The comedy “Woe from Wit” is the most famous work of Alexander Griboedov. In it, he revealed many interesting and important topics and assessed his contemporaries. The author associates himself with the main character, Alexander Chatsky, and it is in his remarks that the writer’s thoughts are heard. The main ideas are most often heard in the character's monologues. They play a very important role in the ideological sense of comedy. The entire work contains six monologues, and each of them characterizes the hero from a new perspective and develops the plot.

One in 25 fools

Analysis of Chatsky’s monologue “Who are the judges?” shows how different this passage is from the usual speeches of the heroes. The statement of the main character goes far beyond the scope of the situation in which he finds himself, and it is intended not for the “Famus” society, but for the reader. This monologue is almost the most important in the entire work, because it expresses the development of the social conflict, and the ideological meaning of the entire comedy appears.

The writer created a specific one in which this passage is explained from a psychological point of view as a “counterstrike”. But the analysis of Chatsky’s monologue “Who are the judges?” suggests that it is much “broader” in its ideological and artistic role. Alexander Andreevich could limit himself to sarcastic remarks and use them to fight off his opponents. Chatsky wanted to make a detailed, accusatory speech. “Who are the judges?” - the main character asks Skalozub and Famusov, but his remark mainly concerns not them, but the entire “Famusov society”.

"Laughter through tears"

The only reasonable person in the entire work is Alexander Andreevich, he is surrounded by fools on all sides, and this is the main character’s misfortune. Analysis of Chatsky’s monologue “Who are the judges?” shows that Alexander Andreevich cannot find a common language not with individuals, but with the entire conservative society. The protagonist’s remarks do not make him funny; rather, Skalozub creates a comical situation with his reaction to Chatsky’s answer. The reader sympathizes with Alexander Andreevich, in this case the comedy already turns into drama.

Confrontation with society

An analysis of Chatsky’s monologue shows how difficult it is for a person to take root in a society in which other moods and ideas reign. Griboedov, in his comedy, warned readers about the changes that had occurred in the circles of the Decembrists. If previously freethinkers could calmly give their speeches at balls, now the reaction of conservative society has intensified. The Decembrists are conspiring, restructuring the activities of societies in accordance with the new rules.

Analysis of Chatsky’s monologue “Who are the judges?” shows that such a speech could only be made at closed meetings of secret societies in a circle of like-minded people, and not in the master’s living room. Unfortunately, Alexander Andreevich has no idea about this, since in recent years he has been traveling and staying far from his homeland. He does not know the mood prevailing in society, he does not know about the reaction of the authorities and those around him to such bold speeches, so he pronounces his monologue in front of fools who do not want and cannot understand him.

Chatsky's monologue "Who are the judges?.." from the comedy "" (1824) by the Russian writer and diplomat (1795 - 1829) is given in act 2, scene 5 of the comedy. Chatsky responds to criticism of Famusov.

Chatsky's monologue is the most famous episode from the comedy "". The first phrase of the monologue "" became a catchphrase.

Chatsky's monologue (action 2, episode 5)

Who are the judges? - In ancient times

Their enmity towards a free life is irreconcilable,

Judgments are drawn from forgotten newspapers

The times of the Ochakovskys and the conquest of Crimea;

Always ready to fight,

Everyone sings the same song,

Without noticing about yourself:

The older it is, the worse it is.

Where? show us, fathers of the fatherland,

Which ones should we take as models?

Aren't these the ones who are rich in robbery?

They found protection from court in friends, in kinship,

Magnificent building chambers,

Where they spill out in feasts and extravagance,

And where foreign clients will not be resurrected

The meanest features of the past life.

And who in Moscow didn’t have their mouths covered?

Lunches, dinners and dances?

Aren't you the one to whom I was born from the shrouds?

For some incomprehensible plans,

Did they take the child to bow?

Made all of Moscow marvel at their beauty!

But the debtors did not agree to a deferment:

Cupids and Zephyrs all

Sold out individually!!!

These are the ones who lived to see their gray hairs!

This is who we should respect in the wilderness!

Here are our strict connoisseurs and judges!

Now let one of us

Among the young people there will be: the enemy of quests,

Without demanding either places or promotion,

He will focus his mind on science, hungry for knowledge;

Or God himself will stir up heat in his soul

To the creative, high and beautiful arts,—

They immediately: robbery! fire!

And he will be known among them as a dreamer! dangerous!! —

Uniform! one uniform! he is in their former life

Once covered, embroidered and beautiful,

Their weakness, poverty of reason;

And we follow them on a happy journey!

And in wives and daughters there is the same passion for the uniform!

How long ago did I renounce tenderness towards him?!

Now I can’t fall into this childishness;

But who wouldn’t follow everyone then?

When from the guard, others from the court

Came here for a while:

The women shouted: hurray!

And they threw caps into the air!”

Notes

1) - the main character of the work. A young nobleman, the son of Famusov’s late friend, Andrei Ilyich Chatsky. Chatsky and Sofya Famusova used to love each other.

2) - a middle-class Moscow nobleman. Serves as a manager in a government place. He was married, but his wife died shortly after giving birth, leaving her only daughter, Sophia. Famusov was friends with Chatsky’s late father.

3) The times of the Ochakovskys and the conquest of Crimea- the fortress and city of Ochakov was taken by Russian troops on December 6 (17), 1788 in the Russian-Turkish War of 1787-1791. The overall command of the assault was carried out by Prince Potemkin, the army was commanded by the commander (1730 - 1800). According to the Treaty of Jassy in 1791, the fortress went to Russia.

4) Nestor (ca. 1056 - 1114)- Old Russian chronicler, monk of the Kiev Pechersk Monastery.

5) Zephyrs and Amur— Zephyr is an ancient Greek mythological deity, the softest of the winds, the messenger of spring. Cupid is the god of love in ancient Roman mythology.

The role of Chatsky’s monologues in A. S. Griboyedov’s comedy “Woe from Wit”

The comedy “Woe from Wit” was written by A. S. Griboyedov after the Patriotic War of 1812, that is, during the period when profound socio-political changes were taking place in the life of Russia.

With his work, Griboyedov responded to the most pressing issues of our time, such as serfdom, personal freedom and independence of thought, the state of enlightenment and education, careerism and veneration of rank, admiration for foreign culture. The ideological meaning of “Woe from Wit” is the opposition of two ways of life and worldviews: the old, serfdom (“past century”) and the new, progressive (“present century”).

“The present century” is presented in a comedy by Chatsky, who is an ideologist of new views. He expresses his attitude towards everything happening in society. That is why the monologues of the main character occupy such an important place in the play. They reveal Chatsky’s attitude to the main problems of his contemporary society. His monologues also carry a large plot load: they appear in the play at turning points in the development of the conflict.

We meet the first monologue already in the exhibition. It begins with the words “Well, what about your father?..”, and in it Chatsky gives a description of Moscow morals. He notes with bitterness that during his absence in Moscow, nothing has changed significantly. And here for the first time he starts talking about the system of education accepted in society. The children of Russian nobles are raised by foreign tutors “in more numbers, at a cheaper price.” The younger generation is growing up in the belief “that without the Germans we have no salvation.” Chatsky mockingly and at the same time bitterly notes that in order to be considered educated in Moscow, you need to speak “a mixture of French and Nizhny Novgorod languages.”

The second monologue (“And sure enough, the world began to grow stupid...”) is associated with the outbreak of the conflict, and it is dedicated to the contrast between the “present century” and the “past century.” This monologue is maintained in a calm, slightly ironic tone, which is psychologically justified. Chatsky loves Famusov's daughter and does not want to irritate her father. But Chatsky does not want to agree with Famusov, who insults his pride, his views as a free-thinking person. Moreover, this monologue is caused by the moral teachings of Sophia’s father, his advice on how to make a career, using the experience of the unforgettable uncle Maxim Petrovich.

Chatsky categorically disagrees with this. The entire accusatory meaning of the protagonist’s words lies in the fact that he is trying to explain to Famusov the difference between two historical periods, past and present. The Catherine era, which evokes such tenderness in Famusov, is defined by Chatsky as “the age of humility and fear.” Chatsky believes that now different times have come, when there are no people who want to “make people laugh, bravely sacrifice the back of their heads.” He sincerely hopes that the techniques and methods of the nobles of Catherine’s time are a thing of the past, and the new century values people who are truly honest and dedicated to the cause, and not to individuals:

Although there are hunters everywhere to be mean,
Yes, nowadays laughter frightens and keeps shame in check,
It’s not for nothing that the sovereigns pity them so little.

Third monologue “Who are the judges?” - the most famous and striking monologue of the main character. It occurs at the moment of development of the conflict in the play. It is in this monologue that Chatsky’s views receive the most complete coverage. Here the hero clearly expresses his anti-serfdom views, which later gave critics the opportunity to bring Chatsky closer to the Decembrists. How different the tone of this passionate monologue is from the peace-loving lines of the previous one! Citing specific examples of the manifestation of the monstrous attitude of nobles towards serfs, Chatsky is horrified by the lawlessness that reigns in Russia:

That Nestor of noble scoundrels,
Surrounded by a crowd of servants;

Zealous, they are in the hours of wine and fights
And his honor and life saved him more than once: suddenly
He traded three greyhounds for them!!!

Another master sells his serf actors:

But the debtors did not agree to a deferment:
Cupids and Zephyrs all
Sold out individually!

“Where, show us, are the fathers of the fatherland, // Which we should take as models?” - the main character asks bitterly. In this monologue one can hear the genuine pain of a man who knows the value of the “fathers of the fatherland,” who are “rich in robbery” and protected from trial by the entire existing system: connections, bribes, acquaintances, position. The new man cannot, according to the hero, come to terms with the existing slave position of the “smart, vigorous people.” And how can one come to terms with the fact that the defenders of the country, the heroes of the War of 1812, the gentlemen have the right to exchange or sell. Chatsky raises the question of whether serfdom should exist in Russia.

Griboyedov’s hero is also outraged by the fact that such “strict connoisseurs and judges” persecute everything freedom-loving, free and defend only the ugly and unprincipled. In this monologue of the hero, the voice of the author himself is heard, expressing his innermost thoughts. And, after listening to Chatsky’s passionate monologue, any sane person should inevitably come to the conclusion that such a state of affairs cannot exist in a civilized country.

With the words “There is an insignificant meeting in that room...” begins another monologue of Chatsky. It marks the climax and resolution of the conflict. Answering Sophia’s question “Tell me, what makes you so angry?”, Chatsky, as usual, gets carried away and does not notice that no one is listening to him: everyone is dancing or playing cards. Chatsky speaks into emptiness, but in this monologue he also touches on an important issue. He is outraged by the “Frenchman from Bordeaux” as an example of the admiration of Russian nobles for everything foreign. With fear and tears, he went to Russia, and then he was delighted and felt like an important person, having not met there “neither a Russian sound nor a Russian face.” Chatsky is offended by the fact that the Russian language, national customs and culture should be placed much lower than foreign ones. He ironically proposes to borrow from the Chinese the “wise... ignorance of foreigners.” And he continues:

Will we ever be resurrected from the alien power of fashion?
So that our smart, cheerful people
Although he didn’t consider us Germans based on our language,

The last monologue comes at the denouement of the plot. Chatsky says here that he will never be able to come to terms with the morals and orders of Famusov’s Moscow. He is not surprised that this society of people, terrified of everything new and advanced, declares him insane:

You are right: he will come out of the fire unharmed,
Who will have time to spend a day with you,
Breathe the air alone
And his sanity will survive.

So, Chatsky left the Famusovs’ house offended and disappointed, and yet he is not perceived as a defeated person, a loser, because he managed to remain faithful to his ideals, to remain himself.

Monologues help us understand not only the character of the main character. They tell us about the order that existed in Russia at that time, about the hopes and aspirations of progressive people of that time. They are important both in the semantic and structural construction of the play. Thinking readers and viewers should definitely think about the main problems of Russian society during Griboyedov’s time, many of which are still relevant today.

How to learn Chatsky’s monologue “And who are the judges..?” How to learn Chatsky's monologue "Who are the judges..?"

Is it even possible to learn this in an evening? Tomorrow they will ask.
Record an excerpt on a tape recorder and listen to it many times - after the 20th, it will bounce off your teeth, I guarantee.
walk around the room and teach. I also taught at one time.
You can print it out, but there is no way to rewrite it (copying the text is one of the ways to remember it), and then learn it no longer on the computer.
Who are the judges? - For the antiquity of years
Their enmity towards a free life is irreconcilable,
Judgments are drawn from forgotten newspapers
The times of the Ochakovskys and the conquest of Crimea;
Always ready to fight,
Everyone sings the same song,
Without noticing about yourself:
The older it is, the worse it is.
Where, tell us, are the fatherlands, *
Which ones should we take as models?
Aren't these the ones who are rich in robbery?
They found protection from court in friends, in kinship,
Magnificent building chambers,
Where they spill out in feasts and extravagance,
And where foreign clients will not be resurrected *
The meanest features of the past life.
And who in Moscow didn’t have their mouths covered?
Lunches, dinners and dances?
Aren't you the one to whom I was still from the shrouds,
For some incomprehensible plans,
Did you take the children to bow?
That Nestor * noble scoundrels,
Surrounded by a crowd of servants;
Zealous, they are in the hours of wine and fights
And his honor and life saved him more than once: suddenly
He traded three greyhounds for them!! !
Or that one over there, which is for tricks
He drove to the serf ballet on many wagons
From mothers and fathers of rejected children? !
I myself am immersed in mind in Zephyrs and Cupids,
Made all of Moscow marvel at their beauty!
But the debtors * did not agree to the deferment:
Cupids and Zephyrs all
Sold out individually!! !
These are the ones who lived to see their gray hairs!
This is who we should respect in the wilderness!
Here are our strict connoisseurs and judges!
Now let one of us
Among the young people, there will be an enemy of quest,
Without demanding either places or promotion,
He will focus his mind on science, hungry for knowledge;
Or God himself will stir up heat in his soul
To the creative, high and beautiful arts, -
They immediately: robbery! fire!
And he will be known among them as a dreamer! dangerous! ! -
Uniform! one uniform! he is in their former life
Once covered, embroidered and beautiful,
Their weakness, poverty of reason;
And we follow them on a happy journey!
And in wives and daughters there is the same passion for the uniform!
How long ago did I renounce tenderness towards him? !
Now I can’t fall into this childishness;
But who wouldn’t follow everyone then?
When from the guard, others from the court
We came here for a while -
The women shouted: hurray!
And they threw caps into the air!

Who are the judges?

Who are the judges?
From the comedy “Woe from Wit” (1824) by A. S. Griboedov (1795-1829). Chatsky's words (act. 2, appearance 5).
Who are the judges? for ancient times
Their enmity towards a free life is irreconcilable,
Judgments are drawn from forgotten newspapers
The times of the Ochakovskys and the conquest of Crimea.
About contempt for the opinions of authorities who are no better than those whom these judges are trying to blame, criticize, etc.

Encyclopedic Dictionary of winged words and expressions. - M.: “Locked-Press”. Vadim Serov. 2003.

Who are the judges?

Quote from the comedy A.S. Griboyedov "Woe from Wit" (1824), no. 2, yavl. 5, words by Chatsky:

Who are the judges? - For the antiquity of years, their enmity is irreconcilable towards a free life, Judgments are drawn from forgotten newspapers of the times of Ochakovsky and the conquest of the Crimea.

Dictionary of catch words. Plutex. 2004.

See what is "Who are the judges?" in other dictionaries:

Wed. I’m not the only one who also condemns (Famusov). Per. “Who are the judges?” Griboyedov. Woe comes from the Mind. 2, 5. Chatsky. Wed. The insignificant court of the Crowd, biased in its decisions, and flighty and discordant. Zhukovsky. See Street... Michelson's Large Explanatory and Phraseological Dictionary (original spelling)

Wed. I'm not the only one who criticizes everyone as well. (Famusov). Wed. Who are the judges? Griboyedov. Woe from the mind. 2, 5. Chatsky. Wed. The insignificant court of the Crowd, in decisions biased, And windy and discordant. Zhukovsky. See street... Michelson's Large Explanatory and Phraseological Dictionary

Who are the judges?- wing. sl. Quote from A. S. Griboyedov’s comedy “Woe from Wit” (1824), d. 2, yavl. 5, words by Chatsky: Who are the judges? For the antiquity of years, their enmity is irreconcilable towards a free life, Judgments are drawn from forgotten newspapers of the times of Ochakovsky and the conquest of the Crimea... Universal additional practical explanatory dictionary by I. Mostitsky

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