The story “And the Dawns Here Are Quiet,” written by Boris Lvovich Vasiliev (life: 1924-2013), first appeared in 1969. The work, according to the author himself, is based on a real military episode when, after being wounded, seven soldiers serving on the railway prevented a German sabotage group from blowing it up. After the battle, only one sergeant, the commander of the Soviet fighters, managed to survive. In this article we will analyze “And the Dawns Here Are Quiet” and describe the brief content of this story.
War is tears and grief, destruction and horror, madness and the extermination of all living things. She brought misfortune to everyone, knocking on every house: wives lost their husbands, mothers lost their sons, children were forced to be left without fathers. Many people went through it, experienced all these horrors, but they managed to survive and win the hardest war ever endured by humanity. We begin the analysis of “And the Dawns Here Are Quiet” with a brief description of the events, commenting on them along the way.
Boris Vasiliev served as a young lieutenant at the beginning of the war. In 1941, he went to the front while still a schoolboy, and two years later was forced to leave the army due to severe shell shock. Thus, this writer knew the war firsthand. Therefore, his best works are precisely about it, about the fact that a person manages to remain human only by fulfilling his duty to the end.
In the work “And the Dawns Here Are Quiet,” the content of which is war, it is felt especially acutely, since it is turned on an unusual side for us. We are all used to associating men with her, but here the main characters are girls and women. They stood up against the enemy alone in the middle of Russian land: lakes, swamps. The enemy is hardy, strong, merciless, well armed, and many times outnumbers them.
The events take place in May 1942. A railway siding and its commander are depicted - Fyodor Evgrafych Vaskov, a 32-year-old man. The soldiers arrive here, but then start partying and drinking. Therefore, Vaskov writes reports, and in the end they send him anti-aircraft gunner girls under the command of Rita Osyanina, a widow (her husband died at the front). Then Zhenya Komelkova arrives, replacing the carrier killed by the Germans. All five girls had their own character.
Five different characters: analysis
“And the Dawns Here Are Quiet” is a work that describes interesting female characters. Sonya, Galya, Lisa, Zhenya, Rita - five different, but in some ways very similar girls. Rita Osyanina is gentle and strong-willed, distinguished by spiritual beauty. She is the most fearless, courageous, she is a mother. Zhenya Komelkova is white-skinned, red-haired, tall, with childish eyes, always laughing, cheerful, mischievous to the point of adventurism, tired of pain, war and painful and long love for a married and distant man. Sonya Gurvich is an excellent student, a refined poetic nature, as if she came out of a book of poems by Alexander Blok. Liza Brichkina always knew how to wait, she knew that she was destined for life, and it was impossible to avoid it. The latter, Galya, always lived more actively in the imaginary world than in the real one, so she was very afraid of this merciless terrible phenomenon that is war. “And the Dawns Here Are Quiet” portrays this heroine as a funny, never-grown-up, clumsy orphanage girl. Escape from an orphanage, notes and dreams... about long dresses, solo parts and universal worship. She wanted to become the new Lyubov Orlova.
The analysis of “And the Dawns Here Are Quiet” allows us to say that none of the girls were able to fulfill their desires, because they did not have time to live their lives.
Further developments
The heroes of “The Dawns Here Are Quiet” fought for their homeland like no one had ever fought before. They hated the enemy with all their souls. The girls always followed orders precisely, as young soldiers should. They experienced everything: losses, worries, tears. Right before the eyes of these fighters, their good friends died, but the girls held on. They fought to the death until the very end, did not let anyone through, and there were hundreds and thousands of such patriots. Thanks to them, it was possible to defend the freedom of the Motherland.
Death of Heroines
These girls had different deaths, just as the life paths followed by the heroes of “And the Dawns Here Are Quiet” were different. Rita was wounded by a grenade. She understood that she could not survive, that the wound was fatal, and she would have to die painfully and for a long time. Therefore, gathering the rest of her strength, she shot herself in the temple. Galya's death was as reckless and painful as she herself - the girl could have hidden and saved her life, but she did not. One can only guess what motivated her then. Perhaps just momentary confusion, perhaps cowardice. Sonya's death was cruel. She did not even manage to understand how the blade of the dagger pierced her cheerful young heart. Zhenya’s is a little reckless and desperate. She believed in herself until the very end, even when she was leading the Germans away from Osyanina, and did not doubt for a moment that everything would end well. Therefore, even after the first bullet hit her in the side, she was only surprised. After all, it was so implausible, absurd and stupid to die when you were only nineteen years old. Lisa's death happened unexpectedly. It was a very stupid surprise - the girl was pulled into the swamp. The author writes that until the last moment the heroine believed that “there will be tomorrow for her too.”
Sergeant Major Vaskov
Sergeant Major Vaskov, whom we have already mentioned in the summary of “And the Dawns Here Are Quiet,” is ultimately left alone in the midst of torment, misfortune, alone with death and three prisoners. But now he has five times more strength. What was human in this fighter, the best, but hidden deep in the soul, was suddenly revealed. He felt and worried both for himself and for his girls “sisters”. The foreman is sad, he doesn’t understand why this happened, because they need to give birth to children, not die.
So, according to the plot, all the girls died. What guided them when they went into battle, not sparing their own lives, defending their land? Perhaps just a duty to the Fatherland, to one’s people, perhaps courage, courage, patriotism? Everything was mixed up at that moment.
Sergeant Major Vaskov ultimately blames himself for everything, and not the fascists he hates. His words that he “put all five down” are perceived as a tragic requiem.
Conclusion
Reading the work “And the Dawns Here Are Quiet,” you involuntarily become an observer of the everyday life of anti-aircraft gunners at a bombed crossing in Karelia. This story is based on an episode that is insignificant in the enormous scale of the Great Patriotic War, but it is told in such a way that all its horrors appear before the eyes in all their ugly, terrible inconsistency with the essence of man. It is emphasized both by the fact that the work is titled “And the Dawns Here Are Quiet” and by the fact that its heroes are girls forced to participate in the war.
“And the Dawns Here Are Quiet” is a short story that, with piercing sincerity, tells about the fate of five young girls who died in the swampy Karelian forests. This book, written by Boris Vasiliev in 1969, tells so truthfully and touchingly about the military events of 1942 that in a relatively short period it twice managed to attract the attention of filmmakers. We will try to present a brief summary of “And the Dawns Here Are Quiet” so that this work does not seem to the reader a dry statement of facts, but forces him to familiarize himself with the original.
Chapter first
There is a war going on. The action takes place in May 1942. Thirty-two-year-old Fedot Evgrafych Vaskov, with the rank of foreman, commands the 171st railway siding. Shortly before the Finnish War, he got married, but when he returned, he discovered that his wife had gone south with the regimental veterinarian. Vaskov divorced her, and returned their common son, Igor, through the court and gave it to his mother to raise. A year later the boy was gone.
Everything is calm in his part. The servicemen, having looked around, begin to drink. Vaskov writes reports to his superiors. They send him a platoon of girls who make fun of his timidity.
This is the main essence of the first chapter, its summary. “And the dawns here are quiet” Vasiliev dedicated to those girls who served and accomplished their feat for the good of the Motherland.
Chapter two
The commander of the first squad of the platoon was a strict girl, Rita Osyanina. Her beloved husband died at the very beginning of the war. Son Albert is now being raised by her parents. Having lost her husband, Rita fiercely hated the Germans and treated the girls of her squad harshly.
However, her stern character softened after the cheerful beauty Zhenya Komelkova entered her department. Even a brief summary of “The Dawns Here Are Quiet” cannot ignore her tragic fate. In front of this girl’s eyes, her mother, brother, and sister were shot. Zhenya went to the front after their death, where she met Colonel Luzhin, who protected her. He is a family man, and the military authorities, having learned about their affair, sent Zhenya to the girls' group.
The three of them were friends: Rita, Zhenya and Galya Chetvertak - an unprepossessing plain girl whom Zhenya helped to “bloom” by fitting her tunic and styling her hair.
Rita visits her mother and son at night, who live nearby in the city. Of course, no one knows about this.
Chapter Three
Returning to the unit from mother and son, Osyanina notices Germans in the forest. There were two of them. She informs Vaskov about this.
This episode key determines the further summary of “And the Dawns Here Are Quiet.” Vasiliev arranges events in such a way that the fatal accident influences the subsequent narrative: if Rita had not run to the city to see her mother and son, the entire subsequent story would not have happened.
She reports what she saw to Vaskov. Fedot Efgrafych calculates the route of the Nazis - the Kirov Railway. The foreman decides to go there a short way - through the swamps to the Sinyukhin ridge and there to wait for the Germans, who, as he hoped, would go along the ring road. Five girls go with him: Rita, Zhenya, Galya, Lisa Brichkina and Sonya Gurvich.
Fedot tells his charges: “In the evening the air here is damp and dense, and the dawns here are quiet...”. A summary can hardly convey the tragedy of this small work.
Chapters four, five
The girls, led by Vaskov, cross the swamp.
Sonya Gurvich is from Minsk. She comes from a large family, her dad is a local doctor. She doesn’t know what’s happening to her family now. The girl graduated from her first year at Moscow University and speaks German well. Her first love, a young man with whom she attended lectures, went to the front.
Galya Chetvertak is an orphan. After the orphanage, she entered the library technical school. When she was in her third year, the war began. While crossing the swamp, Galya loses her boot.
Chapter Six
All six safely crossed the swamp and, having reached the lake, wait for the Germans, who appear only in the morning. It turns out there are sixteen Germans, not two, as they expected.
Vaskov sends Lisa Brichkina on a mission to report on the situation.
While waiting for help, Vaskov and four girls pretend to be lumberjacks in order to mislead the Germans. Gradually they move to a new place.
Chapter Seven
Lisa Brichkina's father is a forester. The girl was unable to finish school because she had been caring for her sick mother for five years. Her first love is a hunter who stopped overnight at their house. She likes Vaskov.
Returning to the siding, while crossing the swamp, Lisa drowns.
Chapters eight, nine, ten, eleven
Vaskov discovers that he forgot the pouch, Sonya Gurvich volunteers to bring it, but she is killed by two Germans. The girl is buried.
Soon Vaskov and the girls see the rest of the Germans approaching them. Hiding, they decide to shoot first, hoping that the Nazis will be afraid of the invisible enemy. The calculation turns out to be correct: the Germans are retreating.
There is a disagreement between the girls: Rita and Zhenya blame Galya for being a coward. Vaskov stands up for Galya, and they go on reconnaissance together. Sonya, screaming, gives herself away, the Germans kill her.
Fedot Evgrafych leads the enemies away from Zhenya and Rita. He understands that Lisa did not make it and there will be no help.
We have almost outlined the summary of “And the Dawns Here Are Quiet.” An analysis of this work, of course, cannot be carried out without knowing how it ended.
Chapters twelve, thirteen, fourteen
Vaskov returns to the girls, they prepare for the last battle, in which they manage to kill several Germans. Rita is mortally wounded. Vaskov is looking for a safe place for her. Zhenya is killed by the Germans. Rita turns to Vaskov with a request to take care of her son and shoots herself in the temple. Vaskov buries Rita and Zhenya and heads to the enemy’s location. Having killed one, he orders the remaining four to tie themselves up and takes them prisoner. Seeing his own people, Vaskov loses consciousness.
Fedot Evgrafych keeps his promise to Rita and raises her son.
This is the summary of “The Dawns Here Are Quiet.” Boris Vasiliev spoke chapter by chapter about the fates of many girls of that time. They dreamed of great love, tenderness, family warmth, but they faced a cruel war... A war that did not spare a single family. The pain inflicted on people then lives in our hearts to this day.
More than sixty years ago, a terrible tragedy suddenly befell the Russian people. War is destruction, poverty, cruelty, death. War means thousands of people tortured, killed, tortured in camps, millions of crippled destinies.
We are accustomed to the fact that in war there is no place for sentimentality and tenderness, and the word “hero” in our understanding is necessarily a fighter, a soldier, in a word, a man. Everyone knows the names: Zhukov, Rokossovsky, Panfilov and many others, but few people know the names of those girls who went straight from the prom to the war, without whom, perhaps, there would have been no victory.
Few people know that nurses, our peers, pulled wounded soldiers from the battlefield to the whistle of bullets. If for a man the defense of the fatherland is a duty, a sacred duty, then women went to the front voluntarily. They were not accepted because of their young age, but they went anyway. They went and mastered professions that were previously considered only for men: pilot, tanker, anti-aircraft gunner... They went and killed enemies no worse than men. It was difficult for them, but they still went.
A lot of works have been written about the Great Patriotic War, which show without embellishment all the difficulties that people faced during the war, but most of all I was shocked by the story by B. L. Vasilyev “And the dawns here are quiet...”.
Boris Vasiliev is one of those writers who themselves went through the difficult roads of war, who defended their native land with arms in hand. In addition, he wrote many stories about what he had to endure during the difficult years at the front. And this is the experience of an eyewitness, and not the speculation of the creator.
The story “The Dawns Here Are Quiet...” tells us about the distant war years. The action takes place in May 1942. The main character, Fedot Evgrafovich Baskov, at his “own request” receives a female anti-aircraft machine gun battalion at his disposal: “Send in the non-drinkers... Non-drinkers and this... So, you know, about the female sex...”. The girls have a low opinion of their foreman and constantly make fun of him, calling him “a mossy stump.” And indeed, at thirty-two years old, Sergeant Major Basque was “older than himself,” he was a man of few words, but he knew and could do a lot.
All girls are not alike. The assistant sergeant, Sergeant Rita Osyanina, is a strict girl who rarely laughs.
Of the pre-war events, she most clearly remembers the school evening when she met her future husband, Senior Lieutenant Osyanin. He was shy, like herself, they danced together, talked... Rita got married, gave birth to a son, and “there simply couldn’t have been a happier girl.” But then the war began, and this happy fate was not destined to continue. Senior Lieutenant Osyanin died on the second day of the war, in a morning counterattack. Rita learned to hate, quietly and mercilessly, and, deciding to avenge her husband, she went to the front.
The complete opposite of Osyanina is Zhenya Komelkova. The author himself never ceases to admire her: “tall, red-haired, white-skinned. And the children’s eyes: green, round, like saucers.” Zhenya’s family: mother, grandmother, brother - the Germans killed everyone, but she managed to hide.
Yes. She ended up in the women's battery for having an affair with a married commander. Very artistic, emotional, she always attracted male attention. Her friends say about her: “Zhenya, you should go to the theater...”. Despite personal tragedies, Komelkova remained cheerful, mischievous, sociable and sacrificed her life for the sake of others, to save her wounded friend.
Vaskov immediately liked the fighter Lisa Brichkina. Fate did not spare her either: from childhood she had to manage the household herself, since her mother was very ill. She fed the cattle, cleaned the house, and cooked food. She became increasingly alienated from her peers. Lisa began to shy away, keep silent, and avoid noisy companies. One day her father brought a hunter from the city to the house, and she, seeing nothing but her sick mother and the house, fell in love with him, but he did not reciprocate her feelings. When leaving, he left Lisa a note with a promise to place her in a technical school with a dormitory in August... But the war did not allow these dreams to come true! Lisa also dies; she drowns in the swamp, rushing to the aid of her friends.
There are so many girls, so many destinies: everyone is different. But in one thing they are still similar: all destinies were broken and disfigured by the war. Having received an order not to let the Germans get to the railway, the girls carried it out at the cost of their own lives. All five girls who went on the mission died, but they died heroically, for their Motherland.
“And the dawns here are quiet...” is an artistic canvas of significant content, a work of deep civil and patriotic resonance. In 1975, B. Vasiliev was awarded the USSR State Prize for this story.
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The story takes place in May 1942. The commander of the railway crossing, Fedot Evgrafych Vaskov, asks his superiors to send him “non-drinking” soldiers, since everyone who comes to his crossing, feeling the calm that reigns there, soon begins to “drink and party.” Fedot Evgrafych himself does not accept such behavior. Finally, his superiors send him fighters with whom there is really no fear that they will start drinking - a female anti-aircraft platoon. The commander of this unusual platoon is Rita Osyanina, who simply hates the Germans, because because of them she became a widow a day after the start of the war. She has a son, Albert, who lives with her mother. And when there was talk about the need to transfer someone from the front line to the patrol under the command of Vaskov, Rita herself asks to transfer her platoon there, since the patrol is located next to the city where her son and mother live. Rita has a stern character, which all the girls in her platoon feel. Soon a new girl is sent to the platoon - Zhenya Kamelkova. Zhenya is a very beautiful, cheerful girl, she becomes close to Rita, helping her to thaw her soul.
Rita often secretly goes to the city to see her family. One day, making her way through the forest towards the crossing, she comes across two Germans in the forest, which she reports to Vaskov. He reports everything “up” and receives an order to detain the Germans. Vaskov assembles a squad of five girls - Rita, Zhenya, Sonya Gurvich, Lisa Brichkina and Galya Chetvertak. He understands that the Germans are going to the Kirov Railway, and decides to go to the Sinyukhina Ridge, where the only path to the railway crossing is a shortcut - straight through the swamp. He is the first to follow the path, which he knows well, and the girls follow him. They get to the Sinyukhin ridge and prepare to meet the Germans. When the Germans appeared, Vaskov sees that there are not two of them, but sixteen. Therefore, he decides to send Lisa Brichkina for reinforcements - he and five girls cannot cope with so many Germans. In the meantime, Liza runs to the patrol, Vaskov decides to deceive the Germans - he and the girls pretend to be lumberjacks. The Germans, hearing that someone is working in the forest right in front of them, decide to take a different route. Vaskov waits in vain for help - Liza, returning to the crossing, stumbled on the path and drowned in the swamp.
Vaskov and the girls decide to move to another place, but on the Sinyukhin ridge Vaskov forgets his tobacco pouch, and Sonya offers to bring it. In her haste, she does not notice two Germans emerging from the forest and dies. These Germans are killed by Vaskov and Zhenya. They bury Sonya.
The Germans are already approaching Vaskov and his squad, Vaskov and the girls begin to shoot. The Germans do not see them and therefore retreat, because they do not know how many people are firing at them. Vaskov goes on reconnaissance with Galya. But Galya is very frightened, and at the moment when the Germans pass next to them, her nerves cannot stand it, and she jumps out of the ambush. The Germans see her and shoot at her point-blank.
Vaskov decides to take the Germans away from the other girls. He is wounded in the arm, but manages to reach an island in the middle of the swamp. There he sees Lisa’s skirt in the swamp and the terrible truth dawns on him - he shouldn’t wait for reinforcements. He returns to the girls. Together they are going to take the fight. During the battle, Rita is wounded, Vaskov takes her to a safe place, at this time the Germans kill Zhenya, distracting them from Vaskov and the wounded Rita. Rita tells Vaskov about her son and asks him to take care of him. She herself, realizing that her wound was mortal, and not wanting Vaskov to be distracted by her at this moment, shoots herself. Vaskov buries Zhenya and Rita and goes to look for the remaining five Germans. He finds them in the forest lodge, kills one, and takes the rest prisoner. The four Germans themselves bind each other, since they do not even admit the thought that Vaskov is alone in the forest. He leads them through the forest and loses consciousness just at the moment when Russian soldiers come out to meet him.
The story ends with the fact that many years later a marble slab is brought to the grave where Rita is buried. She was brought by a gray-haired old man without an arm and a captain named Albert Fedotich.
More than sixty years ago, a terrible tragedy suddenly befell the Russian people. War is destruction, poverty, cruelty, death. War means thousands of people tortured, killed, tortured in camps, millions of crippled destinies.
We are accustomed to the fact that in war there is no place for sentimentality and tenderness, and the word “hero” in our understanding is necessarily a fighter, a soldier, in a word, a man. Everyone knows the names: Zhukov, Rokossovsky, Panfilov and many others, but few people know the names of those girls who straight from the prom
They found themselves in a war, without whom, perhaps, there would have been no victory.
Few people know that nurses, our peers, pulled wounded soldiers from the battlefield to the whistle of bullets. If for a man the defense of the fatherland is a duty, a sacred duty, then women went to the front voluntarily. They were not accepted because of their young age, but they went anyway. They went and mastered professions that had previously been considered only for men: pilot, tanker, anti-aircraft gunner. They walked and killed enemies no worse than men. It was difficult for them, but they still went.
A lot of works have been written about the Great Patriotic War, which show without embellishment all the difficulties that people faced during the war, but most of all I was shocked by B. L. Vasiliev’s story “And the Dawns Here Are Quiet.”
Boris Vasiliev is one of those writers who themselves went through the difficult roads of war, who defended their native land with arms in hand. In addition, he wrote many stories about what he had to endure during the difficult years at the front. And this is the experience of an eyewitness, and not the speculation of the creator.
The story “And the dawns here are quiet.” tells us about the distant war years. The action takes place in May 1942. The main character, Fedot Evgrafovich Baskov, at his “own request” receives a female anti-aircraft machine-gun battalion at his disposal: “Send in the non-drinkers. Non-drinkers and this. So, you know, about the female gender.” The girls have a low opinion of their foreman and constantly make fun of him, calling him “a mossy stump.” And indeed, at thirty-two years old, Sergeant Major Basque was “older than himself,” he was a man of few words, but he knew and could do a lot.
All girls are not alike. The assistant sergeant, Sergeant Rita Osyanina, is a strict girl who rarely laughs.
Of the pre-war events, she most clearly remembers the school evening when she met her future husband, Senior Lieutenant Osyanin. He was shy, like herself, they danced together and talked. Rita got married, gave birth to a son, and “there simply couldn’t have been a happier girl.” But then the war began, and this happy fate was not destined to continue. Senior Lieutenant Osyanin died on the second day of the war, in a morning counterattack. Rita learned to hate, quietly and mercilessly, and, deciding to avenge her husband, she went to the front.
The complete opposite of Osyanina is Zhenya Komelkova. The author himself never ceases to admire her: “tall, red-haired, white-skinned. And the children’s eyes: green, round, like saucers.” Zhenya’s family: mother, grandmother, brother - the Germans killed everyone, but she managed to hide. She ended up in the women's battery for having an affair with a married commander. Very artistic, emotional, she always attracted male attention. Her friends say about her: “Zhenya, you should go to the theater.” Despite personal tragedies, Komelkova remained cheerful, mischievous, sociable and sacrificed her life for the sake of others, to save her wounded friend.
Vaskov immediately liked the fighter Lisa Brichkina. Fate did not spare her either: from childhood she had to manage the household herself, since her mother was very ill. She fed the cattle, cleaned the house, and cooked food. She became increasingly alienated from her peers. Lisa began to shy away, keep silent, and avoid noisy companies. One day her father brought a hunter from the city to the house, and she, seeing nothing but her sick mother and the house, fell in love with him, but he did not reciprocate her feelings. When leaving, he left Lisa a note with a promise to place her in a technical school with a dormitory in August. But the war did not allow these dreams to come true! Lisa also dies; she drowns in the swamp, rushing to the aid of her friends.
There are so many girls, so many destinies: everyone is different. But in one thing they are still similar: all destinies were broken and disfigured by the war. Having received an order not to let the Germans get to the railway, the girls carried it out at the cost of their own lives. All five girls who went on the mission died, but they died heroically, for their Motherland.
“And the dawns here are quiet.” - an artistic canvas of significant content, a work of deep civic and patriotic resonance. In 1975, B. Vasiliev was awarded the USSR State Prize for this story.
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