After all, these cigarettes! Porfiry Petrovich finally spoke, having finished smoking and resting, harm, pure harm, but I can’t fall behind! I cough, sir, tickle the beginning, and shortness of breath. You know, I'm cowardly, sir, I went the other day to B well, at least examines each patient for half an hour; he even laughed, looking at me: he rapped and listened, he says, by the way, tobacco is not good for you; lungs are expanded. Well, how do I drop it? What will I replace? I don’t drink, sir, that’s the whole trouble, he-he-he, that I don’t drink, the trouble! Everything is relative, Rodion Romanych, everything is relative!
“What is it, is he being taken for his former treasury, or something!” Raskolnikov thought with disgust. The whole recent scene of their last meeting suddenly came back to him, and the feeling of that time surged like a wave to his heart.
But I already visited you on the third day in the evening; you don't know? Porfiry Petrovich continued, looking around the room, he entered the room, this very one. Also, as today, I pass by give, I think, I will give him a business card. I went in, and the room was wide open; looked around, waited, and didn’t report to your maid went out. Don't lock?
Raskolnikov's face darkened more and more. Porfiry accurately guessed his thoughts.
He came to explain himself, my dear Rodion Romanych, to explain himself, sir! I owe and owe an explanation to you, sir,” he continued with a smile and even lightly tapped Raskolnikov’s knee with his palm, but almost at the same instant his face suddenly assumed a serious and preoccupied expression; even as if sadness twitched, to the surprise of Raskolnikov. He had never seen or suspected such a face. A strange scene happened for the last time between us, Rodion Romanych. It is, perhaps, that on our first meeting a strange scene also took place between us; but then ... Well, now everything is one to one! Here's what, sir: I may be very guilty before you go out; I feel it. After all, how we parted, you remember: your nerves sing and your knees tremble, and my nerves sing and your knees tremble. And you know, somehow it even dishonestly happened between us then, not in a gentlemanly way. But we are gentlemen after all; that is, at any rate, first of all gentlemen; this must be understood. After all, remember what it came to ... quite already, even indecent, sir.
“What is it that he takes me for?” Raskolnikov asked himself in amazement, raising his head and looking wide-eyed at Porfiry.
I reasoned that it would be better for us to act frankly now, Porfiry Petrovich continued, throwing his head back a little and lowering his eyes, as if not wanting to embarrass his former victim with his gaze anymore and as if neglecting his former methods and tricks, yes, sir, such suspicions and such scenes cannot last long. Then Mikolka let us go, otherwise I don’t know what it would have come between us. That accursed philistine sat behind my partition then, can you imagine that? Of course, you already know this; and I myself know that he came to see you afterwards; but what you then assumed was not that: I did not send for anyone, and I did not dispose of anything else at that time. Ask why you didn't? And how can I tell you: it all then kind of hit me myself. I hardly gave orders to send for the janitors. (Janitors, I suppose, noticed passing). A thought then flashed through me, so, alone, quickly, like lightning; I was firmly convinced then, you see, Rodion Romanovitch. Give me, I think, although I will miss one thing for a while, I will grab the other by the tail, I will not miss my own, my own, at least. You are very irritable, Rodion Romanych, by nature, sir; even too much, with all the other basic properties of your character and heart, which, I flatter myself with the hope that I have partially comprehended, sir. Well, of course, and I could, even then, judge that it does not always happen that way, for a person to stand up and blurt out all the ins and outs to you. Although this happens, especially when you bring a person out of his last patience, but, in any case, rarely. This is what I could figure out. No, I think I would like a dash! even the most grandiose dash, only one, but only such that one could take it with one's hands, so that there was a thing, and not just this one psychology. Therefore, I thought, if a person is guilty, then, of course, one can, in any case, expect something significant from him; it is permissible even to count on the most unexpected result. At that time I counted on your character, Rodion Romanych, most of all on your character, sir! I really hoped for you then.
Yes, you ... why are you talking like that now, Raskolnikov finally muttered, without even understanding the question properly. “What is he talking about,” he was at a loss to himself, “does he really take me for an innocent?”
What do I say? And I came to explain myself, with, so to speak, I consider it a duty of the saints. I want to tell you everything to the ground, how it was, the whole story of all this then, so to speak, clouding. I made you suffer a lot, Rodion Romanych. I'm not a monster. After all, I also understand what it is like to drag everything on yourself to a person who is dejected, but proud, domineering and impatient, especially impatient! In any case, I regard you as the most noble person, sir, and even with the beginnings of generosity, sir, although I do not agree with you in all your convictions, which I consider it a duty to state in advance, directly and with perfect sincerity, for, first of all, I don’t I want to cheat. When I got to know you, I felt affection for you. Perhaps you will laugh at my words like that? You have the right, sir. I know that you didn’t love me at first sight, because, in essence, there’s nothing to love me for, sir. But consider it as you like, and now I wish, on my part, by all means to make amends for the impression made and to prove that I, too, am a man with a heart and a conscience. I speak sincerely.
Porfiry Petrovich paused with dignity. Raskolnikov felt a surge of some new fright. The thought that Porfiry considered him to be innocent suddenly began to frighten him.
It is hardly necessary to tell everything in order, how it suddenly began then, continued Porfiry Petrovich; I think even superfluous. Yes, and I don't think I can. Because how to explain it in detail? Initially, there were rumors. About what kind of rumors they were and from whom and when ... and on what occasion, in fact, it came to you, , too, I think, is superfluous. Personally, for me, it began with an accident, with one completely accidental accident, which in the highest degree could be and could not be, what? Um, I guess there's nothing to say either. All this, both rumors and accidents, coincided with me then in one thought. I confess frankly, because if I confess, so in everything, I was the first to attack you then. Let's say these old woman's marks on things and so on and so forth - all this is nonsense, sir. There are hundreds of such things. I also had the opportunity then to find out in detail about the scene in the office of the quarter, also by chance, sir, and not so casually, but from a special, fundamental narrator, who, without knowing it, surprisingly mastered this scene. It's all one to one, sir, one to one, sir, Rodion Romanych, my dear! Well, how could you not turn in a certain direction? A hundred rabbits will never make a horse, a hundred suspicions will never make a proof, because that's how one English proverb says, but this is only prudence, sir, but try to cope with passions, with passions, that's why the investigator is a man, sir. Then I remembered your article, in a magazine, remember, even on your first visit, they talked about it in detail. I then sneered, but this is to challenge you further. I repeat, you are very impatient and sick, Rodion Romanych. That you are bold, arrogant, serious, and ... you felt, you already felt a lot, I have known all this for a long time, sir. All these sensations are familiar to me, and I read your article as if it were familiar to me. In sleepless nights and in a frenzy, she conceived, with the uplifting and beating of her heart, with suppressed enthusiasm. And this suppressed, proud enthusiasm in the youth is dangerous! I then scoffed, and now I will tell you that I love terribly in general, that is, as an amateur, this first, young, hot attempt at writing. Smoke, fog, the string rings in the fog. Your article is absurd and fantastic, but such sincerity flickers in it, in it is youthful and incorruptible pride, in it is the courage of despair; she is a gloomy article, sir, yes, that's good, sir. I read your article, and put it aside, and ... as I put it aside then, and I thought: “Well, this won’t work with this person!” Well, then, tell me now, after such a previous one, it was not possible to get carried away by the next one! Oh Lord! Do I say anything? Am I claiming anything now? I just noticed then. What is it, I think? There is nothing here, that is, absolutely nothing, and perhaps nothing at all. Yes, and to get carried away that way for me, the investigator, is even completely indecent: I have Mikolka in my arms, and already with the facts, there as you like, but the facts! And he also fails his psychology; they need to work out; so it's a matter of life and death. Why am I explaining this to you now? And so that you know, and with your mind and heart, do not blame me for my evil behavior then. Not malicious, sir, sincerely, sir, hehe! What do you think: I was not there with a search then? Was, sir, was, sir, hehe, was, sir, when you were lying here sick in bed. Not officially and not with his own face, but he was, sir. To the last hair in your apartment, it was examined, even on the first traces; but umsonst! I think: now this person will come, he will come, and very soon; if he is guilty, he will certainly come. The other will not come, but this one will. Do you remember how Mr. Razumikhin began to blurt out to you? We arranged this in order to excite you, so we deliberately started a rumor so that he let it slip to you, and Mr. Razumikhin is such a person that he cannot stand indignation. First of all, your anger and your open courage caught Mr. Zametov’s eyes: how is it to blurt out suddenly in a tavern: “I killed!” Too bold, sir, too bold, sir, and if I think he is guilty, then he is a terrible fighter! So then I thought, sir. I'm waiting! I'm waiting for you with all my might, but then you just crushed Zametov and ... after all, that's the point, that all this damned psychology has two ends! Well, so I'm waiting for you, I look, and God gives you go! So my heart skipped a beat. Eh! Well, why did you have to come then? Laughter, your laughter, how you came in then, remember, because it’s like I guessed everything through the glass then, and if I hadn’t waited for you in such a special way, I wouldn’t have noticed anything in your laughter. That's what it means to be in the mood. And Mr. Razumikhin then, ah! a stone, a stone, remember, a stone, under which things are hidden? Well, I definitely see him somewhere there, in the garden, you said in the garden, to Zametov, and then at my place, for the second time? And how did we then begin to sort through this article of yours, how did you begin to state so you doubly accept every word of yours, as if another one is sitting under it! Well, Rodion Romanych, it was in this way that I reached the last pillars, but as I hit my forehead, I came to my senses. No, I say it's me! After all, if you want, then all this, I say, can be explained to the last line in a different direction, it will even come out more natural. Flour, sir! “No, I think it would be better for me to have a dash! ..” Yes, as soon as I heard about these bells, my whole body even froze, even trembled. “Well, I think, here it is a dash! It!" Well, I didn’t even think about it then, I just didn’t want to. I would have given a thousand rubles at that moment, my own, so that only for you into your eyes look: how you then walked a hundred steps with a petty-bourgeois woman next to you, after he said the “murderer” to your eyes, and you didn’t dare to ask him anything, a whole hundred steps! .. Well, what about this coldness in the spinal cord? Are these bells, in an illness, in a semi-delirium? So, Rodion Romanych, why should you be surprised after that that I joked with you then? And why did you come at that very moment? After all, someone seemed to be pushing you, by God, and if Mikolka hadn’t divorced us, then ... but do you remember Mikolka then? Well remembered? It was thunder, after all! After all, it was thunder from a cloud, a thunderous arrow! Well, how did I meet him? I didn’t believe the arrow for a bit, they themselves deigned to see it! Yes, where! Only later, after you, when he began to answer very, very fluently to other points, so that I myself was surprised, and then I didn’t believe him for a penny! This is what it means to be strengthened like adamant. No, I think morgen fries! What kind of Mikolka is here!
Razumikhin just told me that you are still accusing Nikolai and Razumikhin yourself assured me of that ...
His breath was taken away, and he did not finish. He listened in inexpressible emotion as the man who saw through him renounced himself. He was afraid to believe and did not believe. In still ambiguous words, he greedily sought and caught something more precise and definitive.
Mr. Razumikhin! exclaimed Porfiry Petrovich, as if rejoicing at the question of the silent Raskolnikov, he-he-he! Yes, Mr. Razumikhin should have been taken away: it’s nice for two, don’t bother with the third. Mr. Razumikhin is not right, and besides, a stranger, he ran up to me all so pale ... Well, God bless him, why bother him here! And as for Mikolka, would you like to know what kind of plot it is, in the form, that is, as I understand it? First of all, this is still a minor child, and not exactly a coward, but so, like, as it were, an artist of some kind. Really, sir, don't laugh at me explaining him like that. Innocent and susceptible to everything. The heart has; fantastic. He sings, he dances, he tells fairy tales, they say, in such a way that they come from other places to listen. And go to school, and laugh until you drop because they show you a finger, and drink to insensibility, not so much from debauchery, but like that, in stripes, when they get drunk, still childishly. He then stole it, but he himself does not know it; because “if you picked it up on the ground, what did you steal?” But do you know that he is one of the schismatics, and not exactly one of the schismatics, but simply a sectarian; there were runners in his family, and he himself until recently, for two whole years, in the village, was with a certain old man under spiritual guidance. I learned all this from Mikolka and from the Zaraysk people. Yes, where! I just wanted to run into the desert! He had zeal, prayed to God at night, read old, “true” books and read them out. Petersburg had a strong effect on him, especially the female sex, and, well, wine. Receptive, sir, and an old man, and forgot everything. I know that his artist alone fell in love here, began to go to him, but this case came up! Well, I'm stunned hang yourself! Run! What to do with the concept that has passed among the people about our jurisprudence! After all, the word “sue” is scary for someone else. Who is guilty! Here is something the new courts will say. Oh, God willing! Well, sir, in the prison I remembered, apparently, now an honest old man; The Bible also appeared again. Do you know, Rodion Romanych, what it means for some of them to "suffer?" It’s not that for anyone, but it’s just that “you have to suffer”; suffering means to accept, and even more so from the authorities. In my time, one most humble prisoner sat for a whole year in prison, read the whole Bible at night on the stove, well, he read it, but he read it, you know, completely, so much so that for no reason at all he grabbed a brick and threw it at the chief, without any resentment on his part. Yes, and how he threw it: on purpose he took it a yard past, so as not to cause any harm! Well, it is known what the end is for a prisoner who throws himself at the authorities with a weapon: and "accepted, therefore, suffering." So, now I suspect that Mikolka wants to "accept suffering" or something like that. This I probably, even on the facts, I know, sir. He just doesn't know that I know. What, you don’t allow, perhaps, that fantastic people come out of such a people? Yes, all the way! The elder now began to act again, especially after the noose he remembered. And yet, he will tell me everything, he will come. Do you think it will last? Wait, it will open again! From hour to hour I wait for him to refuse the testimony. I fell in love with this Mikolka and I will study him thoroughly. And what would you think! Hehe! On some points he answered me very smoothly, obviously, he received the necessary information, deftly prepared himself; but on other points, he simply, as if in a puddle, knows nothing, does not know, and he himself does not suspect that he does not know! No, father Rodion Romanych, this is not Mikolka! This is a fantastic, gloomy matter, a modern matter, a case of our time, sir, when the human heart was clouded; when the phrase is quoted that blood "refreshes"; when all life is preached in comfort. Here are book dreams, sir, here is a theoretically irritated heart; here one can see determination on the first step, but determination of a special kind, he decided, but how he fell from the mountain or flew off the bell tower, and it was as if he had come to the crime not with his own feet. He forgot to close the door behind him, but he killed, killed two, according to theory. He killed, and he didn’t manage to take the money, and what he managed to capture, he demolished under a stone. It wasn’t enough for him that he endured the torment when he was sitting outside the door, and the door was breaking and the bell rang, no, then he would go to an empty apartment, half-delirious, remember this bell was coming, it was necessary to experience the cold of the spinal cord again ... Well, yes, this Let's say he's ill, but here's another: he killed, but he considers himself an honest man, he despises people, walks like a pale angel, no, what kind of Mikolka is here, my dear Rodion Romanych, this is not Mikolka!
These last words, after all that had been said before, and so much like a renunciation, were too unexpected. Raskolnikov trembled all over, as if pierced.
So... who... killed?.. he asked, unable to stand it, in a breathless voice. Porfiry Petrovich even staggered back in his chair, as if so unexpectedly, and he was amazed at the question.
How did someone kill? .. he spoke, as if not believing his ears, yes you killed, Rodion Romanych! You killed, sir...” he added almost in a whisper, in a completely convinced voice.
Raskolnikov jumped up from the sofa, stood there for a few seconds, and sat down again without saying a word. Small convulsions suddenly passed all over his face.
“The sponge is shuddering again, as it was then,” muttered Porfiry Petrovich, as if even with participation. You seem to have misunderstood me, Rodion Romanych, he added, after a pause, that's why you were so amazed. I have just come with the intention of saying everything and making things open.
It was not I who killed, Raskolnikov was whispering, like frightened little children when they are captured at the scene of a crime.
No, it’s you, Rodion Romanych, you, sir, and there’s no one else, sir, Porfiry whispered sternly and with conviction.
They both fell silent, and the silence lasted even strangely long, about ten minutes. Raskolnikov leaned on the table and silently ruffled his hair with his fingers. Porfiry Petrovich sat quietly and waited. Suddenly Raskolnikov looked contemptuously at Porfiry.
Again you are up to the old, Porfiry Petrovich! All for the same tricks of yours: how can you not get tired of it, really?
Uh, fullness, what do I now receptions! It would be another matter if there were witnesses; and then after all we whisper one on one. You see, I did not come to you with the aim of chasing and catching you like a hare. Admit al no at this moment I don't care. About myself, I am convinced without you.
And if so, why did you come? asked Raskolnikov irritably. I'm asking you the same question: if you think I'm guilty, why don't you take me to prison?
Well, that's the question! I will answer you point by point: firstly, it is unprofitable for me to take you directly under arrest.
How unprofitable! If you are convinced, then you must...
Hey, well, what am I convinced? After all, for the time being, all this is my dream, sir. And what am I to you to rest will I put it there? You know, if you ask yourself. I will bring, for example, a tradeswoman to incriminate you, and you will say to him: “Are you drunk or not? Who saw me with you? I just took you for a drunk and took you, and you were drunk, well, what will I tell you then, all the more so because yours is even more plausible than his, because there is only one psychology in his testimony, that his snout even indecent, but you get to the very point, because he drinks, a bastard, bitter and even too famous. Yes, and I myself have frankly admitted to you, already several times, that this psychology has two ends and that the second end will be larger, and much more plausible, and that, besides this, I still have nothing against you. And even though I will still imprison you, and even I myself have come (not at all in a human way) to announce everything to you in advance, but nevertheless I tell you directly (also not in a human way) that it will be unprofitable for me. Well, secondly, that's why I came to you...
Well, yes, secondly? (Raskolnikov is still out of breath.)
Because, as I already announced just now, I consider myself indebted to you for an explanation. I don’t want you to consider me a monster, especially since I am sincerely disposed towards you, believe it or not. As a result, thirdly, I came to you with an open and direct proposal to make a confession. It will be infinitely more profitable for you, and more profitable for me, too, therefore off your shoulders. Well, frankly or not on my part?
Raskolnikov thought for a minute.
Listen, Porfiry Petrovich, you yourself say: there is only one psychology, but meanwhile you have entered mathematics. Well, what if you yourself are now mistaken?
No, Rodion Romanych, I'm not mistaken. I have such a dash. I found that dash even then, sir; God sent!
What dash?
I won't say which one, Rodion Romanych. And, in any case, now I have no right to delay any longer; I'll plant So you judge: me now it doesn't matter, and consequently, I am only for you. By God, it will be better, Rodion Romanych!
Raskolnikov smiled wickedly.
After all, this is not only funny, it is even shameless. Well, even if I’m guilty (which I’m not saying at all), why should I come to you with my confession when you yourself say that I’ll sit down there with you to rest?
Eh, Rodion Romanych, do not quite believe the words; maybe not quite to rest! After all, this is only a theory, and even mine, sir, and what kind of authority am I to you? I myself may be hiding something from you even now, sir. It’s not all the same for me to take it like that and lay it out, hehe! The second thing: what's the benefit? Do you know how much you will be charged for this? After all, when will you appear, at what minute? You just judge it! When the other has already taken the crime upon himself and confused the whole thing? And I swear to you, I swear by God himself, I’ll fake it “there” and arrange that your appearance will come out as if it were completely unexpected. We will completely destroy all this psychology, I will turn all suspicions against you into nothing, so that your crime like some kind of clouding will present itself, therefore, in conscience, it is clouding. I am an honest man, Rodion Romanych, and I will keep my word.
Raskolnikov fell silent sadly and bowed his head; he thought for a long time and finally smiled again, but his smile was already meek and melancholy:
Oh, don't! he said, as if not at all hiding with Porfiry. Don't! I don't need your allowance!
Well, that's what I was afraid of! hotly and as if involuntarily exclaimed Porfiry, that's what I was afraid of, that you don't need our deduction.
Raskolnikov looked at him sadly and impressively.
Hey, do not disdain life! Porfiry continued, there will still be a lot of it ahead. How not to deduct, how not to! You are an impatient person!
What will be a lot ahead?
Life! What kind of a prophet are you, how much do you know? Seek and find. Maybe God was waiting for you on this. Yes, and not forever, it's a chain ...
The deduction will be... Raskolnikov laughed.
Are you afraid of bourgeois shame or something? It may be that they were frightened, but you yourself don’t know it, because you are young! And yet you shouldn't be afraid or be ashamed of turning yourself in.
Eh, don't care! Raskolnikov whispered contemptuously and with disgust, as if not wanting to speak. He was about to get up again, as if he wanted to go out somewhere, but again he sat down in visible despair.
Don't care! You have lost faith and think that I am grossly flattering you; how much have you lived yet? How much do you understand? I invented the theory, and I felt ashamed that it broke, which turned out to be very unoriginal! It turned out vile, it's true, but you're still not a hopeless scoundrel. Not such a scoundrel at all! At least, he didn’t fool himself for a long time, he reached the last pillars at once. Whom do I consider you? I consider you to be one of those who even cut out their guts, and he will stand and look at the tormentors with a smile, if he only finds faith or God. Well, and find, and you will live. First of all, you need to change the air for a long time. Well, suffering is also a good thing. suffer. Mikolka, perhaps, is right that he wants suffering. I know that it is not believed, but you do not philosophize slyly; surrender to life directly, without reasoning; do not worry, it will carry you straight to the shore and put you on your feet. Which coast? How do I know? I only believe that you still have a lot to live. I know that you now accept my words as a race memorized; yes, maybe later remember, it will come in handy someday; that's why I'm talking. It's also good that you just killed the old woman. And if you came up with another theory, then, perhaps, you would have done a hundred million times more ugly thing! Also God, maybe we should thank; how do you know: maybe God is protecting you for what. And you have a great heart and be less afraid. Have you been scared of the great upcoming performance? No, it's a shame to be a coward. If you have taken such a step, so be strong. There's justice here. Do what justice demands. I know that you do not believe, but by God, life will endure. Fall in love with yourself afterwards. All you need now is air, air, air!
Raskolnikov even shuddered.
But who are you, he cried, what kind of a prophet are you? From the height of what majestic calm do you utter wise prophecies to me?
Who am I? I'm a finished man, nothing more. A person, perhaps, feeling and sympathizing, perhaps, someone who knows something, but completely finished. And you another article: God has prepared life for you (and who knows, maybe it will only pass with smoke in you, nothing will happen). Well, why are you moving into a different category of people? Do not feel sorry for the comfort, you, with your heart? Well, what if no one sees you for too long? It's not about time, it's about you. Be the sun, everyone will see you. The sun must first be the sun. Why are you smiling again: why am I such a Schiller? And I bet, you suppose that I am now flattering you! And well, maybe I really will flatter myself, he-he-he! You, Rodion Romanych, don’t believe me at a word, perhaps, and never even completely believe it, this is my temper, I agree; I will only add this: how low a person I am and how honest I am, you yourself, it seems, can judge!
When are you thinking of arresting me?
Yes, for a day and a half or two, I can still give you a walk. Think, my dear, pray to God. Yes, and more profitable, by God, more profitable.
Well, how can I run away? Raskolnikov asked, smiling somehow strangely.
No, don't run away. A peasant will run away, a fashionable sectarian will run away a lackey of someone else's thought, because he only needs to show the tip of his finger, like midshipman Dyrka, so he will believe what you want for the rest of his life. But you don’t believe your theory any more, so what will you run away with? And why are you on the run? It is disgusting and difficult on the run, but you first of all need a life and a certain position, corresponding to the air; Well, is your air there? Run away and come back. You can't do without us. But if I put you in a prison castle, sit for a month, two, three, and then all of a sudden, mark my word, you yourself will appear, and even as, perhaps, unexpectedly to yourself. You yourself will not know for an hour that you will come with a confession. I’m even sure that you “think of accepting suffering”; don't take my word for it now, but stop there yourself. Because suffering, Rodion Romanych, is a great thing; you do not look at the fact that I have grown fat, there is no need, but I know; don't laugh at it, there is an idea in suffering. Mikolka is right. No, don't run away, Rodion Romanych.
Raskolnikov got up and took his cap. Porfiry Petrovich also got up.
Going for a walk? The evening would be fine, but there would be no thunderstorms. And yet, it’s even better if it’s refreshed ...
He, too, took up his cap.
You, Porfiry Petrovich, please don’t get into your head, Raskolnikov said with stern insistence, that I confessed to you today. You are a strange person, and I listened to you out of curiosity alone. And I didn't confess anything to you... Remember this.
Well, yes, I know, I'll remember, you see, even trembling. Don't worry, my dear; your will be done. Walk a little; but you can't walk too much. Just in case, I also have a request for you, he added, lowering his voice, it is ticklish, but important: if, that is, just in case (which, however, I do not believe and consider you completely incapable), if just in case, well, just in case, you would have come to want to somehow end the matter in these forty or fifty hours in a different way, in a fantastic way raise your hands that way (an absurd assumption, well, forgive me for it) then leave a short but detailed note. So, two lines, only two lines, and mention the stone: it will be more noble, sir. Well, goodbye... Good thoughts, good undertakings!
Porfiry went out, somehow bending over and, as it were, avoiding looking at Raskolnikov. Raskolnikov went to the window and, with irritable impatience, waited for the time when, according to the calculation, he would go out into the street and move away. Then he hurried out of the room himself.
WAYS OF RASKOLNIKOV'S REVIVAL
(the final lesson on the novel by F.M. Dostoevsky "Crime and Punishment")
1.- What is the difference between the novel "Crime and Punishment" by F.M. Dostoevsky from a detective?
In the center of the work, the investigation is not of a crime, but of a person: Why is a person capable of a crime? What is the punishment for him? Can a person who has broken the laws be reborn?
The composition of the novel, its construction, corresponds to these problems: the first part is devoted to the crime, five parts (!) - to punishment, the epilogue - to the resurrection of the hero. In addition, the whole system of images in the novel is built around the main character and helps us to understand him better.
2.– How do Luzhin and Svidrigailov remind us of Raskolnikov? What charge of destruction do these heroes carry in themselves?
Luzhin, once in Raskolnikov’s room (which does not resemble a coffin by chance), shares his theory: “If, for example, they still told me:“ love ”, and I loved, then what came of it? .. it turned out that I tore the caftan in half, shared with our neighbor, and both of us remained half naked ... Science says: love, first of all, only yourself, for everything in the world is based on personal interest. If you love yourself alone, then you will do your business properly, and your caftan will remain intact ”(Part 2, Ch. 5). Raskolnikov remarks in response: “And bring to the consequences what you just preached, and it turns out that people can be cut ...” (6, 118). And, indeed, soon Luzhin is ready to “step over” Sonya Marmeladova.
Svidrigailov, not having time to get acquainted with Raskolnikov, he invites him to answer the question of whether there is a future life and eternity (part 4, ch. 1). Hearing in response that Raskolnikov does not believe in the immortality of the soul, he creates for him the image of eternity as a "bathhouse with spiders." During the last meeting with Raskolnikov, Svidrigailov invites him to forget about the laws of morality: “... I understand what questions you have in the course: moral, or what? questions of the citizen and the individual? And you are on their side; why do you need them now?” (part 6, ch. 5). Having reached the complete devastation of the soul, Svidrigailov commits suicide.
- Why is suicide, from the point of view of Orthodoxy, the most serious sin?
3. - Which of the heroes of the novel is opposed to Luzhin and Svidrigailov in their selfishness, pride and unbelief? How is Raskolnikov similar to them? How is love for one's neighbor manifested in Raskolnikov? What does love for one's neighbor face in his soul? Does he still need to believe in God?
Razumikhin open to people and ready to help them: he helps Raskolnikov, his family. Raskolnikov is also ready for selfless help to his neighbor, but in his soul there is a struggle of love and pride: at first he helps the girl on the boulevard, then he regrets it. There is chaos in his soul: “He felt a terrible disorder in everything. He himself was afraid not to control himself” (6, 75).
Sonya Marmeladova(her last name sounds bitterly ironic) is saved from chaos and disorder by love for her neighbor and love for God. This is revealed to Raskolnikov while reading the Gospel of John about the resurrection of Lazarus (part 4, ch. 4). Sonya believes in the Providence of God. When Raskolnikov invites her to answer who is better to die - Luzhin or Katerina Ivanovna - she firmly answers: “But I can’t know God’s Providence ... And why do you ask, what you can’t ask? Why such empty questions? How can it happen that it depends on my decision? And who put me here as a judge: who will live, who will not live? (6, 313). Raskolnikov is drawn to Sonya, he wants to hear how she reads the Gospel. In reading the Gospel, Sonya's voice is strengthened and ringing, filled with strength. In the preparatory materials for the novel, Dostoevsky often writes about the prayer that his mother taught the hero and which he continues to do: “I was about to rush to my knees to pray, but I jumped up and began to dress” (7, 13); “But a minute later my chest began to feel so tight that more than once, passing by St. Isaac's Cathedral, I mechanically crossed myself” (7, 34); “And then, when I become a noble, benefactor of all, a citizen, I will repent,” I prayed to Christ, lay down, and slept (7, 82); “(When Luzhin left). He drives them out, sleeps, in the evening he left like a madman, prayer ”(7, 92); “I, brother, I confess, I really liked it, Vasya, when you loudly said that you believe in God. You know, it’s still somehow embarrassing to admit it between ours, but still I pray at night, and even, you know, with the same words that my deceased mother taught me from the age of three. You know, you can pick up smarter words for prayer, but these are better” (7, 81). In the novel, the hero participates in a memorial service, recalls in his first dream about his Orthodox childhood, his mother asks him if he continues to pray.
3.What exit offers Raskolnikov Svidrigailov, Porfiry Petrovich, Sonya? What does “go to America” mean for Svidrigailov? (final break with everyone and everything, death). How do you understand the words of Porfiry Petrovich: "" (part 6, ch. 2)? What Orthodox symbolism is hidden behind the image of the Sun? Why does Sonya ask Raskolnikov to bow to the earth and publicly repent?
5. Who becomes another victim of Raskolnikov? Why? (about mother's love)
6. What justifies the human court of Raskolnikov? (helping neighbor)
7. How does the theme of the Last Judgment sound in Raskolnikov's dream? The Revelation of John the Theologian speaks of the cup of the wrath of the Lord, which will be poured out on the earth - “And a hail, the size of a talent, fell from heaven on people; and the people blasphemed God for the plagues from the hail, because the ulcer from it was very heavy” (16, 21). In the work of Tikhon Zadonsky, which Dostoevsky read, “A Spiritual Treasure Collected from the World,” it is written: “A pestilence ulcer in a single person first conceives, then the whole house, and from that the whole city or village, and then the whole country becomes infected and dies, as we see: such a temptation in a single person begins, and then it passes to many ... We see this in the world, we see how they are infected with temptation from each other and die.
Why, in Raskolnikov's dream, do people obsessed with "trichins" not distinguish between good and evil? The destruction of the internal hierarchy of values in a person, the destruction of his integrity leads to internal chaos. Isaac Sirin, also read by Dostoevsky, writes about the spirit, soul and flesh of man. If the soul aspires to the flesh, it rejects itself from the Spirit, which can lead it to petrification. N.V. Gogol also wrote about this in Dead Souls and in Selected Places from Correspondence with Friends. He also proposed a way to restore a person, following the Church Fathers: the awakening of reason (consciousness, self-consciousness), reason (struggle against passions) and wisdom (in Christ).
- How does Raskolnikov's self-consciousness begin to awaken? He compares the attitude of the convicts towards himself with their attitude towards Sonya, thinks that the reason for their hostility is his unbelief, begins to fast along with everyone, understands that there is nothing to despise the common people for.
How is Raskolnikov's space expanding? “Is it really so much that one ray of the sun, a dense forest, somewhere in an unknown wilderness, a cold spring, marked from the third year and about a meeting with which the tramp dreams of, as of a meeting with his mistress, sees him in a dream, can really mean so much? green grass around him, a singing bird in the bush? (6, 418); “From the high bank, a wide neighborhood opened up. From the far other shore, a song was barely audible. There, in the boundless steppe drenched in the sun, nomadic yurts were blackened as barely perceptible dots. There was freedom and other people lived there, completely different from those here, it was as if time itself had stopped there, as if the centuries of Abraham and his flocks had not yet passed” (6, 421). Raskolnikov discovers for himself first the world below, then the world above, enters the biblical time. It is as if the words of Porfiry Petrovich that he would be “carried ashore” come true.
- When does Raskolnikov and Sonya meet after an illness? What happens to them? How does this scene compare with Sonya's reading of the Gospel in part 4 of ch. four? Raskolnikov falls at Sonya's feet and thereby expresses humility and love. The restoration of the “hidden man” in him begins.
In the drafts, the “main idea” of the novel is gradually formulated: “Life ended on the one hand, begins on the other. On the one hand, the funeral and the curse, on the other, the resurrection” (7, 138). Resurrection must begin with repentance (7, 139) and the awakening of self-consciousness, free will. Even in the first edition, Dostoevsky explains the hero's crime by the lack of freedom: "I had to do it (there is no free will. Fatalism)" (7, 81). In the second edition, this idea is developed: “What am I to be afraid of? I am the brick that fell on the old woman's head; I am the scaffolding that collapsed under it” (7, 128). By denying himself free will, the hero relieves himself of responsibility for the crime committed. The author's idea matures that, having passed the path of suffering, the hero acquires self-consciousness: “In the last chapter, in hard labor, he says that without this crime he would not have found in himself such questions, desires, feelings, needs, aspirations and development” (7, 140).
In the preparatory materials for the third edition of the novel Crimes and Punishments, Dostoevsky is looking for ways to restore a proud person: “A gloomy demon from which he cannot get rid of. Suddenly the determination to expose oneself, all the intrigue; repentance, humility, leaves, becomes a great ascetic, humility, thirst to endure suffering” (7, 156). The author’s thought is put into the mouth of the Son: “And you be meek, and you be meek - and conquer the whole world, there is no stronger sword than this” (7, 188). The author wants to make the last line of the novel the thought: “Inscrutable are the ways in which God finds man” (7, 203).
The meeting of Raskolnikov and Sonya takes place on the second week after Easter, on Fomin's week. The Apostle Thomas doubted the Resurrection of the Savior and wanted to be convinced of this by his own experience: Christ appeared to him, and he put his fingers into His wounds. You can talk about the icons "Assurance of Thomas" and "Descent into Hell".
Does the novel need an epilogue? V.V. Veresaev in "Living Life" doubted its necessity. Director Kulidzhanov refused an epilogue when staging the novel. What idea did he want to emphasize? Kulidzhanov: “The story of Raskolnikov seems to me the story of a man who tried to transcend the limit of what is permitted, morally possible, allegedly for the sake of “affirming his human personality” ... It is unworthy of a person to be a “trembling creature”. but you have to be Napoleon to own all this human "anthill", he believes. It is necessary to subjugate him to himself, and for this all means are not only permitted, but good ... But here it turns out that Raskolnikov does not assert his personality, but destroys it ”(“ Cinema Art . 1970. No. 8. P. 66).
Many trials await in a person's life. The path of destruction is also possible. What are the ways of human rebirth? What does Dostoevsky tell us about this in the novel Crime and Punishment? (independent writing in a notebook
)
Homework: write an essay on the topic:
1. Antipodes and "twins" of Raskolnikov.
2. Raskolnikov's theory and its failure.
3.Raskolnikov and Porfiry Petrovich.
4. Fathers and children in the novel "Crime and Punishment" by F.M. Dostoevsky.
5. Ways of Raskolnikov's revival.
Raskolnikov even shuddered.
“But who are you,” he cried, “what kind of a prophet are you?” From the height of what majestic calm do you utter wise prophecies to me?
- Who am I? I'm a finished man, nothing more. A person, perhaps, feeling and sympathizing, perhaps, someone who knows something, but completely finished. And you are another article: God has prepared life for you (and who knows, maybe it will only pass with smoke in you, nothing will happen). Well, why are you moving into a different category of people? Do not feel sorry for the comfort, you something with your heart? Well, what if no one sees you for too long? It's not about time, it's about you. Be the sun, everyone will see you. The sun must first be the sun. Why are you smiling again: why am I such a Schiller? And I bet, you suppose that I am now flattering you! Well, maybe I'll really flatter myself, heh! heh! heh! You, Rodion Romanych, don’t believe me at a word, perhaps, even never completely believe it - that’s my temper, I agree; I will only add this: how low a person I am and how honest I am, you yourself, it seems, can judge!
When are you thinking of arresting me?
- Yes, a day and a half or two, I can still give you a walk. Think, my dear, pray to God. Yes, and more profitable, by God, more profitable.
- Well, how can I run away? Raskolnikov asked with a strange grin.
No, don't run away. A peasant will run away, a fashionable sectarian will run away - a lackey of someone else's thought - because he only needs to show the tip of his finger, like midshipman Dyrka, so he will believe in whatever you want for the rest of his life. But you don't believe your theory any more - what will you run away with? And why are you on the run? On the run, it's disgusting and difficult, but first of all, you need a life and a certain position, corresponding to the air, but is the air yours there? Run away and come back. You can't do without us. But if I put you in a prison castle - well, sit for a month, well, two, well, three, and then suddenly, mark my words, you yourself will appear, and even as, perhaps, unexpectedly to yourself. You yourself will not know for an hour that you will come with a confession. I’m even sure that you “think of accepting suffering”; don't take my word for it now, but stop there yourself. Because suffering, Rodion Romanych, is a great thing; you do not look at the fact that I have grown fat, there is no need, but I know; don't laugh at it, there is an idea in suffering. Mikolka is right. No, don't run away, Rodion Romanych.
Raskolnikov got up and took his cap. Porfiry Petrovich also got up.
- Are you going for a walk? The evening would be fine, but there would be no thunderstorms. And yet, it’s even better if it’s refreshed ...
He, too, took up his cap.
“You, Porfiry Petrovich, please don’t take it into your head,” Raskolnikov said with stern insistence, “that I confessed to you today. You are a strange person, and I listened to you out of curiosity alone. And I didn’t confess anything to you ... Remember this.
- Well, yes, I know, I'll remember - you see, it even trembles. Don't worry, my dear; your will be done. Walk a little; but you can't walk too much. Just in case, I also have a request for you,” he added, lowering his voice, “it’s ticklish, but important: if, that is, just in case (which, however, I don’t believe and consider you completely incapable), if just in case—well, just in case—would you have a desire in these forty or fifty hours to somehow end the matter in a different way, in a fantastic way—raise your hands that way (an absurd assumption, well, you’ll forgive me for it) then leave a short but detailed note. So, two lines, only two lines, and mention the stone: it will be more noble, sir. Well, goodbye ... Good thoughts, good undertakings!
Porfiry went out, somehow bending over and, as it were, avoiding looking at Raskolnikov. Raskolnikov went to the window and, with irritable impatience, waited for the time when, according to the calculation, he would go out into the street and move away. Then he hurried out of the room himself.
III
He hurried to Svidrigailov. What he could hope for from this man - he himself did not know. But this man held some kind of power over him. Having realized this once, he could no longer calm down, and now, besides, the time had come.
Dear one question especially tormented him: was Svidrigailov with Porfiry?
How much he could judge and what he would have sworn in - no, he was not! He thought again and again, recalled Porfiry's entire visit, realized: no, he hadn't been, of course he hadn't been!
But if he has not been yet, will he go or not go to Porfiry?
Now, for the time being, it seemed to him that he would not go. Why? He could not explain this either, but if he could explain it, he would not worry too much about it now. All this tormented him, and at the same time he was somehow not up to it. Strange thing, no one would perhaps have believed this, but he somehow weakly, absent-mindedly cared about his present, immediate fate. He was tormented by something else, much more important, extraordinary—about himself and no one else, but something else, something more important. In addition, he felt an infinite moral fatigue, although his mind was working better that morning than in all these past days.
And was it really worth it now, after everything that had happened, to try to overcome all these new miserable difficulties? Was it worth it, for example, to try to intrigue so that Svidrigailov would not go to Porfiry; study, find out, waste time on some Svidrigailov!
Oh, how tired he was of all this!
And meanwhile he still hastened to Svidrigailov; didn't he expect anything from him new instructions, exit? And they are grasping at straws! Is it not fate, is it not some instinct that brings them together? Maybe it was only weariness, despair; perhaps it was not Svidrigailov who was needed, but someone else, and Svidrigailov turned up just like that. Sonya? And why would he go now to Sonya? Ask her for her tears again? Yes, and Sonya was terrible to him. Sonya represented an inexorable sentence, a decision without change. Here - either her road, or his. Especially at that moment he was unable to see her. No, wouldn't it be better to test Svidrigailov: what is it? And he could not help confessing inside that he really needed that one for something.
- I don't care! You have lost faith and think that I am grossly flattering you; how much have you lived yet? How much do you understand? I invented the theory, and I felt ashamed that it broke, which turned out to be very unoriginal! It turned out vile, it's true, but you're still not a hopeless scoundrel. Not such a scoundrel at all! At least, he didn’t fool himself for a long time, he reached the last pillars at once. Whom do I consider you? I regard you as one of those whose guts you cut out, and he will stand and look at the tormentors with a smile - if only he finds faith or God. Well, and find, and you will live. First of all, you need to change the air for a long time. Well, suffering is also a good thing. suffer. Mikolka, perhaps, is right that he wants suffering. I know that it is not believed, but you do not philosophize slyly; surrender to life directly, without reasoning; don't worry, it will carry you right to the shore and put you on your feet. Which coast? How do I know? I only believe that you still have a lot to live. I know that you now accept my words as a race memorized; yes, maybe later remember, it will come in handy someday; that's why I'm talking. It's also good that you just killed the old woman. And if you came up with another theory, then, perhaps, you would have done a hundred million times more ugly thing! Also God, maybe we should thank; how do you know: maybe God is protecting you for what. And you have a great heart and be less afraid. Have you been scared of the great upcoming performance? No, it's a shame to be a coward. If you have taken such a step, so be strong. There's justice here. Do what justice demands. I know that you do not believe, but by God, life will endure. Fall in love with yourself afterwards. All you need now is air, air, air!
Raskolnikov even shuddered. “But who are you,” he cried, “what kind of a prophet are you?” From the height of what majestic calm do you utter wise prophecies to me?
- Who am I? I'm a finished man, nothing more. A person, perhaps, feeling and sympathizing, perhaps, someone who knows something, but completely finished. And you are another article: God has prepared life for you (and who knows, maybe it will only pass with smoke in you, nothing will happen). Well, why are you moving into a different category of people? Do not feel sorry for the comfort, you, with your heart? Well, what if no one sees you for too long? It's not about time, it's about you. Be the sun, everyone will see you. The sun must first be the sun. Why are you smiling again: why am I such a Schiller? And I bet, you suppose that I am now flattering you! And well, maybe I really will flatter myself, he-he-he! You, Rodion Romanych, don’t believe me at a word, perhaps, even never completely believe it - that’s my temper, I agree; I will only add this: how low a person I am and how honest I am, you yourself, it seems, can judge!
When are you thinking of arresting me?
- Yes, a day and a half or two I can still give you a walk. Think, my dear, pray to God. Yes, and more profitable, by God, more profitable.
- Well, how can I run away? Raskolnikov asked with a strange smile.No, don't run away. A peasant will run away, a fashionable sectarian will run away - a lackey of someone else's thought - therefore, just show him the tip of his finger, like midshipman Dyrka, so he will believe whatever you want for the rest of his life. But you don't believe your theory any more - what will you run away with? And why are you on the run? It is disgusting and difficult on the run, but you first of all need a life and a certain position, corresponding to the air; Well, is your air there? Run away and come back. You can't do without us. But if I put you in a prison castle - well, sit for a month, well, two, well, three, and then all of a sudden, mark my words, you yourself will appear, and even as, perhaps, unexpectedly to yourself. You yourself will not know for an hour that you will come with a confession. I’m even sure that you “think of accepting suffering”; don't take my word for it now, but stop there yourself. Because suffering, Rodion Romanych, is a great thing; you do not look at the fact that I have grown fat, there is no need, but I know; don't laugh at it, there is an idea in suffering. Mikolka is right. No, don't run away, Rodion Romanych.
