Nikolai Vasilievich Gogol was born on March 20 (April 1), 1809 in Sorochintsy near the Psel River, on the border of Poltava and Mirgorod districts (Poltava province). The future writer was born in the house of a local doctor M. Ya. Trokhimovsky. Now this place is the Literary and Memorial Museum of N.V. Gogol.
The history of the museum began in 1909, when on April 19, a rally of the village community was held near Trokhimovsky's house. During it, a board was attached to the front of the house, framed by a wreath of oak leaves, with the inscription "Here in 1809 Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol was born."
On August 28, 1911, the grand opening of the monument to the great writer took place in the center of the village. On the idea of People's Artist Ambrose Buchma and on the initiative of local activists, in the year of the 120th anniversary of the birth of Gogol (1929), the Veliko Sorochinsk Literary and Memorial Museum of N. V. Gogol was founded. Residents of villages and cities of Ukraine and Russia, where Gogol lived or stayed, responded to this event. Many valuable materials came from Moscow, Leningrad, Kyiv, Nezhin. The museum was constantly enriched with new exhibits about the life and work of Gogol, his era. It was the first and only Gogol museum in the Soviet Union. But in 1943, retreating, the Germans destroyed the museum, many valuable exhibits were irretrievably lost.
On January 14, 1951, in Velikie Sorochintsy, the grand opening of a new literary and memorial museum of N. V. Gogol, designed by the Poltava architect P. P. Chernikhovets, took place.
The list is not yet complete, since it only includes questions from tickets for a general education school or a basic level (and did not include, respectively, an in-depth study or a profile level and a national school).
"The Life of Boris and Gleb" late XI - early. 12th century
"The Tale of Igor's Campaign", late 12th century.
W. Shakespeare - (1564 - 1616)
"Romeo and Juliet" 1592
J-B. Moliere - (1622 - 1673)
"The tradesman in the nobility" 1670
M.V. Lomonosov - (1711 - 1765)
DI. Fonvizin - (1745 - 1792)
"Undergrowth" 1782
A.N. Radishchev - (1749 - 1802)
G.R. Derzhavin - (1743 - 1816)
N.M. Karamzin - (1766 - 1826)
"Poor Liza" 1792
J. G. Byron - (1788 - 1824)
I.A. Krylov - (1769 - 1844)
"Wolf in the kennel" 1812
V.A. Zhukovsky - (1783 - 1852)
"Svetlana" 1812
A.S. Griboyedov - (1795 - 1829)
"Woe from Wit" 1824
A.S. Pushkin - (1799 - 1837)
"Tales of Belkin" 1829-1830
"Shot" 1829
"Stationmaster" 1829
"Dubrovsky" 1833
"The Bronze Horseman" 1833
"Eugene Onegin" 1823-1838
"The Captain's Daughter" 1836
A.V. Koltsov - (1808 - 1842)
M.Yu. Lermontov - (1814 - 1841)
"A song about Tsar Ivan Vasilyevich, a young guardsman and a daring merchant Kalashnikov." 1837
"Borodino" 1837
"Mtsyri" 1839
"Hero of our time" 1840
"Farewell, unwashed Russia" 1841
"Motherland" 1841
N.V. Gogol - (1809 - 1852)
"Evenings on a farm near Dikanka" 1829-1832
"Inspector" 1836
"Overcoat" 1839
"Taras Bulba" 1833-1842
"Dead souls" 1842
I.S. Nikitin - (1824 - 1861)
F.I. Tyutchev - (1803 - 1873)
"There is in the autumn of the original ..." 1857
I.A. Goncharov - (1812 - 1891)
"Oblomov" 1859
I.S. Turgenev - (1818 - 1883)
"Bezhin Meadow" 1851
"Asya" 1857
"Fathers and Sons" 1862
"Schi" 1878
ON THE. Nekrasov - (1821 - 1878)
"Railroad" 1864
"To whom in Rus' it is good to live" 1873-76
F.M. Dostoevsky - (1821 - 1881)
"Crime and Punishment" 1866
"Christ's boy on the Christmas tree" 1876
A.N. Ostrovsky - (1823 - 1886)
"Own people - let's settle!" 1849
"Thunderstorm" 1860
A.A. Fet - (1820 - 1892)
M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin - (1826-1889)
"Wild landowner" 1869
"The Tale of How One Man Feeded Two Generals" 1869
"The wise minnow" 1883
"Bear in the province" 1884
N.S. Leskov - (1831 - 1895)
"Lefty" 1881
L.N. Tolstoy - (1828 - 1910)
"War and Peace" 1867-1869
"After the ball" 1903
A.P. Chekhov - (1860 - 1904)
"Death of an official" 1883
"Ionych" 1898
"The Cherry Orchard" 1903
M. Gorky - (1868 - 1936)
"Makar Chudra" 1892
"Chelkash" 1894
"Old Woman Izergil" 1895
"At the bottom" 1902
A.A. Block - (1880 - 1921)
"Poems about a beautiful lady" 1904
"Russia" 1908
cycle "Motherland" 1907-1916
"Twelve" 1918
S.A. Yesenin - (1895 - 1925)
"I don't regret, I don't call, I don't cry..." 1921
V.V. Mayakovsky (1893 - 1930)
"Good attitude towards horses" 1918
A.S. Green - (1880 - 1932)
A.I. Kuprin - (1870 - 1938)
I.A. Bunin - (1879 - 1953)
O.E. Mandelstam - (1891 - 1938)
M.A. Bulgakov - (1891 - 1940)
"White Guard" 1922-1924
"Dog Heart" 1925
"Master and Margarita" 1928-1940
M.I. Tsvetaeva - (1892 - 1941)
A.P. Platonov - (1899 - 1951)
B.L. Pasternak - (1890-1960)
"Doctor Zhivago" 1955
A.A. Akhmatova - (1889 - 1966)
"Requiem" 1935-40
K.G. Paustovsky - (1892 - 1968)
"Telegram" 1946
M.A. Sholokhov - (1905 - 1984)
"Quiet Don" 1927-28
"Virgin Soil Upturned" t1-1932, t2-1959)
"The fate of man" 1956
A.T. Tvardovsky - (1910 - 1971)
"Vasily Terkin" 1941-1945
V.M. Shukshin - (1929 - 1974)
V.P. Astafiev - (1924 - 2001)
A.I. Solzhenitsyn - (born 1918)
"Matrenin yard" 1961
V.G. Rasputin - (born 1937)
The idea of protecting the Russian land in the works of oral folk art (fairy tales, epics, songs).
Creativity of one of the poets of the Silver Age.
The originality of the artistic world of one of the poets of the Silver Age (on the example of 2–3 poems at the choice of the examinee).
The Great Patriotic War in Russian prose. (On the example of one work.)
The feat of man in the war. (According to one of the works about the Great Patriotic War.)
The theme of the Great Patriotic War in the prose of the twentieth century. (On the example of one work.)
Military theme in modern literature. (On the example of one or two works.)
What is your favorite poet in Russian literature of the 20th century? Reading by heart his poems.
Russian poets of the XX century about the spiritual beauty of man. Reading one poem by heart.
Features of the work of one of the modern domestic poets of the second half of the twentieth century. (at the choice of the examiner).
Your favorite poems of contemporary poets. Reading one poem by heart.
Your favorite poet Reading by heart one of the poems.
The theme of love in modern poetry. Reading one poem by heart.
Man and nature in Russian prose of the XX century. (On the example of one work.)
Man and nature in modern literature. (On the example of one or two works.)
Man and nature in Russian poetry of the XX century. Reading one poem by heart.
What is your favorite literary character?
Review of the book of a modern writer: impressions and evaluation.
One of the works of modern literature: impressions and evaluation.
The book of a modern writer, read by you. Your impressions and rating.
Your peer in modern literature. (According to one or more works.)
What is your favorite piece of contemporary literature?
Moral problems of modern Russian prose (on the example of a work of the examinee's choice).
The main themes and ideas of modern journalism. (On the example of one or two works.)
Heroes and problems of one of the works of modern domestic drama in the second half of the twentieth century. (at the choice of the examiner).
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Writers and poets of the 19th century 1. Aksakov S.T. 2. Ershov P.P. 3. Zhukovsky V.A. 4. Koltsov A.V. 5. Krylov I.A. 6. Lermontov M.Yu. 7. Marshak S.Ya. 8. Nekrasov N.A. 9. Nikitin I.S. 10. Prishvin M.M. 11. Pushkin A.S. 12. Tolstoy L.N. 13. Tolstoy A.K. 14. Tyutchev F.I. 15. Ushinsky K.D. 16. Fet A.A. 17. Chekhov A.P. Svetlana Alexandrovna Lyalina, primary school teacher, Kulebaki, Nizhny Novgorod Region
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Sergei Trofimovich Aksakov Famous Russian writer. Born into a noble family of the famous family of Shimon. Love for nature - the future writer inherited from his father. Peasant labor aroused in him not only compassion, but also respect. His book "Family Chronicle" was continued in the "Childhood of Bagrov's grandson". Manor in Orenburg Museum Svetlana Aleksandrovna Lyalina, primary school teacher, Kulebaki, Nizhny Novgorod region
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Pyotr Pavlovich Ershov Born March 6, 1815 in the Tobolsk province in the family of an official. Russian poet, writer, playwright. He was the initiator of the creation of an amateur gymnasium theater. He was directing in the theatre. Wrote several plays for the theatre: Rural Holiday, Suvorov and the Stationmaster. Ershov became famous for his fairy tale "The Little Humpbacked Horse" Svetlana Aleksandrovna Lyalina, primary school teacher, Kulebaki, Nizhny Novgorod Region
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Vasily Andreevich Zhukovsky Born on January 29 in the village of Mishenskoye, Tula province. Father, Afanasy Ivanovich Bunin, landowner, owner of the village. Mishensky; mother, Turkish Salha, came to Russia among the prisoners. At the age of 14, he was taken to Moscow and sent to the Noble boarding school. I lived and studied there for 3 years. Studied Russian and foreign literature. In 1812 he was in Borodino, wrote about the heroes of the battle. His books: A boy with a finger, There is no dearer native sky, Lark. Svetlana Alexandrovna Lyalina, primary school teacher, Kulebaki, Nizhny Novgorod Region
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Alexey Vasilyevich Koltsov A.V. Koltsov is a Russian poet. Born October 15, 1809 in Voronezh, in a merchant family. The father was a merchant. Aleksey Koltsov penetrated from the inside into a variety of economic concerns of the villager: gardening and arable farming, cattle breeding and forestry. In the gifted, receptive nature of the boy, such a life brought up the breadth of the soul and the versatility of interests, direct knowledge of village life, peasant labor and folk culture. From the age of nine, Koltsov learned to read and write at home and showed such outstanding abilities that in 1820 he was able to enter the county school, bypassing the parish. He started writing at the age of 16. He wrote a lot about work, land, nature: Kosar, Harvest, etc. Svetlana Alexandrovna Lyalina, primary school teacher, Kulebaki, Nizhny Novgorod region
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Ivan Andreevich Krylov I.A. Krylov is a great fabulist. Born February 2, 1769 in Moscow in the family of a poor army captain, who received the rank of officer only after thirteen years of military service. Krylov was 10 years old when his father died and he had to work. Russian writer, fabulist, academician of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences. In St. Petersburg, in the Summer Garden, there is a bronze monument, where the fabulist is surrounded by animals. His works: Swan, Pike and Cancer. Chizh and Dove. A Crow and a fox. antique book Svetlana Alexandrovna Lyalina, primary school teacher, Kulebaki, Nizhny Novgorod region
Slide 7
Mikhail Yuryevich Lermontov Svetlana Aleksandrovna Lyalina, primary school teacher, Kulebaki, Nizhny Novgorod region Arsenyeva. Lermontov's childhood passed in the estate of Arsenyeva "Tarkhany" in the Penza province. The boy received a metropolitan home education, from childhood he was fluent in French and German. In the summer of 1825, Lermontov's grandmother took him to the Caucasus; childhood impressions of the Caucasian nature and the life of the mountain peoples remained in his early work. Then the family moved to Moscow and Lermontov was enrolled in the 4th grade of the Moscow University Noble Boarding School, where he received a liberal arts education.
Slide 8
Samuil Yakovlevich Marshak S.Ya. Marshak is a Russian poet. Born October 22, 1887 in Voronezh in the family of a factory technician, a talented inventor. At the age of 4 he wrote poetry himself. Good translator from English, Russian poet. Marshak was familiar with M. Gorky. He studied in England at the University of London. During the holidays, I traveled a lot on foot in England, listening to English folk songs. Even then he began to work on translations of English works. , Svetlana Aleksandrovna Lyalina, primary school teacher, Kulebaki, Nizhny Novgorod region
Slide 9
Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov Svetlana Alexandrovna Lyalina, primary school teacher, Kulebaki, Nizhny Novgorod Region Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov is a famous Russian poet. He came from a noble, once rich family. Born November 22, 1821 in the Podolsk province. Nekrasov had 13 brothers and sisters. All the childhood and youth of the poet passed in the family estate of Nekrasov, the village of Greshnev, Yaroslavl province, on the banks of the Volga. He saw the hard work of people. They pulled barges across the water. He devoted many poems to the lives of people in Tsarist Russia: Green Noise, Nightingales, Peasant Children, Grandfather Mazai and Hares, Motherland, etc.
Slide 10
Ivan Savvich Nikitin Russian poet, was born in Voronezh in the family of a wealthy merchant, owner of a candle factory. Nikitin studied at the theological school, at the seminary. He dreamed of graduating from the university, but the family went bankrupt. Ivan Savvich continued his education himself. He composed poems: Rus', Morning, Meeting of winter, Swallow's nest, Grandfather. Svetlana Alexandrovna Lyalina, primary school teacher, Kulebaki, Nizhny Novgorod Region Monument to Nikitin I.S.
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Mikhail Mikhailovich Prishvin Mikhail Mikhailovich Prishvin was born on January 23, 1873 in the Oryol province near Yelets. Prishvin's father is from a native merchant family of the city of Yelets. Mikhail Mikhailovich is educated as an agronomist, writes a scientific book about potatoes. Later he leaves for the North to collect folklore from folk life. He loved nature very much. He knew well the life of the forest, its inhabitants. He knew how to convey his feelings to readers. He wrote: Protecting nature means protecting the Motherland! His books: Children and ducklings, Pantry of the sun, Calendar of nature, etc. Svetlana Alexandrovna Lyalina, primary school teacher, Kulebaki, Nizhny Novgorod region
slide 12
Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin was born on June 6, 1799 in Moscow. His father, Sergei Lvovich, came from a wealthy family, but little came to Pushkin from the estates of his ancestors (in the Nizhny Novgorod province). Pushkin spent his childhood in Moscow, leaving for the summer in the Zakharovo district, in the grandmother's estate near Moscow. In addition to Alexander, the Pushkins had children, the eldest daughter Olga and the youngest son Leo. Little Sasha grew up under the supervision of the nanny Arina Rodionovna. He loved nature and his homeland very much. He wrote many poems and fairy tales. Svetlana Alexandrovna Lyalina, primary school teacher, Kulebaki, Nizhny Novgorod Region
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Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy Lev Nikolaevich is a great Russian writer. He wrote the first ABC for children and four Russian books for reading. He opened a school in Yasnaya Polyana and taught children himself. He worked hard and loved work. He himself plowed the land, mowed the grass, sewed boots, built huts. His works: Stories about children, Toddlers, Filipok, Shark, Kitten, Lion and dog, Swans, Old grandfather and granddaughters. House in Yasnaya Polyana Svetlana Alexandrovna Lyalina, primary school teacher, Kulebaki, Nizhny Novgorod Region
Slide 14
Alexei Konstantinovich Tolstoy Svetlana Alexandrovna Lyalina, primary school teacher, Kulebaki, Nizhny Novgorod region A.K. Tolstoy was born in St. Petersburg, and the future poet spent his childhood in Ukraine, on his uncle's estate. As a teenager, Tolstoy traveled abroad, to Germany and Italy. In 1834 Tolstoy was assigned as a "student" to the Moscow archives of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Since 1837 he served in the Russian mission in Germany, in 1840. received service in St. Petersburg at the royal court. In 1843 - the court rank of chamber junker. During Tolstoy's lifetime, the only collection of his poems was published (1867). Poems: The last snow is melting, Cranes, Forest Lake, autumn, etc.
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Fedor Ivanovich Tyutchev Fedor Ivanovich - Russian poet, diplomat. Born on November 23, 1803 in the Oryol province in the village of Ovstug. I was educated at home as a child. His teacher was Semyon Yegorovich Raich, who instilled a love for nature. At the age of 15, Fedor Ivanovich was a student at Moscow University. He wrote a lot about Russian nature: Spring waters, In an enchanting winter, I love a thunderstorm in early May, Leaves, There are in the original autumn. On July 15, 1873, Tyutchev died in the royal village. Svetlana Alexandrovna Lyalina, primary school teacher, Kulebaki, Nizhny Novgorod Region Estate MuseumF. I. Tyutchev in the village of Ovstug.
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Konstantin Dmitrievich Ushinsky Konstantin Dmitrievich Ushinsky was born on February 19, 1824 in Tula in the family of Dmitry Grigorievich Ushinsky, a retired officer, a small estate nobleman. The mother of Konstantin Dmitrievich - Lyubov Stepanovna died when he was 12 years old. Konstantin Dmitrievich was a teacher, he created books himself. He called them Children's World and Rodnoe Slovo. He taught me to love his native people and nature. His works: Learned Bear, Four Wishes, Geese and Cranes, Eagle, How a shirt grew in a field. Svetlana Alexandrovna Lyalina, primary school teacher, Kulebaki, Nizhny Novgorod Region
Slide 17
Afanasy Afanasyevich Fet Afanasy Afanasyevich - Russian lyric poet, translator. Born in the estate of Novoselki, Oryol province. Since childhood, he loved the poems of A.S. Pushkin. At the age of 14, he was taken to study in St. Petersburg. He showed his poems to Gogol. In 1840 the first book was printed. His poems: A wonderful picture, Swallows are gone, Spring rain. For the last 19 years of his life, he officially bore the surname Shenshin. Svetlana Alexandrovna Lyalina, primary school teacher, Kulebaki, Nizhny Novgorod Region
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Anton Pavlovich Chekhov Svetlana Alexandrovna Lyalina, primary school teacher, Kulebaki, Nizhny Novgorod Region Anton Pavlovich Chekhov is an outstanding Russian writer, playwright, doctor by profession. Born January 17, 1860 in Taganrog, Yekaterinoslav province. Anton's early childhood passed in endless church holidays, name days. On weekdays, after school, he guarded his father's shop, and at 5 in the morning he got up every day to sing in the church choir. First, Chekhov studied at the Greek school in Taganrog. At the age of 8, after two years of study, Chekhov entered the Taganrog gymnasium. In 1879 he graduated from the gymnasium in Taganrog. In the same year, he moved to Moscow and entered the medical faculty of Moscow University, where he studied with famous professors: Nikolai Sklifosovsky, Grigory Zakharyin and others. His works: Beloloby, Kashtanka, Spring, Spring waters, etc.
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Gogol, Dostoevsky, Pushkin - the works of all these writers and poets are studied in schools, they are considered great. However, during their lifetime, not all of them could boast of worldwide fame and high income. We learned how much the nineteenth century writers received and what kind of life they could afford with this money.
Nikolay Gogol
Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol often wrote letters from St. Petersburg to his mother. In December 1829, he sent her a report on his expenses in St. Petersburg. The writer spent more than a hundred rubles a month, receiving as an official only four hundred rubles a year. It is clear from the report that without the help of his mother, Gogol would not have survived in the big city.
- Living here is not quite like a pig, that is, having cabbage soup and porridge once a day is incomparably more expensive than thought. We pay eighty rubles a month for an apartment, for walls, firewood and water only. It consists of two small rooms and the right to use the master's kitchen. Food supplies are not cheap either,” he wrote to his mother.
Alexander Pushkin
Alexander Sergeevich received his first fee of 1,500 rubles for the poem Ruslan and Lyudmila. With each subsequent work, the poet's earnings increased. For "Eugene Onegin" he received 5400 rubles, and for a collection of poems eight thousand rubles.
The poet did not deny himself anything, at first he rented a nine-room apartment near the English Embankment in St. Petersburg for 2,500 rubles a year, then he moved to twelve rooms for 3,300 rubles a year. In recent years, the Pushkin family lived in the mezzanine of a house on the Moika for 4,300 rubles a year. He spent 3,500 rubles a year on food and maintenance of servants and 3,600 rubles a year for four horses. For all 17 years of literary activity, he earned almost 23 million rubles in modern money. If Pushkin lived now, he would receive 112 thousand rubles a month.
Mikhail Lermontov
When the noble family of the Lermontovs fell into decline, the writer was saved by his fees. They were relatively small, but sufficient for the life of a nobleman. For example, for the "Hero of Our Time" Lermontov received 1,500 rubles.
Fedor Dostoevsky
During his lifetime, Fedor Mikhailovich was not recognized as a writer of world significance. His fees were small compared to many other writers. For example, for "The Idiot" he received 7,000 rubles. A lot of money, but not enough to buy your own house.
Ivan Turgenev
Ivan Sergeevich lived either in Russia or abroad: he was a frequent visitor to Paris, Germany, Austria and Italy. However, the writer always returned to his homeland: to the hereditary estate of Spasskoe-Lutovinovo, 10 km from Mtsensk, Oryol province.
On average, Ivan Sergeevich earned about 4,000 rubles per work. The cult novel "Fathers and Sons" brought Turgenev 4,775 rubles. According to researchers, this amount would be enough for 30 carts, a box of Bohemian glass, one hundred double blankets and a whole wardrobe of clothes.
Lev Tolstoy
One of the richest writers of that time was Leo Tolstoy. For example, for "Anna Karenina" he received a huge fee - 20 thousand rubles. With this money it was possible to buy a house in Moscow, an oak grove in Ryazan and all the necessary furniture.
For one of the subsequent novels, Resurrection, the writer received 21,915 rubles, which would allow him to buy another large house and live in it without denying himself anything.