty and scientific and practical significance of the work;
Describe the research methods that were used to write the WRC;
Specify the structure and scope of work.
2. Theoretical and methodological assessment of the problem or object being studied
In this part, based on the study of literature, the role and essence of the problem (object) under study, the need and possibility of its in-depth analysis, taking into account modern requirements (and computer technology), the choice of methodology and specific methods of the student's work on the disclosure of the tasks set in the WRC is substantiated. A brief description of the degree of development of certain aspects of the problem (object) is given, their shortcomings are indicated and the main ways of improvement are outlined. In the absence of a unified point of view in the literature on the issue studied in the WRC, one should cite (with references to sources) the various positions of the authors, give their comparative assessment and be sure to formulate their own opinion.
In the text of the WRC, various quotations should not be abused. Quotations should be given to the place and be organically interconnected with the content of the work. When citing, be sure to indicate the source. Verbatim borrowing of text, expressions from textbooks, special literature, normative and instructive materials without references is unacceptable.
3. Analytical part
The analytical part of the WRC is carried out according to literary sources; statistical information; materials of enterprises (and companies) collected independently or during practice. The composition of the analyzed indicators (criteria) is determined by the work plan for the WRC and is specified by the head of the WRC.
In the process of analysis, the scale and rate of change of individual indicators, the patterns of their development, the relationship between them, factors affecting the level of various indicators and the degree of this influence are revealed. In addition, the analysis reveals the reasons for the negative aspects of the object's activity, determines ways to improve work efficiency.
The analysis should use various methods and ways of presenting the results: tables, graphs, drawings, charts and diagrams that give a concrete and visual representation of the relationship of the studied indicators, the degree of influence of individual factors, etc.
This part of the WRC ends with specific conclusions based on the results of the analysis. Methodological literacy and depth of analysis indicate professional qualities graduate.
The qualitative level of the performed analysis predetermines the applied significance of the WRC. The recommendatory part of the WRC is developed on the basis of previous results, summarizing the experience of similar recommendations and using special literature.
It is necessary to single out the main groups of proposals for a more substantiated or improved solution of the issues considered in the WRC. For example, recommendations can be divided into groups: organizational, technological, economic, social, methodological, ecological and other. After that, individual proposals are specifically formulated, and the expediency of their implementation in the object under study is substantiated.
Each recommended proposal is accompanied by a statement of its essence and content, professional justification. The place of possible implementation of the proposal, its possible impact on the organizational (technological) level of practical activity or other expected efficiency is determined. The depth of development of individual proposals and calculations (or justification) of their effectiveness are established jointly with the supervisor, depending on the content and importance of the recommendation.
5. Conclusion
The conclusion is the final part of the entire WRC. Here the main theoretical achievements are summarized, the most important conclusions are given and, in generalized form, shows the effectiveness of the recommended offers. WRC ends:
List of used literature (bibliography);
Applications.
The main provisions, analysis and practical recommendations of the WRC should be illustrated graphically. The volume, composition and content of the graphic part are determined together with the supervisor, depending on the nature of the topic being developed and recommendations.
VI. GUIDANCE, CONTROL AND ASSISTANCE TO THE STUDENT IN THE PREPARATION OF THE FINAL QUALIFICATION WORK
The main responsibilities of the Department of Journalism and Public Relations according to the guidance of WRC students are:
Development of the subject of WRC;
Organization (together with the dean) of the students' choice of topics of the WRC;
Selection, distribution and approval of WRC leaders;
Operational management, control, consulting and assistance to students in the process of preparing the WRC;
Control over the content of the work of the leaders of the WRC;
Ensuring high-quality review of the WRC;
Holding intermediate certification(pre-defense) WRC - 2 weeks before the defense;
Registration of a student's admission to the defense of the WRC.
During the entire period of preparation and writing of the WQR, the student must systematically meet with his supervisor. These meetings are held in accordance with an approximate schedule: at the beginning - at least three times per month, and in the future more often - as individual structural parts of the WRC are prepared and significant issues arise.
Responsibilities of WRC Leaders include:
Development of tasks for the student to complete the WRC;
Assistance to the student in compiling the Contents of the WRC, as well as in the selection of literature;
Advising a student on the selection of factual material, methods of its generalization, systematization, processing and inclusion in the WRC;
Conducting regular meetings and interviews with the student during the preparation and writing of the WQR, providing him with the necessary organizational and methodological assistance;
Control over the implementation of the WRC preparation schedule;
Personal participation in the intermediate certification (pre-defense) of the WRC;
Checking the quality of the submitted work as a whole and compiling a review.
The review of the head of the WRC is compiled on paper sheets of format A 4. It gives a description of the work performed, which indicates:
Compliance of the content of the WRC with the target settings of the task;
Advantages and disadvantages of WRC;
Completeness and quality of the development of the topic and parts of the WRC;
The degree of independence, personal creativity, initiative of the student in the performance of the WRC;
Ability to work with literature, make calculations, analyze, generalize, draw reasonable conclusions;
Systematism and literacy of presentation, the ability to draw up materials;
In the final part of the review, the opinion of the head is stated on the admission of the WRC to the defense and the possibility of assigning a specialist qualification to the graduate.
VII. REGISTRATION OF THE FINAL QUALIFICATION WORK
7.1. The volume of the WRC and the requirements for its execution
Recommended WRC volume should be 70 - 90 pages. printed text, made on a PC in Word editors in 14 point font (Times New Roman) with a left margin of 3 cm, the remaining margins of 2 cm for white sheet format A 4. At the same time: chapters 1, 2, 3 - 20 - 22 pages each (with two chapters 30 - 35 pages), introduction - up to 3 pages, conclusion - up to 5 pages.
Handwritten execution of the WRC is not allowed. Works with spelling errors are not allowed for protection.
Significant deviation of WRC from standard volume(over 5 pages) in the direction of increase or decrease is allowed only with the permission of the head of the WRC. The normalized volume does not include appendices and a list of references (bibliography). The work must have a hard cover, be bound and sufficiently firmly fastened (or bound), contain a title page of the sample established at MNEPU, signed by the graduate, head and head of the Department of Journalism and Public Relations, as well as a table of contents following the title page and including the names of all parts of the WRC (introduction, chapters and paragraphs, conclusion, list of references and appendices) indicating the pages from which each of these parts begins.
The annexes include additional graphics, diagrams, diagrams, drawings, maps, tables, copies of documents, developed and directly related to the text of the WRC).
7.2. List of used literature
When drawing up a list of used literature for each literary source, the surname and initials of the authors, the exact title, place of publication, name of the publisher, year of publication are indicated. For journal articles, the surname and initials of the authors, the title of the article, the name of the journal, the year of issue, the journal number, and the pages occupied by the article in the journal are indicated. The list of references should include only sources directly used in the WRC, i.e. those that were cited, referenced or if they served as the basis for the formation of the student's point of view. All figures, quotes and figures borrowed from literary sources should be provided with obligatory references to the source with full description literary source in the bibliography.
The list of references is drawn up either in alphabetical order, or in a certain form and sequence:
Laws of the Russian Federation and subjects of the Russian Federation, other regulations. Documentary publications - collections of documents and materials, statistical reference books. Scientific works and tutorials in alphabetical order Authors with indication of place and year of publication. Magazine and newspaper publications in alphabetical order of the authors, indicating the publication and time of publication. Archival materials indicating archives, funds, inventories and case numbers. Materials of the organization on the basis of which the WRC was prepared.
7.3. Numbering of the structural components of the WRC
For numbering in the WRC, only Arabic numerals. The pagination of the WRC should be continuous, including all individual graphs, tables and annexes. No number is printed on the cover page (page 1).
The numbering of chapters (sections) in the WRC should be continuous. The table of contents, introduction and conclusion are not numbered. Each chapter (section) must begin with new page. Paragraphs (subsections) in a chapter (section) are printed in a row and have double numbering through a dot. For example, 3.2. is the second paragraph of the third chapter. The paragraph mark is not printed.
The numbering of illustrations can be either through, or correlated with a specific chapter (section). Each illustration must have a title. For example: Fig. 4. Organizational structure edition of the publication, or Fig. 3.5. - a diagram of increasing the communicative effectiveness of PR messages about the product.
The numbering of the tables is affixed in the same way. For example, Tab. 1.2. Typology of carriers of corporate style of the company.
The numbering of applications is end-to-end. For example: APPENDIX 4. Job description head of the public relations department. Each application must have a title and start on a new sheet.
VIII. ADMISSION TO THE DEFENSE OF THE FINAL QUALIFICATION WORK
The completed WRC, together with a written review of the head (and consultant) within the time period established by the schedule, is submitted to the head of the graduating department to resolve the issue of admission to the defense. The decision on admission is made out on the title page. WRC sheet and certified by the signature of the head of the Department of Journalism and Public Relations.
In cases of refusal of admission to the defense, the issue is considered at a meeting of the department, which makes a reasoned decision. The minutes of the meeting of the department are submitted for approval to the Rector of MNEPU. If necessary, the head of the department can organize a preliminary defense of the WRC in front of the departmental commission. In this case, the head of the department makes a decision on admission to the defense based on the conclusion of the departmental commission.
VKR in the specialty and field of study (bachelors) subject to mandatory external review, after the decision of the head of the department on admission to the defense.
For WRC review specialists from among the teaching staff of other institutions and specialists from organizations are involved.
The review is compiled on one or two printed pages, certified by the seal of the organization. The review should contain an objective assessment of the work performed. It addresses the following key questions:
The relevance of the topic, the quality and dignity of the work performed;
Degree of use modern achievements Sciences;
The ability of a graduate to analyze and summarize information;
Comments and additional questions on the work (required);
With absence WRC reviews is removed from defense until the next period of work of the Final Attestation Commission.
In the event of a negative review final decision is accepted by the Final Attestation Commission during the defense of the WQR with a hearing of the head of the WQR and the head of the Department of Journalism and Public Relations, about which a special note is made in the minutes of the meeting of the Final Attestation Commission.
WRC with the decision of the head of the department on admission to the defense, recall of the head of the WRC and (for a specialist) review no later than three days before the defense is submitted to the Final Attestation Commission.
IX. DEFENSE OF THE FINAL QUALIFICATION WORK
By the beginning of the defense, each student must develop the abstracts of his report, prepare answers to the reviewer's comments and coordinate them with the head of the WRC.
The defense of the WRC takes place at an open meeting of the Final Attestation Commission. The head of the VKR, the teaching staff of MNEPU, students of the faculty and other persons have the right to attend the defense.
At one meeting of the commission, no more than eight to ten WRCs are submitted for defense. Up to 30 - 45 minutes are allotted for the defense of one WRC, including 10 - 15 minutes for the graduate's report.
The following is installed approximate order student protection:
1. Invitation of the graduate to the meeting - the secretary of the commission.
2. Announcement of the defense indicating the full name of the graduate and the topic of the WRC - the chairman (or responsible member) of the commission.
3. Characteristics of the graduate (specialization, department, head, consultant, reviewer, availability of documentation, other information) - secretary of the commission.
4. Graduate report:
Purpose and main tasks of the WRC;
Relevance (with justification) of the WRC topic;
Object of study;
point of special attention).
Conclusion.
5. Student's answers to the questions of the commission members.
You should give clear and concise answers, strictly according to the content of the question.
commissions.
Announcement of the review of the WRC - the secretary of the commission (and the audience). Discussion of the work by members of the commission and those present at the meeting. Completion of the defense - the student's answers to the comments of the reviewer and the opponents who spoke.
The report should not be reduced to a mechanical reading of prepared abstracts, the presentation of the content of the report should be free and unconstrained. The visual part of the report is shown in the form of a PowerPoint presentation (15-17 slides). The content of the presentation is agreed with the head of the WRC.
results WRC protection The final attestation commission evaluates according to a four-point system (“excellent”, “good”, “satisfactory”, “unsatisfactory”). The discussion of the results of the defense of each work is carried out at a closed meeting of the commission. The decision on the assessment is made only by the composition of the Final Attestation Commission. The Secretary of the Commission enters the assessment of the defense of the WRC in the student's record book, on the title page of the WRC notes the acceptance of the defense (protocol number and date of defense).
The results of the defense of the WRC are announced to students on the same day, after the registration of the protocols, chairman Final attestation commission.
With an unsatisfactory assessment of the WRC, the graduate has the right to re-defend after revision and corrections, but not more than once and not earlier than the next period of work of the Final Attestation Commission.
The general results of the defense of all WRCs are summed up by the chairman of the Final Attestation Commission and subsequently discussed at the departments. Based on the results of the defense, the department can recommend individual works for publication.
Completed and protected VKR with all accompanying materials (acts of implementation, disks, applications) are the property of MNEPU and are stored in the archives of the University. The issuance of protected WRCs to individuals or organizations for review (or other purposes) is allowed only with the permission of the Rector of the MNEPU.
Added: 06/29/2015
How are we going to practice?Practice will take place at work. From the first day, as written in the order. Bachelors have one month, specialists have two. The practice is the second chapter of the WRC, the report on the practice must be signed by you, the head of the practice and the responsible person from the institute. There should be an introduction and paragraphs "Analysis of financial and economic or organizational and economic activities" - the essence of what the organization does and there should be an analysis of the problems that the work is devoted to.
- Is there a manual for practice?
What is in the diploma, because the practice report is the second part of the diploma. This is just so that, in the order of the FU, standards and margins and font and everything else are written.
- Do you need to make a practice diary?
Everyone is different.
- Report on practice in what form is performed?
Here the title is filled in, the rest, the second page - table of contents, is drawn up in a folder as a course paper.
The report is coordinated with the head. The report should have an introduction, a conclusion and a list of references that we use when writing. Applications can be, with the permission of the head, a charter, a balance sheet, and this can be invested in the application.
- Is it necessary to indicate what exactly we did in the organization in the practice report?
You get acquainted with the activities of the organization as a whole and with the problems that correspond to the theme of your chosen WRC and which will be solved in the third chapter.
- How will the defense be carried out in practice?
You give a report to your supervisor, he looks, asks questions, signs the report and you get admission to the state exams.
- Date of defense by practice
The order of the FU says that the defense of the practice report takes place from November 26 to December 30 or 31. During this period, the supervisor himself chooses the day for protection. You agree with him on the place, time and date of the meeting. The volume of the practice report should be 25-30 pages, and the entire work (WRC) should be about 75-80 pages.
- Is it possible to change the approved WRC plan?
- The second chapter of the WRC is independent
The first chapter is theoretical, we must not only find and correct a little bit from the textbook, but also draw our own conclusions for each chapter. In order for you to write in January by the twentieth and bring the stitched diploma for signature to the teacher, then you must receive a printout through the anti-plagiarism printout that you have only 75% of your own and 25 of someone else's, if less - take it and still correct it in the first chapter and the third chapter. The third chapter is still independent, so I think you will pick up suggestions there.
- What is the best anti-plagiarism to use? University or on the Internet
To begin with, you are guided by a common database for students http://www.antiplagiat.ru/, but teachers have their own internal database that has much more opportunities than student http://fa.antiplagiat.ru/, so be prepared for that that your percentage will be much lower than that of the teacher.
- Do I need to check all the work or can only part of it?
We have to check all the work.
The list of references is at least 33-34 titles and references to the literature must be at least 35-20 for sure.
- Will there be a commission?
This will be the chairman, deputy chairman, 3 members of the commission and the secretary.
- It happens that WRC work someone did not protect?
One thing I can say is that one of us didn’t defend and he didn’t seem to appear. But in general, the diploma is signed not only by the head of the diploma, but also by the head of the department, so the main thing is to pass the state exam here you can get unsuccessful.
How many pages should be for each chapter of the thesis?
On average, 25 pages, in total somewhere around 75-80 pages, taking into account the second chapter (which is the practice report). If at the end of the practice report, your supervisor advised to change something, you improve (some kind of tablet for example) We specifically make a practice report so that you can collect a practice report, systematize and identify problems and solve in the third chapter of the WRC these problems.
- What questions are asked in defense?
Basically, the commission asks for the second chapter - you should know it, because you yourself work there or your brother and you should know the second chapter. And the third chapter is asked - what did you propose. Therefore, when you write and prepare, to the question of what you proposed, you should have an answer there at night or during the day - I offered toto toto. They ask you where it is - here is the handout, the presentation shows my proposal on this sheet, and they tell you - you have very little here - one sheet, and in the work that you proposed, you must remember on which page and open and show it. That is, they must understand their work.
On WRC we report 6-8 minutes. We talk about the organization and what we offered (they did something in the organization, the analysis showed that it is competitive or not).
These problems have been calculated and I propose to solve them in such and such a way (cut down such and such a department, redistribute responsibilities, change motivation, etc.).
I made toto toto, thank you for your attention.
The economic effect should be indicated (how the recommendations helped).
If you liked everything, then there will be no questions and may be released immediately, if not, then they ask additional questions. Most often, 1-2 questions are obligatory on the organization, what it does, what problems and the question, on what you proposed and what it gave.
And it will produce good impression on you.
After the presentation until the end, you take a flash drive and form a briefcase with a presentation file.
In addition, in folders as in term papers, we are preparing handouts for the commission of 10-12 pages, corresponding to the pages of the presentation. What we have in the handout is also in the presentations. It is necessary to prepare 5 copies of handout for five members of the commission
- Has it ever happened that the commission asked a question that does not concern the diploma at all?
Usually this does not happen on WCR. Usually they ask questions about the organization and the topic, of course they can, if your topic is competitiveness, they can ask what competitiveness is.
- And how are the states going?
The exam is 2 questions and a situation or problem.
There will be a consultation before the exams and there we will look at the problems that will be in the tickets, we can prepare the questions ourselves. We'll take a look at the issues.
The same commission of five people will sit on the state boards.
At the state exams, as in many exams, the answer will be oral and 2 sheets will be issued: one for questions, the second for solving a problem or situation. We can peep into our leaflet to answer oral questions, but you don’t need to write off, they can kick you out, but kick them out, which means you will lose a year. And you give out the second leaflet to the commission so that the commission decides whether you solved the problem correctly or not. You describe the situation, solve the problem, make a mistake, we will correct you, depending on what you make a mistake.
There were no failures last year, the financiers did.
- How is the WRC arranged?
WRC should be bound in hardcover, there should be no curls, no plastic, there should be a hardcover of any color, optionally with a coat of arms or gold, a simple binding can be.
At the end of the work, glue an envelope and put a disk with your work and presentation there, the main thing is that there is work there.
At the WRC, there should be a review of the supervisor, in which he indicates that you hot topic you chose the work and how you treated the matter (responsibly, diligently, showed initiative, etc.). First, relevance, and then attitude, and then recommends for defense at the state examination board. About a page and a half.
And also a review is made of the WRC by someone from your work (managers or bosses).
We write the review ourselves, and we give it to sign our boss or another person in the organization and put the seal of the organization.
- Should the supervisor's review be included in the binding?
No, he just needs to be inserted into the work with a piece of paper. It doesn't intertwine.
WRC can be both applied and analytical in nature. Bachelor's qualification work, as a rule, should include:
- setting the task;
- review of the state of the issue and justification of the relevance of the topic of work;
- a brief description, research, calculation, design, as well as analysis of research and / or design and calculation results;
- formulation of conclusions on the work performed.
Articles, scientific reports published and prepared by a student for defense can be accepted as WRC. The admissibility of the indicated equivalent is determined by the graduating department.
1.3 Requirements for master's degree
The master's thesis is prepared during the entire period of study in the master's program. The final qualifying work of the bachelor can be used as the basis for the final qualifying work of the master. The recommended volume of the master's thesis is 90 - 100 pages of printed text without appendices.
Master's WRC requires the presence of:
- setting the task of research or development;
- analysis of the current state of the issue under consideration with the justification of the relevance of the topic, its novelty;
– performed computational-theoretical (theoretical) and/or experimental studies;
– summarizing the results obtained and formulating conclusions and specific recommendations based on these results;
- substantiation of the effectiveness and practical value of the implementation of the intended result of the WRC.
By decision of the graduating department, articles, monographs, scientific reports published in the editions of the list of the Higher Attestation Commission, which present new scientific results obtained by the author, can be accepted as a master's thesis. The admissibility of the indicated equivalent is determined by the graduating department and is issued in the form of an extract from the minutes of the meeting of the department, by the methodological commission of groups of related areas and specialties in the form of a decision
2 Requirements for the structure and content of the
The following requirements apply to the WRC:
correspondence of the title of the work to its content, clear target orientation, relevance;
logical sequence of presentation of the material;
correct presentation of the material, taking into account the accepted scientific terminology;
the reliability of the results obtained and the validity of the conclusions;
scientific style of writing;
registration of work in accordance with the requirements of these guidelines.
The WRC consists of two mandatory parts: explanatory note(PP), including the calculation part and graphic (illustrative) material. The volume of the WRC should be sufficient to outline the ways to implement the tasks set, but not overloaded with insignificant details.
The explanatory note should include structural elements in the following order:
title page(first page, not numbered, but considered see appendix A);
exercise(terms of reference) (2nd page, not numbered, but considered);
manager's feedback, filed to the approved WRC (3rd page, not numbered);
anti-plagiarism test results(4th page, not numbered);
annotation in Russian and English language for VKR bachelors (5th page, not numbered) or abstract in Russian and English (for master's theses), for bachelors, annotations in Russian and English must be placed on one page;
introduction(main inscription indicating the page number (Appendix B);
main part;
conclusion;
list of sources used;
definitions, designations and abbreviations(this section is included in the PP if necessary);
applications(This section is included in the PP if necessary. The number of sheets of the application is not included in the calculation of the recommended length of the explanatory note of the WRC).
WRC pages are numbered with Arabic numerals, continuous numbering throughout the text, including appendices in all formats. The page number is put down in the lower right part of the sheet without dots and dashes.
On the title page, assignment sheet and annotation (abstract), the page number is not affixed, however, these sheets are included in the calculation of the number of pages.
Design Requirements title page presented in app. A.
Exercise is drawn up in accordance with the standard DVGUPS ST 02-13.
annotation in Russian and English is brief description WRC in terms of content, purpose and novelty of the results of the work.
Essay (for master's degree) must contain:
- the title of the work, information about its volume (number of pages), the number of illustrations and tables, the number of sources used, the number of applications;
- a list of keywords;
- the text of the abstract;
Information about the most significant publications and reports.
Keywords in the aggregate should give an idea of the content. These are words or phrases from the text of the work that carry a semantic load from the point of view of information retrieval. The list includes from 5 to 15 keywords (phrases) in the nominative case, printed on a line separated by commas in capital letters.
The text of the abstract should contain:
– description of the research object;
- the purpose of the work;
– relevance and practical significance of the work;
– research methods;
- the results obtained and their novelty;
IN WRC content the exact names of all sections and subsections of the work are indicated with the page numbers from which they begin. A sample of the content design is presented in Appendix D.
In introduction to WRC the author substantiates the topic of the study, its relevance, novelty and practical significance, briefly characterizing the current state of the scientific problem (question) to which the work is devoted, determines the goal, object and subject of the study. Based on the research goals and subject, a working hypothesis is formulated. On the basis of a working hypothesis, research tasks are put forward, methods for their solution are determined. The novelty and relevance of the work must be indicated, the need for its implementation is justified, the possibility and forms of using the obtained material are determined. It is advisable to briefly describe the content structure of the WRC, i.e. comment on the sections indicated in its table of contents.
The main part of the WRC consists of two or three sections and depends on the nature of the work. The structure of the PP must match the list of sections of the assignment for the WRC. The sections reveal the content of the study; the main attention is paid to the thoughts and developments of the author of the WRC. The nature of the WRC depends on the chosen topic, purpose, object, subject of research, factual material used. The key task of any research is the accumulation of own, scientifically new materials, their processing, generalization, explanation of the facts, followed by the formulation of conclusions and proposals.
The headings given in the table of contents should exactly (without abbreviations and wording changes) repeat the headings of sections and subsections.
WRC conclusion is a brief, consistent, logically coherent presentation of the results obtained and described in the main part, the conclusions of the study, built on the analysis of the correlation of the results obtained with common goal and specific research objectives. The number of conclusions should not be large, usually it is determined by the number of tasks assigned, since each task must be reflected in the conclusions in a certain way.
The final part of the WRC also assumes the presence of a generalized final assessment of the work done. At the same time, it is important to indicate what main point work, whether the goals have been achieved, whether the tasks set have been solved, what new scientific tasks arise in connection with the study and its results, to indicate the prospects for further work. In conclusion, it is appropriate to include practical suggestions and recommendations that go beyond the main text of the WRC.
List of sources used when working on a WRC, it is placed after the text of the work and precedes the annexes. It is an obligatory part of the final qualifying work. The list includes bibliographic information about the sources used in the preparation of the work. When preparing master's theses, references to their own publications are obligatory, all sources placed in the list must be mentioned in the text of the work by means of links. The design of the bibliographic list is determined by GOST 7.1-84, GOST 7.80-2000.
Examples of the list of sources used are presented in Appendix D.
When choosing information sources, it is necessary to take into account the degree of their novelty and relevance for their own research. The degree of obsolescence of information sources is determined by the Order of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation No. 1623 dated 11.04.01: for mathematical, natural sciences and general professional disciplines -10 years , for general humanitarian, socio-economic, special disciplines -5 years .
The criterion of novelty does not apply to additional literary sources recommended for in-depth, fundamental study of the problem.
Each application must start on a new page with the word "APP" in the upper right corner and have a descriptive title.
If there are several applications in operation, they are numbered sequentially in capital letters. An appendix contains auxiliary or additional materials that cannot be included in the main text for technical or other reasons.
To graphic (illustrative) material should be attributed:
– demonstration sheets (posters);
- drawings, diagrams, tables, diagrams, etc.;
- computer presentations.
The drawings are drawn up in accordance with the ESKD standards, see Appendix E for the corner stamp.