N.Izotov A.Stakhanov P.Angelina
Izotov Nikita Alekseevich(January 27 (February 9), 1902 - January 14, 1951) - a miner, the initiator of the Izotov movement for the mass training of young workers by cadre workers, one of the founders of the Stakhanov movement.
Nikita Alekseevich Izotov was born on January 27 (February 9), 1902 in the family of a peasant in the Oryol province. Since 1914, he worked as an auxiliary worker at a briquette factory in Gorlovka, then as a stoker at Korsun Mine No. 1, the future Kochegarka mine, and a participant in the restoration of the mine after the civil war.
Working as a slaughterer at mine No. 1 "Kochegarka" (Gorlovka), he achieved high labor productivity, invariably fulfilling 3-4 norms. In 1932, the miner of mine No. 1 "Kochegarka" (Gorlovka) Nikita Alekseevich Izotov achieved an unprecedented output, fulfilling the coal mining plan in January by 562%, in May by 558%, and in June by 2000% (607 tons in 6 hours). Izotov's method, which is simple in its essence, is based on a thorough study of the coal seam, the ability to quickly fasten mine workings, a clear organization of work, and keeping the tool in order.
Stakhanov Aleksey Grigoryevich - an innovator of the coal industry, the founder of the Stakhanov movement, a Hero of Socialist Labor.
Stakhanov Alexey Grigorievich was born on December 21, 1905 in the village of Lugovaya, Orel Region. His career began at the age of 12. Grandfather and father went south to work. When Alexey turned 21, he came to the Donbass, with whom he connected his fate as a miner. He worked as a horse-dresser, and then as a slaughterer at the Tsentralnoe-Irmino mine in the Lugansk region (Kadievka).
Since 1933 Stakhanov Alexey Grigorievich worked as a jackhammer.
In 1935 Stakhanov Alexey Grigorievich graduated from the courses of miners at the mine. On the night of August 30-31, 1935, for a shift (5 hours 45 minutes), he mined 102 tons of coal at a rate of 7 tons, exceeding the norm by 14 times and setting a record. According to the official version, the reason for the unprecedented achievement Stakhanov consisted in the skillful possession of a jackhammer, which in itself was a miracle of modern technology in those years.
Angelina Praskovya Nikitichna (Pasha Angelina) is one of the founders of socialist competition in agriculture, the organizer and foreman of the first women's tractor brigade. Twice Hero of Socialist Labor. Author of a book about collective farm activists "People of collective farm fields"
was born Angelina Praskovya Nikitichna December 30, 1912 (January 12, 1913) in the village (now an urban-type settlement) Starobeshevo, Stalin's now Donetsk region.
Angelina Praskovya Nikitichna one of the first women tractor drivers. Her name is included in the list of the most prominent people of all countries.
In 1929 Angelina Praskovya Nikitichna She graduated from the courses of tractor drivers and began working as a tractor driver at the Staro-Beshevskaya Machine and Tractor Station (MTS).
In 1933, she organized a women's tractor brigade in this MTS and headed it.
In 1933-34, the women's tractor brigade took first place in the MTS, fulfilling the plan by 129 percent. After that Pasha Angelina becomes the central figure of the campaign for the technical education of women.
Makar Mazai Petr Krivonos
Makar Nikitovich Mazai(1910, the village of Olginskaya, Krasnodar Territory - 1941, Mariupol) - a steelmaker of the Mariupol Ilyich Iron and Steel Works, an innovator worker, initiator of competition for high volumes of steel production. In 1930, he entered the Mariupol Metallurgical Plant as a laborer. In 1935 he was a steelmaker of the open-hearth shop. In 1936, he was one of the pioneers of the high-speed steelmaking movement. The country was developing, and more and more steel was required. Makar Mazai proposed a risky solution: to deepen the open-hearth furnace bath and at the same time raise the height of the open-hearth arch. After that, much more charge could be poured into the furnace than before. In October 1936, Makar Mazai sets one after another records for the removal of steel from a square meter of the furnace hearth with a maximum result of 15 tons in 6 hours and 30 minutes. After that, his experience and methods of work spread throughout the country.
During the Great Patriotic War, Makar Mazai did not have time to evacuate and remained in the occupied Mariupol. He was captured and shot after prolonged torture for refusing to cooperate with the Germans.
Pyotr Fyodorovich Krivonos Born June 29 (July 12), 1910 in the city of Feodosia in the family of a railway worker. In 1913 the family moved to the city of Slavyansk. After graduating from a seven-year school, he worked as a mechanic in a locomotive depot. In 1926-1929. studied at the FZU school in the city of Slavyansk. In 1929, after graduating from the FZU, he began working in the locomotive depot of Slavyansk of the Donetsk railway. In 1935, being a locomotive driver, he was the first in transport when driving freight trains to increase the boost of the steam locomotive boiler, due to which the technical speed was doubled, to 46-47 km / h. The name of Peter Krivonos is associated with the opening of the Children's Railway in Kyiv, in Syretsky Park. On August 2, 1953, on the Day of the Railwayman, children took a ride in blue and dark red trailers, and the first train was led by the legendary Pyotr Krivonos. It was also on his initiative that the steam locomotive IS was placed on a pedestal near the central station of the city, which is currently the only fully preserved representative of the series.
Questions and tasks:
1. Why is the world's first monument to a working man dedicated to the miner N. Izotov?
2. Why is the achievement of the miner Alexei Stakhanov called the "eternal record"?
3. How did the appearance of the tractor affect the fate of Pasha Angelina?
4. Why is the steelmaker Makar Mazai called the “igniting light”?
5. How did the engineer Pyotr Krivonos “fly” along the rails instead of the sky?
Ukrainian literature has come a long way of development in order to reach the level that exists at the moment. Ukrainian writers have contributed throughout time from the 18th century in the works of Prokopovich and Hrushevsky to the contemporary works of authors such as Shklyar and Andrukhovych. Literature has developed and enriched over the years. And it must be said that modern Ukrainian writers are very different from the authors who laid the foundation for Ukrainian literature. But one thing remained unchanged - the love of the native language.
19th century literature
In this century, Ukrainian literature acquired figures who glorified the country throughout the world with their works. With their works, Ukrainian writers of the 19th century showed the beauty of the language. It is this era that is considered the beginning of the formation of national thinking. The famous "Kobzar" became an open statement that the people are striving for independence. Ukrainian writers and poets of that time made a huge contribution both to the development of the language itself and dramaturgy. There are many different genres and trends in literature. These were novels, and stories, and short stories, and feuilletons. Most of the writers and poets took the direction of political activity. Schoolchildren study most of the authors in the school curriculum, reading works and trying to understand the main idea of each work. Analyzing each work separately, they take out the information that the author wanted to convey to them.
Taras Shevchenko
He is rightfully considered the founder of national literature and a symbol of the country's patriotic forces. Years of life - 1814-1861. The main work is considered to be "Kobzar", which glorified both the author and the people all over the world. Shevchenko wrote his works in Ukrainian, although there are several poems in Russian. The best creative years in Shevchenko's life were the 40s, when, in addition to Kobzar, the following works were published:
- "Gaidamaki".
- "Hire".
- "Khustochka".
- "Caucasus".
- "Poplars".
- "Katerina" and many others.
Shevchenko's works were criticized, but the Ukrainians liked the works and won their hearts forever. While in Russia he was received rather coldly, when he returned to his homeland, he always met with a warm welcome. Shevchenko later became a member of the Cyril and Methodius Society, to which other great Ukrainian writers belonged. It was the members of this society who were arrested for their political views and exiled.
The life of the poet was full of events, both joyful and mournful. But all his life he did not stop creating. Even when he did military service as a recruit, he continued to work, and his work was imbued with love for the motherland.
Ivan Franko
Ivan Yakovlevich Franko is another bright representative of the literary activity of that time. Years of life - 1856-1916. Writer, poet, scientist, he almost received the Nobel Prize, but an early death prevented him from doing so. The extraordinary personality of the writer causes many different statements, since it was he who was the founder of the Ukrainian radical party. Like many well-known Ukrainian writers, in his works he revealed various problems that worried him at that time. So, in his works "Gritseva school science" and "Pencil" he shows the problems of school education.
It is worth noting that Franko was a member of the Russophile society, which existed at that time in Transcarpathia. During his membership, he wrote his works "Folk Song" and "Petria and Dovbuschuk". Frank's famous work is also his Ukrainian translation of Faust. For his activities in society, Ivan was arrested for nine months, which he spent in prison.
After his release from prison, the writer temporarily dropped out of the literary society, so he was ignored. But this did not break the poet. During the time that Franco spent in prison, and later, when he was released, he wrote many works that reveal human shortcomings and, conversely, show the breadth of the human soul. His work "Zakhar Berkut" received an award at the national competition.
Grigory Kvitka-Osnovyanenko
The years of the writer's life - 1778-1843. The main stage of his work falls precisely on the 19th century, it was during this period that he created most of his masterpieces. Being a very sickly boy, while blind until the age of six, Grigory began his creative path only in his student years. He studied in Kharkov and it was there that he began to write and send his works to a magazine for publication. He wrote poetry and short stories. This was the beginning of his work. The real works that deserved attention were the stories written in the 30s in Ukrainian:
- "Marusya".
- "Konotop witch".
- "Soldier portrait".
- "Heart Oksana" and others.
Like other Ukrainian writers, Gregory also wrote in Russian, which is confirmed by the novel "Pan Kholyavsky". The author's works are distinguished by a beautiful literary style, simple expressions that are easily perceived by the reader. Kvitka-Osnovyanenko showed excellent knowledge of all aspects of the life of both a peasant and a nobleman, which can be observed in his novels. According to the story of Gregory, the play “Trouble in a County Town” was released, which was the predecessor of the famous “Inspector General”.
20th century literature
The Ukrainians distinguished themselves with their works due to the fact that many of them devoted their works to the Second World War. Ukrainian literature experienced a difficult period of development at that time. Partially banned, then studied at will, it has undergone many corrections and changes. But all this time, Ukrainian writers did not stop creating. Their works continued to appear and delight not only the Ukrainian reader, but also other connoisseurs of literary masterpieces.
Pavel Zagrebelny
Pavel Arkhipovich Zagrebelny is a writer of that time who made a huge contribution to literature. Years of his life - 1924-2009. Pavel's childhood passed in a village in the Poltava region. Then he studied at the artillery school and went to the front. After the war, he entered the university in the city of Dnepropetrovsk, and only there he began his career, publishing the collection "Kakhov's Stories" in the Rodina magazine. Among the works of the author there are such famous ones as:
- "Steppe flowers".
- "Europe, 45".
- Southern Comfort.
- "Wonder".
- "I am Bogdan."
- "Pervomost" and many others.
Anna Yablonskaya
Anna Grigoryevna Yablonskaya is another literary figure that I want to talk about. The years of the life of the writer - 1981-2011. Since childhood, the girl was fond of literature and dramaturgy. Firstly, her father was a journalist, wrote feuilletons, and it was largely because of him that she developed a passion for literature. Secondly, since school, Anna began to write poems and read them with pleasure from the stage. Over time, her works began to be published in Odessa magazines. In the same school years, Yablonskaya performed at the theater of Natalia Knyazeva in Odessa, who subsequently staged a play based on Yablonskaya's novel The Door. One of the most famous works of the author, which Ukrainian writers talk about, was the play "Video Camera". In her works, Anna skillfully showed the pros and cons of society, combining different facets of family life, love and sex. At the same time, there was not a hint of vulgarity, and not a single work shocked the viewer.
Anna died very early as a result of a terrorist attack at Domodedovo Airport. She did not manage to do much, but what she managed to do left an indelible mark on the literature of that time.
Alexander Kopylenko
Alexander Ivanovich Kopylenko was born in the Kharkov region. Born 08/01/1900, died 12/1/1958. I have always striven for knowledge and learning. Before the revolution, he studied at the seminary, then traveled a lot, which gave him a lot of experience and impressions for further literary activity. Was in Poland, Czech Republic, Germany, Georgia. During the war of 1941-1945. He worked on the radio, where he conducted programs for partisan detachments. After that he became the editor of the Vsesvit magazine and worked closely with many directors, screenwriters and writers. His poems first saw the light in 1922. But most of all he wrote prose:
- Kara Krucha.
- "Rampant hop".
- people".
- "Solid Material" etc.
He also has children's works, such as:
- "Very good".
- "tenth graders".
- "In the forest".
In his works, the writer wrote about many problems of that time, revealed various human weaknesses, covered historical events and battles during the civil war. Kopylenko's works have been translated into many foreign languages of the world.
Modern Ukrainian writers
Modern Ukrainian literature does not lag behind in terms of the number of prominent people. Nowadays, there are many authors whose works are worthy of being studied in schools and translated into different languages of the world. We present you a list of far from all modern authors, but only the most popular ones. Their popularity was taken in accordance with the rating. To compile the rating, Ukrainians were interviewed, who were asked several questions about contemporary authors and their works. Here is the list:
- L. Kostenko.
- V. Shklyar.
- M. Matios.
- O. Zabuzhko.
- I. Karpa.
- L. Luzina.
- L. Deresh.
- M. and S. Dyachenko.
Lina Kostenko
He is in first place in the ranking of modern Ukrainian writers. She was born on March 19, 1930 in a family of teachers. Soon she herself went to study at the Pedagogical Institute, and then at the Moscow Literary Institute. Her first poems, written in the 50s, immediately attracted the attention of readers, and the book Travels of the Heart put the poetess on a par with outstanding literary figures. Among the works of the author such works as:
- "Over the banks of the eternal river."
- "Marusya Churai".
- "Uniqueness".
- "Garden of non-melting sculptures".
All works by Lina Kostenko are distinguished by their individual literary style and special rhyme. The reader immediately fell in love with her work and is looking forward to new works.
Vasily Shklyar
While still a student, Vasily created the first work - "Snow". Living at that time in Armenia, he wrote about the culture of this people, about their way of life and customs. In addition to the fact that Shklyar created himself, like many Ukrainian writers, he translated a lot of works from the Armenian language, which earned him special respect. Readers are well aware of his works "Elemental", "Key". His works have also been translated into different languages of the world, and book lovers from different countries enjoy reading his prose.
Maria Matios
Maria published her first poems when she was fifteen years old. Later, Matios tried her hand at prose and wrote the short story “Yuryana and Dovgopol”. The writer is loved for her works rich in meaning. Her books of poetry include:
- "Women's Fence in the Garden of Impatience".
- "From grass and leaves."
- "Garden of impatience".
Maria Matios also created a number of prose works:
- "Life is short"
- "Nation"
- "Sweet Darusya"
- "Diary of the executed and many others".
Thanks to Maria, the world got acquainted with another talented Ukrainian poetess and writer, whose books are read with great pleasure abroad.
Children's Ukrainian writers
Separately, it is worth talking about those writers and poets who create works for children. It is their books that children read with such pleasure in libraries. It is thanks to their works that children from a very early age have the opportunity to hear beautiful Ukrainian speech. Rhymes and stories for toddlers and older children are what authors such as:
- A. I. Avramenko.
- I. F. Budz.
- M. N. Voronoi.
- N. A. Guzeeva.
- I. V. Zhilenko.
- I. A. Ischuk.
- I. S. Kostyria.
- V. A. Levin.
- T. V. Martynova.
- P. Punch.
- M. Podgoryanka.
- A. F. Turchinskaya and many others.
Ukrainian writers, the list of which is presented here, are familiar not only to our children. Ukrainian literature as a whole is very multifaceted and vibrant. Its leaders are known not only in the country itself, but also far beyond its borders. The works and quotes of Ukrainian writers are published in many editions of the world. Their works are translated into dozens of languages, which means that the reader needs them and is always waiting for more and more new works.
Vladimir Ivanovich Dal (1801-1872)
Russian scientist, writer and lexicographer, compiler of the Explanatory Dictionary of Living Great Russian. Vladimir Dal was born in Lugansk in 1801 in the family of a doctor of the mining department, Russified Dane Ivan Matveyevich Dal (Dan. Johan Christian von Dahl). The pseudonym "Cossack Lugansk", under which Vladimir Dal entered the literary world in 1832, was taken by him in honor of his homeland.
Nikita Sergeevich Khrushchev (1894 - 1971)
First Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR. Hero of the Soviet Union, three times Hero of Socialist Labor. From the age of 14 to 35 he studied and worked in Yuzovka (Donetsk). The period of Khrushchev's rule is sometimes called: many political prisoners were released, compared to the period of Stalin's rule, the activity of repressions decreased significantly. Decreased influence of ideological censorship.
Mikhail Lvovich Matusovsky (1915-1990)
Soviet songwriter. Laureate of the State Prize of the USSR, author of the legendary poems of the song “Moscow Evenings”, “Where the Motherland Begins” and dozens of other popular ones. Born in Lugansk, studied and graduated from the 13th high school in Lugansk. He would later dedicate his song "School Waltz" to his first teacher Maria Semyonovna Todorova.
Georgy Timofeevich Beregovoy (1921 - 1995)
Georgy Beregovoy- Pilot-cosmonaut of the USSR, twice Hero of the Soviet Union (the only one who was awarded the first star of the Hero for, and the second - for space flight).
Honored test pilot of the USSR, lieutenant general of aviation, candidate of psychological sciences, cosmonaut of the USSR No. 12. Born in 1921 near Poltava, shortly after his birth, the family moved to the city of Yenakiyevo in the Donbass. In 1941 he graduated from the Voroshilovgrad school of military pilots. In 1968 he made a space flight on the Soyuz-3 spacecraft. He was the main consultant for the feature films "Moscow - Cassiopeia" and "Youths in the Universe".
Anatoly Timofeevich Fomenko
Soviet and Russian mathematician, specialist in the field of multidimensional calculus of variations, differential geometry and topology, the theory of Lie groups and algebras, symplectic and computer geometry, the theory of Hamiltonian dynamical systems. Active member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Russian Academy of Natural Sciences. The author of the sensational "New Chronology" - the concept that the existing chronology of historical events is incorrect. Born in 1945 in Stalino (Donetsk), finished school in Lugansk.
Sergey Nazarovich Bubka (born in 1963 in Lugansk)
Soviet and Ukrainian pole vault athlete. The first person in the world to jump over 6 meters. Honored Master of Sports of the USSR, champion of the Olympic Games, 6-time world champion, champion of Europe and the USSR. At the age of 37, Bubka took part in the Sydney Olympics (2000). IOC President Marquis Juan Antonio Samaranch called him the most outstanding athlete of our time.
* — abbreviation for "Donetsk Coal Basin".
Donbass is a historically developed region, including Donetsk, Lugansk, Dnepropetrovsk regions of Ukraine and Rostov region of the Russian Federation.
The Donetsk coal basin was discovered at the beginning of the 18th century. Its industrial development began at the end of the 19th century.
** Emigration from Donbass 2014-2016. According to the Ministry of Social Policy of Ukraine, since 2014, 1.6 million IDPs from Donbass and Crimea have been registered. Experts also note that these figures are not true, since not all refugee emigrants are registered.
***Vladimir Dal was born in the village of Lugansky Zavod (now Lugansk) of the Yekaterinoslav Viceroyalty, Russian Empire on November 10 (22), 1801, in the family of Ivan Matveyevich Dal, a doctor in the mining department, and his wife Maria Khristoforovna, nee Freytag.
His father, the Russified Dane Johann (Johann) Christian Dahl (Dan. Johan Christian Dahl, 1764 - October 21, 1821), took Russian citizenship along with the Russian name Ivan Matveyevich Dahl in 1799. He knew many languages, was a theologian and physician. His fame as a linguist reached the Empress Catherine II, who called him to St. Petersburg for the post of court librarian. Johann Dahl later went to Jena, took a medical course there and returned to Russia with a doctorate in medicine. The Russian medical license reads: “Ivan Matveev, son of Dal, on March 8, 1792, was awarded the medical practice to manage the medical practice in the Russian Empire.” Ivan Dal in St. Petersburg married Maria Khristoforovna Freytag, they had two daughters (Paulina and Alexandra) and four sons, one of whom was Vladimir Dal.
We dream that there will be peace in the Donbass, and this land will give Ukraine and the world more than one talented artist. On August 24, on Independence Day, watch the concert on the Inter TV channel "Dream of Ukraine", organized with the support of the Federation of Employers of Ukraine.
These people were not afraid to dream...
- Leonid Bykov
Born in 1928 in the village. Znamenskoye, now Donetsk region
Leonid Bykov / Film “Only “old men” go into battle
He dreamed of becoming a pilot, but because of his small stature he was expelled from the flight school. But Leonid Bykov fulfilled his dream when he made the film “Only Old Men Go to Battle”, where he played, perhaps, his main role of Captain Alexei Titarenko, “Maestro”.
Leonid Bykov also starred in the films “Maxim Perepelitsa”, “Volunteers”, “Alien Relatives”, “Aty-Bats, Soldiers Walked”, “Alyoshkin's Love”, etc. Almost every of his roles was iconic and brought him people's love.
Born in 1925 in the village. Konstantinovka, now Donetsk region
Nonna Mordyukova / liveinternet.ru
People's Artist of the USSR Nonna Mordyukova dreamed of acting in films since her childhood. Seeing the film "Bogdan Khmelnitsky" as a girl, she fell in love with the main character performed by Nikolai Mordvinov and decided to become an actress. She wrote him a letter, asking: “How to study for Lyubov Orlova? (note - famous Soviet actress)". In June 1941, when the war was not yet known, the famous actor replied: “Finish school, get a certificate and come to Moscow, find me.” During the war, the family of Nonna Viktorovna had to endure the occupation of Nazi Germany, she was unable to evacuate, and the family was forced to hide from the Germans. But even these events could not kill the dream of becoming an actress. After the end of the war, Mordyukova entered VGIK without preparation. The first role of Nonna Mordyukova was Uliana Gromova in the film "Young Guard". After this tape, the actress woke up famous.
Today, Nonna Mardyukova is included in the top twenty of the most outstanding actresses of the 20th century by the editorial board of the British encyclopedia "Who is Who" ("Who is Who")
Born in 1972 in Donetsk
Olga Lomonosova / youtube.com
The star of the famous series "Don't Be Born Beautiful" Olga Lomonosova fulfilled the dream of her mother, who dreamed of becoming a ballerina.
After graduating from the Kiev Choreographic School, Lomonosova moved to Moscow, where she tours a lot. But due to an injury, she was forced to end her career as a ballerina. Life did not end there: Olga entered the Shchukin Theater School. On the street, they began to recognize her after the role of Kira in the TV series Don't Be Born Beautiful. Now she is one of the most sought-after actresses. She hopes that her daughter will fulfill her dream and become an artist.
- Alexander Revva
Born in 1974 in Donetsk
As a child, Alexander Revva dreamed of becoming a magician. But, the first job of the now famous showman and comedian was to work at the mine as an electrician. “After the ninth grade, I went to a technical school and received the specialty “Underground Electrician of the fourth category. I worked in a mine at a depth of 1375 meters. I will never forget! After that, I realized that a miner is a very difficult and dangerous profession. You are walking along a drift, you can’t see anything, your horse race is on fire, there is no air, coal dust. Then, when you get up, you only have eyes!” Revva says.
Thanks to his talent and successful performances at KVN games, Alexander still managed to realize his dream - to surprise people from the stage. In his repertoire there is a number where Alexander plays the magician Gennady.
Born in 1897 in Debaltseve, now Donetsk region
Vladimir Sosiura / wikimedia.org
The famous Ukrainian poet Volodymyr Sosyura dreamed and fought for the independence of Ukraine. Despite censorship and political persecution, the poet was not afraid to write bold poems for his time, for which he was repeatedly accused of nationalism. One of his most famous poems was the verse "Love Ukraine", which was written in 1944.
Love Ukraine, like the sun, love,
like wind, and herbs, and water ...
Happy in the year and in joy,
love at the time of the wicked. Love Ukraine in a dream in reality,
cherry my Ukraine,
beauty її, forever live and new,
and mova її nightingale. Mіzh fraternal peoples, we will lighten the garden,
shines over the eyelids...
Love Ukraine with all your heart
and all your affairs. For us, there is one in the world, one
in the expanses of licorice charm ...
Vaughn at the stars, and at the willows,
and hit the skin heart,
Born in 1932 in Donetsk
Anatoly Solovyanenko / moskva.fm
The world-famous opera singer, Hero of Ukraine Anatoly Solovyanenko dreamed of becoming a singer and perfected his talent all his life. Singing came first for him. Solovyanenko often repeated: "I am a slave to my voice."
In 1990, among 14 world-famous tenors, Anatoly Solovyanenko took part in a concert dedicated to the 100th anniversary of the birth of the great Italian tenor Beniamino Gigli, which took place in Verona on the Arena di Verona stage.
Today in Donetsk, the Donetsk Academic State Opera and Ballet Theater is named after Anatoly Solovyanenko.
- Sergey Sivokho
Born in 1969 in Donetsk
The way to the world of show business was given to Sergey Sivokha by his comedic talent and KVN, which allowed himself to be shown. Perhaps, otherwise, Sergey Anatolyevich would have to work in the specialty “metal forming”, which he received at the Donetsk Polytechnic Institute.
One of his most famous projects was the Hidden Camera program, thanks to which many fell in love with the original and colorful host Sivoho. Sergei Sivokho is an ardent fan of FC Shakhtar Donetsk and dreams of living until his favorite team wins the Champions League.
- Sergei Prokofiev
Born in 1891 in the village of Sontsovka (now the village of Krasnoye, Krasnoarmeisky district, Donetsk region of Ukraine)
S.S. Prokofiev and M.L. Rostropovich in Prokofiev's office. Moscow, 1952/virtual.glinka.museum
The most performed composer of the 20th century, Sergei Sergeevich Prokofiev, was born 55 km from Donetsk. The parents of the future great musician from his very birth dreamed that he would succeed, and in every possible way contributed to his musical development, despite the difficulties of that time.
Sergei Prokofiev has long been recognized as a genius in Europe and America, and classical music festivals "Prokofiev's Spring" are regularly held in Ukraine.
Born in 1877 in the village of Verkhne-Khanzhenovsky, Russian Empire (now the village of Khanzhenkovo in the city of Makeevka, Donetsk region)
Alexander Khanzhonkov / proza.ru
Alexander Khanzhonkov is the founder of Russian cinema, one of the first who began not only to shoot, but also to earn a lot of money on cinema. After being transferred to the reserve from the army, Khanzhonkov invested the considerable payment of 5 thousand rubles in the film business, which was due at that time. At first, he and his partners were engaged in the distribution of foreign films. Then Khanzhonkov started producing his own films. He was the producer of the world's first film created by the method of volumetric animation, called "The War of the Stags with the Mustaches."
One of the most famous "blockbusters" of those times was Khanzhonkov's film about the defense of Sevastopol during the Crimean War. For the filming of battle scenes, the help of Emperor Nicholas II was needed. Thanks to the emperor, real military units of the Russian army and a real ship were filmed in the frame, which, according to the scenario, will be sunk.
Born in 1979 in Donetsk
Julia Filippova / todes.lv
The soloist of the famous dance group "Todes" Yulia Filippova came to her fame thanks to hard work and luck. 12 years of pair acrobatics allowed the dancer to prove herself and draw attention to herself. “I worked in the Donetsk restaurant Tallinn, in the Dance-Atelier show-ballet. I had solo acrobatic numbers there. I was seen by the guys from Todes, who were in Donetsk on tour with Valery Leontiev. And they offered to come to Moscow for viewing. I arrived, and they took me, ”says Yulia Filippova.
Some time ago, Filippova left the stage due to a back injury and the birth of a child, but last year she found the strength to return, continuing to win the sympathy of the audience.
On the eve of World Writers' Day, which is celebrated on March 3, we propose to recall the most famous names of these creators who were born in our region or lived here for some time and created famous works.
Legendary Merciless
The author of the famous lines “No one forced the Donbass to kneel and it was not given to anyone” Pavel Ivanov (Merciless - a pseudonym, which later became a surname - he stigmatized the bourgeoisie in poems very harshly) was born in the Smolensk province. Then the family moved to our region. He published the collections “Stone Book”, “Mountain Flame”, “Cranes Are Flying Over the Mine”, “Miner's Poems”, “Donetsk Spaces” ... He helped a lot - both with advice and deed - to novice writers. In May, it will be 45 years since the death of this bright man, whose name is given to the streets in Gorlovka and Donetsk.
Song Plyatskovsky
Enakiyevets Mikhail Plyatskovsky at one time worked in the local factory circulation magazine "For Metal". He described the beauties of his native land, romanticized the work of the steel plant. And even then, according to the former chairman of the Donetsk regional organization of the National Union of Writers of Ukraine Stanislav Zhukovsky, who was friends with the author of the future hits "Lada", "The roof of your house", "Mother's eyes", "Through two winters", he tried to sing his poems. Then he left to conquer Moscow. And conquered the entire Union.
Fairy Kostyr
Ivan Sergeevich was born in the Dnepropetrovsk region, and began to write in Kyiv, while studying at the medical institute. But he created his main works on Donetsk soil. For eight years he worked in Gorlovka as a doctor - first as a pediatrician, then as a child psychiatrist. Finally, he plunged headlong into creativity. He gave us "The Tale of the Solar Brothers", "How the Beasts Gained Wit". And, of course, - "Thoughts about Donbass", where legends, miners' tales were intricately intertwined, there were real facts. It was Kostyria who initiated the letter to scientists, which resulted in the assignment of the name Donbass to the minor planet No. 19916, discovered in 1976.
Medical Grossman
Few people know, but the creator of the great novel “Life and Fate”, who was born in the Zhytomyr region, also came into contact with the mining region. From 1929 to 1932 Vasily Semyonovich lived in Donetsk. He worked as an assistant chemist at the Regional Institute of Pathology and Occupational Health, and was also an assistant at the Department of General Chemistry at the Medical Institute. Two years after leaving for Moscow, Grossman published a story from the life of miners and factory intelligentsia - Glukauf. It was published in the Literary Donbass newspaper with the support of Maxim Gorky.
Historic Le
The classic of the Ukrainian historical novel (“Nalivaiko”, “Bogdan Khmelnitsky”) Ivan Le (in fact, his surname Moisya - from his native village of Moisentsy, in the Cherkasy region) arrived in Artyomovsk in 1929 as a venerable writer. He was 35 at that time, collections of stories were published, it is written "Roman of Intermountain". But even in our region, where Le edited the Zaboy magazine for two years, he found room for creativity. About the Donbass, his “Rhythms of a Miner”, “Integral” (in this story he gives, as it were, his own version of the ending of “Moloch”, transferring the action, and with it some of the Kuprin heroes, to the years of the first five-year plan), “Two days in Novokramatorsk”. ..
Fair Jester
Poet and prose writer, defender of Leningrad from invaders, and our heroes from oblivion, honorary citizen of Donetsk. All this is Viktor Shutov. He left us a rich legacy: collections of poems, novels, books for children, stories, essays about Donetsk. And, of course, songs about our region - “Lyrical Miner”, “City of Blue Spoils”, “Beloved Donbass”, “Saur-Mogila”. Thanks to his perseverance, fighting character, thirst for justice, the books "Death Faced", "Ordinary Undergrounds" and others appeared, revealing the truth about the activities of the Donetsk underground during the years of occupation. A street in the regional center is named after Shutov, as well as a literary prize.
Hearty Rybalko
The front-line soldier, who received three orders of the Red Star and lost his sight after being wounded in February 1945 at the Oder bridgehead, glorified Kramatorsk, of which he became an honorary resident. Starting in the 1950s, he published 25 collections of poetry, becoming in 1968 the laureate of the Republican Komsomol Prize. Nikolai Ostrovsky (for "The Road to the Heights"), and in 1985 - the winner of the State Prize of Ukraine named after. Shevchenko (for the book "Unset Star"). The title of one of the collections - "Through the Eyes of the Heart" - explains why the poetry of Nikolai Alexandrovich was so popular (letters came to him from all over the USSR). Alexander Bilash's song to Rybalko's verses "I lived in such times" became a laureate of the All-Union television competition "Song-75".
Unbending Stus
The famous dissident, who posthumously became the Hero of Ukraine, spent his school and student years in our region. For some time he taught in Gorlovka, in 1963 he worked for seven months in our newspaper as a literary editor. In the mining region, Vasily Semyonovich began to write. So much so that the well-known modern writer Oksana Zabuzhko, reading his poem “Bald Mountain” during her visit to Donetsk, called it “a lyrical map of Donbass, set by Stus, where the howls of Donetsk winds are heard in the phonetics itself.” It was the Donetsk region, according to Oksana Stefanovna, that shaped his personality. Recently in the regional scientific library. Krupskaya opened the literary museum of Vasily Stus, the main part of which migrated from Gorlovka.
Exciting Sosyura
Born in Debaltsevo, he started out as an agronomist. He took a sip of mining labor, the civil war (and fought first on the side of the UNR, then for the Red Army), during the Great Patriotic War he was a war correspondent, in 51 he became the object of harassment after an article in the Pravda newspaper, which accused him of " bourgeois nationalism" for the famous poem "Love Ukraine". The authorities either favored the poet (the revolutionary-romantic poem “Chervona Winter”, written in 1922, brought glory), then lowered him to the very top ... Exciting, like his life, Sosyura, who created a huge amount of intimate love lyrics, became a laureate of the Stalin awards, was awarded two Orders of Lenin.
Artyomovsky Gorbatov
Co-author of the scripts for the TV films “It was in the Donbass”, “Unconquered” and “Donetsk miners”, one of the founders of the association of proletarian writers of Donbass “Slaughter”, the father of the famous novel “Donbass” - originally from the Luhansk region. He spent most of his life in Moscow, where he was buried at the Novodevichy Cemetery. But in our region, namely in Artyomovsk (then - Bakhmut) - he spent a lot of time. Here Boris Leontyevich graduated from school, found his vocation, began to publish. At the age of 14, he was already a work correspondent for the provincial Kochegarka. For some time he worked as a metal planer at the Kramatorsk plant, and then he plunged headlong into journalism. Gorbatov created the first stories and novel ("Our City") on Donetsk land.
Filmed Rozdobudko
This Donetsk woman is now in the top 10 most published Ukrainian writers. Winner of three national competitions "Coronation of the word", winner of the international literary prize named after. Prince Yuri Dolgorukov. Based on the works of our countrywoman, full-length films and TV series “Button”, “Autumn Flowers”, “Mysterious Island”, “Trap” were shot. As she admitted to Donbass, her childhood memories related to life in the Kalininsky district of Donetsk were reflected in the novels Yakby (If ...), The Sixth Door.
Fantastic Berezin
We also have creators of parallel realities and other worlds. Fedor Berezin from Donetsk, who served as a rocket officer in Kazakhstan, and then in the Far East, having retired to the reserve with the rank of captain, returned to his native city. He was an entrepreneur, a marketer. I took up writing 15 years ago. Yes, not jokingly - in 2001, he founded the Wanderer science fiction club in the capital of the region, and also took first place at the Star Bridge International Science Fiction Festival in the Best Debut nomination (for the Ashes novel). Berezin defines his genre as "fantasy-stico-philosophical technothriller". His books are printed by Moscow publishing houses.
Talents are countless!
Among those who glorified our land were the author of the trilogy "The Tale of a Severe Friend", "The Fate of Ilyusha Barabanov" and "Red Sabers", as well as many stories, short stories and essays dedicated to our land ("Fires of Donbass", "Miner's Tales ”, “Battle on the Kalmius River”) Leonid Zharikov; after the liberation of Donbass, Pavel Baydebur, who raised the local writers' organization; the magnificent lyricist Natalya Khatkina (since 2010, a literary competition has been held in Donetsk in memory of her); laureates of the USSR State Prize Sergey Borzenkov and Vladimir Popov; laureates of the State Prize of Ukraine - Leonid Talalay and Ivan Dziuba. The poetic work of Anatoliy Kravchenko was commended by the All-Ukrainian Prize. Ushakov and international them. Vinnichenko. The latter was also received by the poet Vladimir Kalinichenko and the prose writer, long-term "helmsman" of the literary magazine "Donbass" Viktor Logachev. The head of the region's writers' organization, the author of humorous prose, Pavel Kushch, is the only one of our fellow countrymen who has been awarded the prize. Ostap Cherry. Donchanin Oleg Zavyazkin with the collection “Malyava. Poems about death and love "in 2007 won the international competition" Russian Prize ".
Prepared by Andrey Krivtsun.