Brief description of several theaters around the world for presentation. Brief description of several theaters around the world for presentation Presentation on the topic of world musical theater

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Already in 1816, Stendhal called La Scala in Milan “the first theater in the world.” Excellent technical equipment, luxurious productions, the best performers from all over the world, who inspired the great Frenchman to write colorful essays about visiting the performance - this secret is revealed quite simply. The fact is that for two and a half centuries Milan (with a short break during the Napoleonic campaigns) was under Austrian rule. And it was this Italian city, due to its territorial proximity to Vienna, political and economic significance, that was chosen by Empress Maria Theresa as the opera capital of Europe.

La Scala Opera House (Milan, Italy)

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This is how opera arose in Milan - not, by the way, a musical city (rather a commercial one - after all, the capital of Lombardy). But the fact that the Austrian emperors never skimped on their “dynastic passion” for music created a real miracle. Well, not all theaters in Milan, and throughout Italy, can boast such a rich history, inextricably linked not only with art history, but also with the history of Europe as a whole. La Scala Opera in Milan became the premiere theater for G. Rossini, V. Bellini, G. Donizetti. In 1841, the opera “Nabucco” by G. Verdi was first staged at La Scala, which became a kind of response to revolutionary events, after which the composer received the unofficial title “Maestro of the Italian Revolution.” And in 1926, the premiere of “Turandot” by G. Puccini was interrupted in the words of Toscanini: “Here the master’s heart stopped” - the purest expression of both devotion to art and friendship of two great masters.

Teatro La Scala was built in 1778. architect Giuseppe Piermarini

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Grand Opera (Paris, France)

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It is impossible to pass by this building without admiring the architecture and becoming interested in the history. Built in neo-Baroque style and designed by Charles Garnier, it has graced the Placedel’Opera in Paris with its grandeur since 1875. He is known to all connoisseurs of theatrical art around the world. Yes, we are talking about the famous Grand Opera in Paris, which since 1989 has been called the Palais Garnier. It won’t be difficult for tourists to get there. This can be done by metro, taking the metro to the Opera station, or by taxi. Just a kilometer south of the square is the famous Louvre Palace, and to the southwest is the Place de la Concorde.

Grand Opera (Paris, France)

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Garnier described his creation as a building built in the style of Napoleon III. The woman could not resist such a “weighty” argument. The foundation laying began in 1860. But the swampiness of the area and the presence of a large amount of groundwater delayed it for eight months, during which drainage took place. But still, the foundation was laid and reinforced with a layer of bitumen, protecting the basement from moisture penetration. This foundation still holds the thick walls and heavy floors of the building to this day, without shrinking and maintaining its integrity. The genius of the architect was that he used the existing reservoir, which is located under the Grand Opera, to strengthen the foundation. The water clogged small cracks with sand and silt, preventing the subsequent penetration of moisture into them. And in the event of a fire, this tank could be used as a source of water for extinguishing.

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The history of this building is inextricably linked with the name of Napoleon III. It was his superstition that served as the reason for the start of construction of the Paris Opera. This happened in 1858, when the emperor was not far from the LePeletier Theater, where an unsuccessful attempt was made on his life, as a result of which several people from his entourage died. After this, this theater earned notoriety in the eyes of Napoleon, and he ordered the construction of a new opera house, as it was considered a subtle sign of this type of art. The perfect of Paris, Georges-Eugene Haussmann, who is a favorite of the emperor and wanting to please him, enthusiastically seized on this idea. He announced a competition for the best design of the Opera building, in which more than one hundred and fifty architects took part. Having carefully studied each of them, Haussmann chose a sketch by the then practically unknown Charles Garnier, who amazed him with its scope and luxury. Moreover, the architect showed not only his professional talent, but also the talent of a wise politician, enlisting the support of the emperor’s wife.

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Even the unstable political situation could not interfere with the construction of this grandiose structure. She, of course, increased the time for its construction, but in 1875 the Parisians saw the wonderful creation of the great master, which by that time had served as a prison and a place of executions during the fall of the Paris Commune. For the construction of the building, stones were brought from all over Europe and colonial countries of Africa. This can be seen in the variety of their shades, which have retained the colors to this day. According to Garnier's idea, the structure was to be decorated with numerous statues. For this purpose, such famous sculptors were brought in as Gyumeri, who created the winged goddesses of harmony and poetry; Lexan, who became the author of the pegasi on the sides of the pediment; Millet, who carved Apollo holding a lyre in his raised hand. Between the columns there are now busts of great composers made of bronze. These include Beethoven, Bach, Rossini, Mozart, Meyerbeer and others.

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The inside of the theater is also beautiful and majestic. Occupying an area of ​​eleven square meters, it can accommodate 2,200 people in its halls, and 450 artists on stage. The building is decorated with multiple columns and sculptures of the gods of Ancient Greece, nymphs and plump Cupids. The walls and ceilings are decorated with intricate marble friezes. Also, when creating the interior, gold leaf, velvet, and stucco molding in the Baroque style were used. The huge chandelier, which weighs more than six tons, deserves special attention. Around it, the ceiling was previously decorated with ancient frescoes, which began to crumble over time. Since 1964, the ceiling has been decorated with paintings by Marc Chagall. The walls also feature paintings by famous artists, mirrors in gilded frames, and bas-reliefs of composers.

The internal architecture of the building is represented by a huge grand staircase, a luxurious auditorium and a foyer with a fountain. It also has its own library and two ballet schools. When there are no performances in the theater, numerous excursions are held there.

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Sydney Opera House

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The Sydney Opera House is one of the most recognizable buildings of the 20th century. This outstanding multifunctional building can be considered the hallmark of the city: it is the one most often photographed by tourists. The Sydney Opera House is one of the most grandiose architectural wonders of the last century: it is not just a building, but also a work of art. However, immediately after construction was completed, the theater had no fewer critics than admirers. The London Times described the theater as “the building of the century,” but one could also find such characteristics as, say, “French nuns playing football.” Sydney residents themselves lovingly call their wonder of the world “nuns fighting for a ball (rugby)” or “oyster shells”.

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223 architects competed for the right to design the Sydney Opera House. In January 1957, the design of the Danish architect Jorn Utzon was announced as the winner of the competition, and two years later the first stone was laid on Bennelong Point in Sydney Harbour. According to preliminary calculations, the construction of the theater should have taken 3-4 years and cost $7 million. Unfortunately, soon after the work began, many difficulties arose, which forced the government to deviate from Utzon’s original plans. And in 1966, Utzon left Sydney after a particularly big quarrel with the city authorities. A team of young Australian architects took responsibility for completing the construction. The New South Wales government played a lottery to raise money to continue the work. And on October 20, 1973, the new Sydney Opera House was inaugurated. Instead of the planned 4 years, the theater was built in 14, and it cost 102 million dollars.

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Vienna State Opera

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The Vienna State Opera is the largest opera house in Austria, a center of musical culture. The Vienna Opera is famous not only in Austria and Europe. At each performance in the auditorium you can meet tourists from all over the world from Japan to the USA and Canada. Avid theatergoers in Russia also dream of attending a performance at the Vienna Opera. It must be said that the air of Vienna is saturated with the music of the most famous composers who lived and worked in this city. Mozart and Beethoven, Schubert and Haydn, Brahms and Gluck, as well as the magnificent Johann Strauss and his three sons Johann, Joseph and Eduard wrote their music here. Of course, such a city could not do without its Opera. And the opera house was built in 1869 according to the design of the architect August Siccard von Siccardsburg. The interior decoration and interiors were designed by Eduard vanderNull.

The opening of the Vienna State Opera (WienerStaatsoper) took place on May 25 with a production of Mozart's Don Giovanni. And although the theater building was recognized as one of the best in the world in terms of acoustics and decoration, Emperor Franz Joseph did not like it very much. His unflattering review drove Eduard van der Null to suicide and the architect August Siccard von Siccardsburg to a heart attack.

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But the building of the Vienna Opera is truly beautiful. Its façade was decorated with sculptures by the amazingly talented Ernst Höhnel. These are pictures from Mozart’s “The Magic Flute”, and the five muses: Grace, Love, Heroic, Comedy and Fantasy, which since the times of ancient Greece have personified the five movements in art. Unfortunately, the WienerStaatsoper building was completely destroyed by bombing during World War II. But the residents of Vienna restored their Opera according to the surviving drawings. Already in May 1955, the Staatsoper opened the new season with Beethoven's magnificent opera Fidelio. Countless works by various composers have been staged at the Vienna Opera over the decades of its existence. Many premieres of new operas, which became masterpieces, were presented to the public in this building. The modern WienerStaatsoper performs most of its repertoire with a full-time orchestra and singers. But opera stars of the first magnitude also tour here often.

Herbert von Karajan, as director of the Vienna Opera, embodied the idea of ​​holding outdoor concerts from May to October. Since then, about 120 performances a year have been staged on the square in front of the Opera, completely free of charge.

Les Celestins Theater is the main art center of the city of Lyon in France. This is an opera house that is suitable for grand performances and can accommodate over 1000 people. The horseshoe-shaped hall is divided into several levels, so even spectators sitting far from the stage can see and hear everything well. The interior is designed in a royal style using red and gold tones. The outside of the building is more austere and decorated with statues. For more than two centuries, the best plays, operas, dramatic performances and concerts have been staged on the Les Celestins stage.

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Another famous world stage is the Metropolitan Opera musical theater on Broadway in New York. This is the best theater in the USA. Celebrities such as Enrico Caruso and Placido Do played leading roles here. Every year the Met gives more than two hundred performances. From time to time they are broadcast on television and radio. mingo.

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Since the beginning of human civilization, theater has served as the main source of entertainment. Nowadays, theater and opera performances have not lost any of their popularity and significance, and thousands of people around the world visit theaters every day and enjoy this wonderful art form.

The building of any theater is a unique world with its own history, traditions and secrets. Let's talk about those that are known throughout the world.

Teatro La Scala is rightfully the most famous theater in the world. And most of all it is associated with opera, although dramatic performances and ballet also occupy a significant place in the repertoire.

La Scala, photo Rudiger Wolk

It was built in 1778. The horseshoe-shaped hall has five tiers of boxes. Works by famous composers Bellini, Rossini, Donizetti, and Verdi were performed on the stage of La Scala. The theater is famous for its impeccable acoustics.

Many people associate Australia with the building of the Opera House in Sydney. It is easily recognizable and is one of the main attractions of the country. This is perhaps one of the most iconic theaters of our time.

Sydney Opera House, photo Shannon Hobbs

The opening took place in 1973. During construction, the main emphasis was on acoustics and visibility. That is why every theatergoer feels as if he has purchased a ticket to the best seat in the hall.

The theater building became home to the Sydney Symphony Orchestra, Sydney Theater Company, Australian Ballet and Australian Opera. More than 1,500 performances take place here annually.

3. Bolshoi Theater

The Bolshoi Theater in Moscow is one of the leading theaters in Russia and around the world. Together with the best symphony orchestra, he survived fire, war and revolution.

Bolshoi Theater in Moscow, photo jimmyweee

At the entrance, visitors are greeted by a statue of Apollo in a chariot, anticipating the grandiose performances taking place in the theater. The theater's ballet troupe is very famous. Yuri Grigorovich staged the legendary “Swan Lake” and “The Golden Age” here. The Bolshoi was opened after a large-scale reconstruction in 2011.

4. Vienna State Opera

Built in 1869, the theater has long had a reputation as the center of musical life in Vienna and throughout Austria.

Vienna State Opera, photo JP

During World War II, the building was bombed and almost destroyed. The staircase and some other parts were miraculously preserved. It was restored only in 1955. Today it continues to be one of the world's main opera venues. Traditional balls are held annually under the vaults of the Vienna Opera.

The Palace of Catalan Music is located in. The building was officially opened in 1908 and almost immediately became a symbol of the city. The magnificent glass ceiling, rich paintings, stained glass windows and sculptures turned it into a real work of art. This is one of the few theaters included in the UNESCO cultural heritage list.

Palau de la Musica Catalana, photo Jiuguang Wang

The palace is one of the main theater and music venues in Barcelona, ​​where many world celebrities perform. Important international meetings and conferences are also held here, and excursions are organized for tourists.

Theater Les Celestins is the main art center of the city of Lyon in France. This is an opera house that is suitable for grand performances and can accommodate over 1000 people. The horseshoe-shaped hall is divided into several levels, so even spectators sitting far from the stage can see and hear everything well. The interior is designed in a royal style using red and gold tones. The outside of the building is more austere and decorated with statues.

Les Celestins in Lyon, photo Mirej

For more than two centuries, Les Celestins has staged the best plays, operas, dramatic performances and concerts.

The Covent Garden Theater is well known throughout the world. Its stage hosts productions of the Royal Opera and Royal Ballet. Stars of world classical music have performed in this majestic building since 1858.

Royal Opera House Convent Garden, photo

Previously, it was possible to enter the theater only before the start of the performance if you had a ticket. Today you can explore it by taking a short excursion.

Another famous world stage is the Metropolitan Opera musical theater on Broadway in New York. This is the best theater. Celebrities such as Enrico Caruso and Placido Domingo played leading roles here.

The Metropolitan Opera House, photo Blehgoaway

The Met puts on more than two hundred performances each year. From time to time they are broadcast on television and radio.

9. Odeon of Herodes Atticus

If you want to visit a theater that is as old as art itself, head to the Odeon of Herodes Atticus in . This is a classic ancient amphitheater built in 161 AD. e. There was originally a roof over it, but it was destroyed.

Odeon of Herodes Atticus in Athens, photo Yucatan

The theater seats 5,000 people and still hosts plays, ballets and other events on its stage. Even Elton John gave his concert at the Odeon.

10. Chicago Theater

The Chicago Theater was built in 1921 during what is known as the "Golden Age of Entertainment" and was the first luxury theater of its kind to house movies, musicals and shows. Gradually it became a hallmark of Chicago. Today, Chicago theater is a mixture of different genres and styles, from plays and comedies to dance shows and pop concerts.

The Chicago Theatre, photo by Leandro Neumann Ciuffo

There are still a huge number of theaters in the world, each of which is worthy of attention. During your travels through cities and countries, be sure to visit theaters, and it doesn’t matter whether they are famous throughout the world or known only in a small town. In any case, you will get a unique opportunity to touch the wonderful world of theatrical art.

THEATERS OF THE WORLD Egorova Irina Gennadievna, Musical Director The first theatergoers were the ancient Greeks. Performance days were a real holiday for them. The seats for spectators in the ancient Greek theater are located in a semicircle on the slopes of the hills - these places are called an amphitheater. In the center of the amphitheater there was a round platform on which the choir, actors and orchestra performed. The Romans built theaters that could seat up to 40,000 spectators.

Ancient Greek theater masks

Odessa Opera House

The most beautiful theater buildings

Turkmen Opera House

Vienna Opera

Opera House in Batumi

Sydney Opera House

Bolshoi Theater in Moscow

Multimedia opera South Korea.

All the action, with drama, amazing vocals and memorable scenery, the audience will watch not only on stage - live broadcasts and recordings of performances can be seen outside, on the walls of the theater.

Vietnamese water puppet theater. The history of Vietnamese theater goes back more than 1000 years. It is believed that it was invented by peasants whose rice fields suffered from flooding from time to time. To this day, there is no stage in the Vietnamese theater - all performances take place right in the water! For this purpose, both artificial and natural reservoirs are used, on which decorations are built.

Chinese shadow theater. Behind a large translucent screen, the action of the performances is performed by puppets - flat multi-colored figures controlled by puppeteers using thin sticks. In fact, these are not shadows at all - the viewer sees real flat puppets leaning against the back of the screen.

Kathakali is an Indian folk theater that incorporates pantomime, dance, vocal and instrumental accompaniment, as well as elements of circus acrobatics. The most amazing thing is that all the roles are played by men; their performance is conveyed through facial expressions and hand positions. Their faces are covered with a thick layer of makeup, which is complemented by incredible costumes. The actors convey the text with gestures and facial expressions, and the narration is carried out with vocal accompaniment and music. Theater arose in ancient times, but this style of acting was finally formed only in the 17th century.

Indian Puppet Theater Japanese Puppet Theater Bunraku

Kabuki (Japanese 歌舞伎, lit. “song, dance, skill”, “skillful singing and dancing”) is one of the types of traditional theater in Japan. It is a synthesis of singing, music, dance and drama. Kabuki performers use complex makeup and costumes with a large symbolic load.

The traditions of the Japanese Noh theater have been carefully preserved to this day. Everything that happens on stage corresponds to a number of canons. Firstly, all the roles here are played only by men, their faces are hidden by masks, each of which is a real work of art. The main characters of the plays here are divided into people and spirits, most often the actors are practically motionless.

Theater Royal London Covent Garden

Moscow Children's Fairytale Theater

Children's Musical Theater named after. N. Sats

Ulger Puppet Theater

Theater on stilts. Evpatoria.

The theaters of the World are so different from each other, but they are all united by the stage, the actors and the love of the audience. Theater is a limitless source of new impressions and discoveries. Don’t lose the opportunity to take advantage of it, try to break away from your monitors more often and indulge in the beauty in reality, not only in your native places, but also on distant travels!

Resources used 1. http://www.restbee.ru/ 2. Shkolazhizni.ru 3. http://ru.wikipedia.org/ 4. Pedsovet.su Ekaterina Goryaynova

1.Know the history of the opera house, the place where the first opera house appeared, the structure of the theater and the composition of the troupes.

2.Develop skills of comparison, highlighting the main thing, generalization.

3.Cultivate a love of classical music.

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“Presentation for the lesson “Famous Theaters of the World” for 4th grade”

• Opera theatre- a musical theater building, which primarily hosts performances of operas, operettas and ballets.

• The first opera houses appeared in the middle 17th century first in Venice, and then in other cities of Italy and were intended for the entertainment of the aristocracy.

• In the classic tiered theater, the location of the audience in the boxes was as important as what was happening on stage. The auditorium and stage were brightly lit. The performers sang on proscenium, while the back of the stage served as changing scenery.

• Modern theaters use the entire stage from ramps to the back of the stage, the auditorium is darkened and has a semicircular shape. Over time, theaters became larger, so the building Metropolitan Opera V New York accommodates 4,000 seats.

• Over time, the orchestra began to take up more and more space, and as a result, an orchestra pit appeared.
• During the construction of the Bayreuth Theater Richard Wagner arranged a special orchestra pit for the performance of his works.
• It goes deep under the stage in tiers and is closed from above, so it is impossible to accurately determine the source of sounds, which creates an additional stage effect.

• IN XVIII century The bourgeoisie also became spectators of opera houses. Opera houses transformed from palace theaters into state operas.

• The concept of “opera house” includes not only the theater building, but also the institution. This can be understood as a constant troupe theater ( soloists theater, choir, ballet troupe, orchestra , extras), and artistic directors (director, conductors, directors, playwrights, assistant directors), administration, box office, wardrobe and theater workshops.

• Large opera houses can employ up to 1,000 permanent staff. In some countries, such as the UK, France and the USA, there are no permanent theater companies.
• Productions are developed jointly by several theaters and then staged one by one.
• This is only the first acquaintance with opera houses in general.

Famous theaters

• Italian "La Scala"
• American Metropolitan Opera
• Russian "Big"
• Austrian "Viennese"
• Australian "Sydney"

Italian "La Scala"

operatic theater V Milan, based in 1778 year.

American Metropolitan Opera

This American opera company was founded in 1880 as an alternative to the Academy of Music. The Metropolitan Opera is one of the most famous and prestigious opera houses in the world.

Russian Bolshoi Theater

The Bolshoi Theater is one of the largest Russian and world opera and ballet theaters. The complex of buildings is located in the center of Moscow on Teatralnaya Square.

• At first it was a state-owned theater, which, together with Maly, formed a single Moscow troupe of imperial theaters.
• Periodically, his status changed: he was subordinate to the Moscow governor-general, then to the St. Petersburg directorate.
• This continued until the revolution of 1917 - after nationalization there was a complete separation of the Maly and Bolshoi theaters.

• Sydney Opera House musical theater in Sydney, one of the most famous and easily recognizable buildings in the world, which is a symbol of the largest city Australia and one of the main attractions continent - sail-shaped shell, forming the roof, do this building unlike any other in the world.

Compiling a syncwine on the topic of theater

• Sinkwine(from fr. cinquains, English cinquain) is a creative work that takes the short form of a poem consisting of five unrhymed lines.
• Sinkwine- this is not a simple poem, but a poem written according to the following rules:
• Line 1 – one noun expressing the main theme of the syncwine.
• Line 2 – two adjectives expressing the main idea.
• Line 3 – three verbs describing actions within the topic.
• Line 4 is a phrase that carries a certain meaning.
• Line 5 – conclusion in the form of a noun (association with the first word).
• Making cinquain is very simple and interesting. And besides, working on its creation develops imaginative thinking.
• An example of a syncwine on a forum topic:
• Forum (noun expressing the main topic)
• Noisy, interesting (two adjectives expressing the main idea)
• Entertains, develops, amuses (three verbs describing actions within the topic)
• A good place to meet (a phrase that carries a certain meaning)
• Communication (conclusion in noun form)

• Warm-up
• Just Dance 2017 -Scream & Shout.

• Learning songs:
• Open Kids and Quest Pistols Show - Coolest (Karaoke)
• "Tugan Zher"