Psychologists have long proved that drawing not only has a positive effect on the development of fantasy and imagination in a child, but also helps to learn to think, develops speech, fine motor skills, and coordination of movements. And those parents who have ever contacted a psychologist with their baby have probably noticed that the specialist first of all asks him to draw a picture - his family, friends or himself. Based on such a drawing, you can learn a lot about the inner world of the child, about what kind of relationship he has with other family members and with the children's team.
Starting to engage in drawing with the baby, parents usually rely only on the fact that he will be busy with creativity, learn to draw various objects or plots on paper. But the earlier creative classes are started, the more developed the child will be by the time they enter school. And at preschool age, the results of creative development become clearly visible. For children 6-7 years old, drawing is not only fun, but also a way to improve their creative and intellectual skills.
A preschooler thinks figuratively, therefore, the more he draws and creates new images, the better he develops intellectually and psychologically. In the process of creative activity, the child develops creativity, learns to create many new images, change details at will, associate his masterpieces with objects, animals, people. By the way, such a game of association perfectly trains fantasy, mind, thinking and replaces even the most modern methods of developing a preschooler.
What skills do drawing develop in children?
Fantasy and imagination
Drawing for children 6 years and older is a great opportunity to develop imagination, that is, the ability to create images in your mind and transfer them to paper. And the more time a little artist devotes to drawing, the better his imagination will be developed.
Of course, the image invented and transferred to paper cannot convey everything that the child saw mentally, so he begins to fantasize, invent his own story based on the resulting image. The task of parents is to carefully listen to his story about the drawing, fantasize with him and stimulate his imagination.
Subsequently, this will help him make plans for the future, imagine his life in a few years, invent and design something new.
Speech development
Most often, a young artist, even before he starts drawing, talks about what he wants to depict on a piece of paper, reveals the plot of the future picture. And while drawing, he often speaks aloud his actions, talks about what he is depicting at the moment. All this contributes to the development of his speech, vocabulary replenishment. Parents should keep in touch with the child, be interested in the plot of his picture, ask him to tell in more detail about what he wanted to draw, ask leading questions, and discuss the finished work.
Perception of the surrounding world
The perception of the surrounding world in a child of 5-7 years is not yet as perfect as in an adult. Drawing stimulates the development of perception, makes you study new objects for the image in the picture, discover in them some new qualities that previously remained invisible.
The complexity of drawing for a child of 6 years and older can be very diverse, depending on his skills. A preschooler can be asked to portray the characters of a familiar fairy tale, cartoon characters, or, for example, the underwater world or space - the way the child imagines it. In the process of creative activity, the artist is unobtrusively given new knowledge related to the subject of the drawing.
Drawing techniques for a child 5-7 years old
Drawing is not only creating an image with paints or colored pencils. A young artist can also master other drawing techniques using:
Paints do not have to be applied to paper with a brush; your own fingers, foam rubber sponges, cotton swabs and many other tools are quite suitable for this. Each drawing technique teaches certain skills, something is more difficult for a child, and something is easier.
Parents need to understand that preschoolers love to draw when they can. You can discourage a novice artist from creating for a long time if you constantly criticize him or force him to use a drawing technique he doesn’t like. Failures cause disappointment and disappointment in a preschooler.
When choosing a technique for creating drawings for children of 6-7 years old, it must be borne in mind that the use of paints, crayons, pencils requires certain skills, therefore, at the first stages of creativity, it is better to choose what will be easier for the child.
For example, when drawing with pencils, felt-tip pens or colored crayons, a small artist must make certain efforts, and the resulting drawing may differ significantly from what was originally intended.
Development of drawing talent in a child
Having noticed a child’s craving for drawing, parents should think about developing his abilities: enroll in an art school, an appropriate circle, or even turn to a private teacher who offers individual training.
But experts recommend enrolling a preschooler in specialized institutions only if he attends classes with pleasure. And if the child does not aspire to go to art school, or parents prefer to temporarily postpone education, it is quite possible to develop the talent of a preschooler on their own.
Step by step drawing for children from 6 years old
- How to draw a dragon with a pencil.
- How to draw a pear with paints.
- Step by step drawing of animals.
When children learn to draw or improve their skills, adults should adhere to the following rules:
- Try not to save on materials, acquiring for your artist everything necessary for creativity: albums, sheets, brushes, paints, pencils of different hardness. The quality of materials and tools should also be good - there is nothing worse than drawing with pencils that scratch paper or felt-tip pens that dry out at the very beginning of the creative process. Show your child brushes of different thicknesses and softness, as each of them is able to transfer the image to the sheet in a completely different way.
- Create a comfortable corner for the child, to which he will have unhindered access at any time and where he can settle down for creativity. For children 7 years old, drawing is already quite a serious activity that may require solitude and concentration. Explain to them how to store paints, take care of brushes, tell them about what and where they can paint.
- Never, under any circumstances, criticize the work of a young artist. You can discuss certain flaws without speaking negatively about the drawing as a whole.
- Do not try to correct anything in the child's work on your own, it is better to give him advice, which he will use if he wishes.
Every parent can develop the talent of drawing in a child of 6-7 years old!
Drawing lesson "Storm at sea"
The lesson on the topic "The sea is worried" is designed for 3 training hours (1 hour of theory and 2 hours of practice).
Age: 7-8 years old.
THEORY (1 academic hour).
Target: to acquaint children with the concepts of "warm-coldness", "contrast", based on tables on color science and reproductions of paintings by I. Aivazovsky.
Tasks:
- introduce the work of the Russian artist I. Aivazovsky;
- to acquaint with the basics of color science, based on the heat-coldness tables;
- learn to identify contrasting combinations of warm and cold colors.
materials: reproductions of paintings by I. Aivazovsky, tables of warmth and coldness and a contrasting combination of warm and cold colors.
PRACTICE (2 training hours).
Target: create a plot composition using a contrasting combination of colors.
Tasks:
- teach: 1) using the teacher's demonstration, gradually build the composition of the drawing and work it out in color;
2) mix watercolor paints, getting shades of colors and use them in the drawing;
Materials and tools: watercolor sheet (A4), watercolor paints (24 colors), brushes (Squirrel No. 3 and No. 5), a jar of water, a napkin (paper or cotton), a watercolor palette.
Today we will talk with you about color, its characteristics, what contrast is, why and how it is used in painting. Let's get acquainted with reproductions of paintings by the great Russian artist Ivan Aivazovsky.
We have already said in previous lessons that all colors are divided into cold and warm. As we know, red, orange, yellow, green, cyan, indigo and violet make up the spectrum.
Warm colors: reds, yellows, oranges, and all others that contain at least a fraction of these colors.
Cool colors: blues, cyan, greens, blue-violet, blue-greens and colors that can be obtained by mixing with these colors.
Knowledge of the basics of color, the system of color constructions is necessary for the successful creative work of any novice artist.
It is important to know that each color has three main properties: hue (the color itself), saturation and lightness.
In color science, there are concepts of "lightness" and "color" contrast.
The phenomenon of color contrast lies in the fact that the color changes under the influence of other colors surrounding it, or under the influence of colors previously observed.
Complementary (or secondary) colors next to each other become brighter and more saturated. For example, a red tomato looks brighter next to parsley, and a purple eggplant next to a yellow turnip.
The contrast of blue and red is a prototype of the contrast of cold and warm colors.
We can say that contrast is one of the main techniques of artistic creativity.
Border contrast occurs at the borders of contact of adjacent colors.
- Guys, today in the lesson we will also get acquainted with the rules and techniques of composition, so that in the next lesson you can independently build the compositions of your paintings.
The methods of composition include: the transfer of rhythm, symmetry and asymmetry, the balance of the parts of the composition and the allocation of the plot-compositional center.
Rhythm is the alternation of any elements in a certain sequence.
Consider the example of I. Aivazovsky's painting "Among the Waves".
Here we see a vivid example of the rhythmic arrangement of sea waves. The artist arranged the waves in such a way that we get the impression of movement. And the center of the composition is a beam breaking through the clouds, illuminating the wave in the center of the picture. And we'll notice. What a contrast it makes with the dark waves in the background.
In the picture of the same author, The Ninth Wave, we again see a series, a rhythm of huge blue-green and yellow-green waves. The green of the waves creates a contrast with the dawn red-yellow sky.
In the center of the composition is the sun, which, as it were, breaks the veil of clouds. At the edge of the picture are people who managed to survive after the storm. They, in alliance with the sun, create a contrast with the raging sea. Victory over the elements is the plot of this composition. But how unusually the artist conveys the structure of the crest of the ninth wave - that same destructive ninth wave.
In general, in the work of I. Aivazovsky there are a number of paintings that personify the riot of the elements. Among them is the famous painting "Storm at Sea".
In the center of the composition are two boats. The rowers in the boats row against the waves. In the background is a shipwrecked ship. The dark gray coloring of the picture is flawless. The background and sky contrast with the blue waves in the foreground. Due to the contrast ratio, the foreground pulls forward, and the background goes even deeper.
I. Aivazovsky has paintings dedicated to our Black Sea. Among them are "Storm on the Black Sea" (or "Storm over Evpatoria") and "Storm on the Sea at Night".
In these paintings, you can observe the contrast of complementary colors (or the contrast of warm and cold).
PRACTICE
- Today, this knowledge will help us complete the plot composition on the theme "Storm at Sea". But first, I'll show you an example. Any work, whether pictorial or graphic, is carried out in several stages.
Stage 1 - composition in thin lines.
We outline the horizon line, the background is the mountains and the sun. We draw the horizon line above the middle so that the plane of the sea takes up more space. We draw the sun low above the horizon - sunset.
Stage 2 - the rhythm of the waves.
Since we need to depict a storm on the sea, the waves must be high and rhythmically located along the entire plane of the sea. The closer to us, the larger the waves, and the closer to the horizon, the smaller. This is the phenomenon of linear perspective.
Stage 3 - filling the sky plane.
For the sky, we choose shades of yellow (but not lemon), ocher and orange, available in our palette of colors. Remember that before we start filling, we need to mix the desired colors on the palette. Filling "by pouring color into color" is made from the top edge of the sheet from left to right to the horizon line. Alternately picking up the colors prepared on the palette with a brush - yellow, yellow with ocher and yellow with orange. After we fill to the horizon line, we collect the resulting drop with a dry brush.
Sun.
To fill the sun, we use the orange and red colors available in the palette of colors.
The background is mountains.
According to the law of aerial perspective, we use cold colors for the background - shades of purple and blue.
The sky is clouds.
During a storm, rain clouds form in the sky, which, thanks to air currents, can draw water from the sea into themselves, forming tornadoes. For clouds, we will use black, dark blue and dark blue paint. We prepare the paint on the palette and apply strokes of different colors.
Stage 4 - the plane of the sea.
For the waves we use blue, ultramarine, dark blue (blue + black) colors of watercolor and white gouache.
Let's start with the closest waves in the foreground. Alternately apply the colors pre-mixed on the palette (turquoise + blue, blue + ultramarine, ultramarine + black).
First we apply light, then penumbra and shadow of the wave.
Next, let the paint dry and, using white gouache, apply paint with the tip of the brush along the upper edge of the wave crest and along the lower edge, depicting splashes.
To depict the texture of the water of the raging sea, we draw longitudinal lines with white gouache with a thin brush.
Drawing master class for children 7 - 9 years old "Portrait of Autumn"
Sredina Olga Stanislavovna, teacher of the art studio MKOUDO, Yuryuzan Children's School of Art, Chelyabinsk region.Target:
- creation of creative, exhibition, competitive work
Tasks:
- teach how to work with gouache
- improve compositional skills
- develop the ability to convey mood in color
- cultivate a sense of beauty
- introduce the genres of painting
Materials:
Whatman, paper for watercolor or drawing (A3 format), gouache, palette, soft round brushes (pony, squirrel or kolinsky) No. 1-8
Introduction:
For inspiration, we looked at the floral portraits of Autumn
We will not draw this fairy-tale character in full growth. Let's focus on the face. We will learn to portray emotions.
Consider the various options for drawing hats.
Autumn is different: sunny and rainy, generous in the harvest of wild berries and mushrooms, vegetables and fruits. It happens and vice versa - sad, unfriendly, cold. How to convey this mood in the portrait of a fairy-tale character? With the help of facial expressions.
You can depict Autumn in a kokoshnik, in a hat, in a wreath, draw strands of hair fluttering under the gusts of wind. A hairstyle can be a sheaf of ears, a pile of leaves, streams of rain. Earrings in the ears - autumn leaves or berries are very suitable for Autumn. There are many options.
EXPLANATION:
Pupils of the Children's Art School were presented with a choice of four options for the portrait of Autumn, made schematically (only a drawing). Everyone came up with color options and facial expressions of his character himself (you could combine, think out, change the proposed images in any way).
In order not to show four master classes, we will limit ourselves to two, but in pairs.
Progress:
1 option(two images: pensive and calm)
We draw an oval of the face, neck, shoulders.
We draw facial features: eyebrows, eyes, noses, mouths,
On one of the portraits we draw a hat, on the second - a wreath of leaves. On the first - the wind blows the hair, there are clouds in the sky, on the second there is no wind. Long, slightly wavy hair lies on the shoulders. There are earrings in the ears, jewelry on the hats, and a birch behind the back.
Let's start with color. We mix white and ocher, paint faces and necks, bypassing the eyes.
Paint the background with a big brush. Mixing blue and white color, create blue. Draw the pupils with a thin brush.
The next step is hair. Creating and using shades of yellow and orange. We are working on a palette.
With a thin ocher brush, we emphasize facial features (eyes, eyebrows, nose, chin). With a clean brush with water, blur them so that they are not too clear.
We color the hats and clothes so that the image is harmonious, the colors (at least some) are repeated.
Option 2
(two images: sad and cheerful)
Autumn is smiling, with rosy cheeks, in a hat with vegetables and fruits. She looks directly at the viewer. The second portrait is in a kokoshnik with patterns of leaves. Here, Autumn's eyes are downcast. The dress also features foliage.
We start working in color with the selection of body color. This time we add a little warm red to the white and ocher. We paint on each portrait both the face and the neck, circle without painting over the eyes.
Paint the background with a large brush (blue and green)
We paint fruits, leaves and hair with yellow shades and ocher.
We paint clothes and hats with shades of red.
With a thin brush, draw small details on clothes.
Draw, refine facial features.
Children's work
DSHI
Literary component:
Dmitry Orlov PORTRAIT OF AUTUMN
And again autumn portrait
Nature hangs in the living room
To the sounds of the crane's song,
Golden light under the leaves.
You will come to the familiar forest in the morning,
And autumn reigns there...
Well, what do we ask her?
She is so generous in the beginning!
She is veiled from the rain
We will not miss her arrival
And indulge in light sadness,
She couldn't find an explanation.
The rest of the summer heat
The winds are persistently blowing
And autumn dawned on the soul -
So fleeting and bright.
Tatyana Chepel Kosenkova
AUTUMN PORTRAIT
In shoes from the autumn chill
Quietly the lady steps into the yard,
Where fall leaves waltz again
And change trees dressing,
Where is September at the old gate
She puts a coat on her shoulders,
And the gloves will last October
To dress her hands in warmth,
Where will she sit on the bench
And the artist, opening his easel,
Draw - again for a penny,
This lady is an autumn portrait.
I haven't written anything on the blog for a long time. And, of course, there are reasons for this. Firstly, we began to actively engage in our workshop: we make wooden toys, children's decor, sometimes furniture, and of course, we take care of all organizational matters. It takes a lot of energy and almost all inspiration. Secondly, our girls have grown up and no longer fit into the format of thematic weeks, since most of the day they are in the kindergarten, where they study a lot, play and communicate with children. After the garden, I want to play with homemade toys, draw, walk, read fairy tales, watch movies with the whole family or bake cookies. Thirdly, we will soon go to school, but not to a simple one, but to a small and private one, which we organize ourselves;) We open in a month. If you are interested, you can read about our school at the link (text in Ukrainian). And this school takes the remaining inspiration and strength.
So, lesson 1. Aerial perspective.
Who is not an artist from the word at all - do not be afraid :) In fact, all this is very simple, interesting and exciting, but like everything else in the world, it has its own terminology, but the terms almost always sound scary (at least for me).
So what is “aerial perspective”?
This is when you look into the distance and what is closer to the horizon seems lighter, and what is closer to you has more saturated colors.
From the dictionary:
aerial perspective – Blurring or loss of clarity of the outlines of distant objects caused by the atmosphere. The effect occurs due to the disappearance of color and the contrast of brightness between distant objects and the background.
Here are examples of aerial perspective:
To explain to a child what aerial perspective is, it is enough to show examples and draw his attention to those objects that are far away and those that are close - the difference is very noticeable.
And now let's start drawing!
We will need:
- paint (gouache, acrylic, in principle, watercolor is also possible) in three colors - white, yellow and blue,
- brush,
- our drawing blank,
- jar of water,
- palette or white plate,
- paper napkins to wipe something or blot the brush if necessary.
Drawing order:
- We mix white paint and blue on the palette to get a very light shade. This will be the color of the sky.
- We offer the child to color only the sky.
- Then you need to paint the clouds with white, and the sun with yellow.
- Mix white and blue again (or add more blue paint to the last batch) to get a light shade that is a little more saturated than the color of the sky.
- We color in a row of mountains that are closest to the sky.
- We repeat the kneading, adding more blue and coloring the next row of mountains.
- The very front row - hills and trees - we paint in pure blue or add quite a bit of white to it at your discretion.
- All! Drawing mountains using the principle of aerial perspective is ready!
And here is how our mountains turned out:
Master class "Drawing for the little ones."
Shatokhina Rita Vyacheslavovna, teacher of additional education, MBU DO "House of Children's Creativity in Kalininsk, Saratov Region."
This master class is intended for teachers of additional education, educators of preschool educational institutions. The master class will also be of interest to young artists from 4 years old and their parents.
Purpose: this master class is a small drawing course for the smallest, which shows how to draw with geometric shapes.
Target: creating conditions for obtaining drawing skills.
Tasks: teach your child how to draw familiar images using geometric shapes;
to instill skills to work accurately with paints and a brush;
develop creative imagination and fine motor skills of the hand.
Young children come to classes in my association, but they really want to draw. From the experience of working with children, I realized that it is easier for them to draw with geometric shapes. Children draw according to my show, in stages. When starting a lesson, I never tell the children what we are going to draw today. From experience I know that they are so interesting. In the process, they guess who they are drawing, and it gives them a lot of joy. And everyone's drawings are different.
Drawing master class for children "Snail"
Prepare: A4 landscape sheet, watercolor paints, brushes of different sizes, a jar of water and a napkin.
Before starting to draw, I tell the children that the paints are sleeping and they need to be awakened, gently stroking them with a brush, we will wake up the yellow paint first and start painting.
We draw a bun in the center of the sheet, gradually unwinding the brush, and then draw an arc with brown paint.
We turn the arc into a loop.
We draw horns and paint over.
We decorate the house of the snail.
We draw eyes, a mouth of a snail. Next, the children themselves come up with and decorate the background of the picture: where is the snail?
Children's work:
Drawing master class for children "Turtle".
We draw a “kolobok” in the center of the sheet with yellow paint, draw 4 loops with brown paint.
The fifth loop is drawn larger in size, we paint over all the loops.
We draw eyes-circles, from the beginning with white paint, then black.
Decorate the turtle shell. The child can come up with his own pattern.
Drawing master class for children "Fish"
We draw a “bun” with yellow paint, draw arcs: from above and below, it looks like an eye.
We draw a fish tail-triangle. Then decorate the fish with red paint. draw by applying a brush: mouth, fins.
We draw scales, decorate the tail.
We "print" with a brush: draw pebbles and water, draw lines with green algae paint.
We draw the eyes of the fish with black paint. Black paint likes to play pranks, so we are especially careful with it.
"Winter meadow".
We take a blue sheet, A4 format. We draw koloboks with white paint. We draw lines, draw snowdrifts.
With brown paint we draw a trunk and twigs of trees, hands, eyes, a mouth and a broom for a snowman.
We decorate the picture with snowflakes. We decorate the snowman: we draw a bucket on the head and a scarf. Children complete the drawing, decorate.
By the same principle, you can draw an autumn forest, only initially the koloboks will be yellow, orange and green, and the leaf fall, draw by applying a brush, print. Children's work:
Drawing master class for children "Hedgehog".
We draw a "bun" with brown paint.
Draw a triangle nose.
Child's work.
We draw a clearing for a hedgehog, children fantasize.
Child work:
Drawing master class for children "Frog".
We take a blue sheet, A4 format. We draw in the center of the "bun" with green paint.
We draw one more "kolobok", and on top two "bridges".
We draw paws for a frog, we draw the attention of children that the paws of a frog differ in their structure, which helps the frog to jump well and hold on even on the most slippery surface.
We draw a frog mouth, eyes. We decorate the picture, having previously talked with the children: where does the frog live?
Drawing master class for children "Cockerel".
We draw a large bun-torso, a smaller bun - the head. We connect them with smooth lines, we get a neck.
We draw a cock legs-triangles and a tail, lines-arcs.
With red paint we draw a cockerel scallop (bridges), beak and beard, apply a brush.
We draw a cockerel's legs.