A time capsule is a message for future generations, which is usually placed at the base of monuments of buildings and other infrastructure. This tradition was born among the inhabitants of ancient Sumer. They placed burnt clay tablets in the foundations of their temples as notes to future rulers. We have collected the 10 most famous and interesting time capsules.
1. Time capsule in a lion statue
It was rumored that there was a time capsule hidden inside the golden lion that has sat atop the roof of the Old Capitol in Boston since 1901. In October 2014, when the lion was temporarily dismantled for repairs, restorer Robert Sher decided to check if this was true. By pushing a fiber optic camera through the hole in the lion's head, he discovered a copper box inside. When the box was opened, it contained photographs and newspaper clippings from the era, as well as a couple of unexpected surprises: badges with images of Roosevelt and McKinley and a piece of wood from the original lion statue from the 1880s.
2. Steve Jobs' Lost Time Capsule
Apple co-founder Steve Jobs spoke at the 1983 Aspen International Design Conference. After the conference, he placed a computer mouse in an Aspen time tube, which was then buried in a nearby field. Over the years, everyone forgot about the actual location of the time capsule, and by the expected date of opening (in 2000), it simply could not be found. In 2013, the National Geographic team managed to find a capsule, inside of which, in addition to the mouse from the Lisa computer (an unsuccessful predecessor to the Mac), there was a Rubik's cube and 8 cassettes with music from the Moody Blues.
3A Time Capsule Found Thanks to a Water Leak
In 1795, Paul Revere and Samuel Adams (famous figures of the American Revolution) hid a time capsule behind the cornerstone of the Massachusetts Capitol. This message to the future was subsequently found by chance by a worker looking for a water leak in 2014. The capsule contained coins, newspapers and a silver plate carved by Revere.
4. Mysterious time capsule at the Washington Monument
A 100-year-old time capsule was discovered during the renovation of the Washington Monument in Baltimore, but who left it is still a mystery. The contents of the box, which was found behind a slab dated September 12, 1915, also remain unknown as scientists fear opening it could destroy what's inside.
5. Forgotten shoe store
In fact, this is not a time capsule, but an accident led to the fact that time itself was “canned” in this store, which has not been opened for more than 50 years. An American family inherited an old abandoned house from their grandparents that had been locked for decades. When they opened the house, they found a shoe store inside, completely intact, that operated from the 1940s to the 1960s. Inside the store were hundreds of pairs of vintage shoes that are now worth thousands of dollars.
6. Time capsule from the Pennsylvania Armory found on Google
Colonel Michael Konzman was Googling information about the 13th National Guard Regiment, predecessor to the 55th Brigade in Scranton, Pennsylvania. Suddenly he came across information about a time capsule that was hidden in the cornerstone of the armory in 1900. A team of soldiers found a copper box that contained unknown historical information about the brigade, as well as cigars that had not deteriorated in the slightest since then.
7. A time capsule that I hid as a child
Austin resident Rob Wright created a time capsule in 1978, when he lived in Fontana, California, sealing it inside the wall of his home. Two years later, the family moved to Texas and Wright thought he would never see the capsule again. After 36 years, the family that currently owns the house discovered the capsule while doing renovations. “Hello to whoever is reading this, my name is Robert Wright,” began the letter hidden inside. Also in the bag, walled up in the wall of the house, there were several coins and newspaper clippings from those years.
8. Forgotten Civil War Artifacts in a Wardrobe
During the renovation of a former library building in San Antonio, Texas, a boarded-up dressing room was found. Inside the wardrobe were 200 documents, including a 1615 King James Bible and photographs from the Civil War.
This incredible “time capsule” is essentially an entire apartment that Parisian Madame de Florian left behind in 1942 to escape the Nazis. She went to the south of France and never returned, but continued to pay the rent until her death in 2010. Her heirs discovered information about the apartment, and when they opened it, they found many amazing relics, including paintings, stuffed ostriches, and Mickey Mouse dolls.
10The Burbank Time Capsule Found Using Newspaper Clippings
The time capsule, which was located inside the Magnolia Bridge in Burbank, California, was accidentally discovered by Larry Harnish, a Los Angeles Times historian who was sorting through the newspaper's archives. The time capsule was buried on February 5, 1959, and its opening was planned for February 5, 2009. Inside the capsule were 35mm films (Burbank was known for its film and television studios), photographs of the city, and even a list of predictions for 2009 that included moving sidewalks and underground nuclear power plants.
11. Time capsule about the builders of the USSR
A resident of one of the Siberian villages, Pyotr Koptelov, found a time capsule left by Soviet builders in the courtyard of his house. The message said:
« Builders of power lines in the region of the Tyumen North are turning to you from the past millennium. It was interesting to find those who were strong with the daring dream of creating and building! I am proud to have become involved in the great cause of exploration of the North!».
Of no less interest to people who are interested in history are.
In 1917, capsules with messages to descendants, laid in the second half of the last century, were recovered. The letters contain instructions to future generations to take care of the country, be proud of the exploits of their ancestors and make the dreams of the youth of the 20th century come true.
Found immortality
Two time capsules with messages to descendants were removed from a concrete stele at the Rostock monument in Penza on Tuesday. Representatives of three generations of city residents laid the first capsule on November 6, 1967. Another one was laid there, in a concrete stele near the Rostock monument in 1977. The text of these messages was kept secret.
"Hello, our dear descendants! We extend to you the hand of spiritual unity and kinship. In your deeds we have gained immortality. We live in the beating of your heart, in the smiles of your children, in your dreams and thoughts... We are calm about our tomorrow, we believe in future, we believe in you,” one of the letters says.
As the Penza administration told RIA Novosti, the audio recording of the 1967 message to descendants was stored in a capsule shaped like a matryoshka doll, but the film in it could not be restored, so the recording was reconstructed using the text of the message found there. It was written on rubberized paper and was well preserved. There were no problems opening the 1977 capsule. It was sealed in a vacuum glass tube. The document has not gotten wet and is well preserved.
After the solemn announcement of messages from the past, historical evidence was transferred for eternal storage to the Penza State Museum of Local Lore.
So that everything is fine
Two more time capsules were recovered in Krasnoyarsk. One of them was opened at the Krasnoyarsk Technological College of Food Industry. It was founded by students of this educational institution in November 1967. The message describes the achievements of the Soviet people and gives wishes to the youth.
Another capsule, more than 40 years ago, was placed in the wall of the building that now houses the administration of the Central District of the city. About 150 people signed the text.
As part of the "Bridge of Generations" project, young people laid a new capsule - for the youth of 2038, when the Central District of Krasnoyarsk will celebrate its centenary.
Duty and responsibility
The time capsule, laid by Komsomol members of the passenger carriage depot in 1967, was opened in Irkutsk by workers of the East Siberian Railway. Veteran railway workers who were present at the laying of the message 50 years ago were invited to the event.
Girls and boys of the 1960s spoke in their message about how “through selfless work they daily increase the power of the state,” as well as their understanding of duty and responsibility to future generations.
Continuing the tradition, depot workers laid a new time capsule for the next 50 years.
Cherish traditions
The time capsule, intended for descendants from students and teachers of Vilin School No. 1, Bakhchisaray district of Crimea, was solemnly opened 48 years after it was laid. The message was placed in a glass liter jar, walled up in the wall of the school hall.
Hundreds of village residents, representatives of the Crimean government and the Bakhchisarai region gathered at the solemn ceremony. The right to get the capsule was granted to State Duma deputy Anatoly Aksakov, who was in the third grade at the Vilinsky school when the message was laid, and to senior pioneer leader Svetlana Leontyeva, who participated in the creation of the time capsule.
“Currently there are 1,018 people studying in our school, of which 160 are Komsomol members and 460 pioneers. There are 54 excellent students, and 288 people are studying for grades four and five. We express our love for the Motherland in work and study,” the message says.
The students of 1969 told themselves, almost half a century older, how many trees they planted during cleanup days, how they honor the memory of the Crimean partisans, and how they opened a Lenin museum at school.
“We express our hope that you, the generation of 2017, will make our dreams of the most just communist society come true. Take care of the traditions won by our fathers and grandfathers,” the message says.
Aksakov told RIA Novosti that it was no coincidence that the village workers preserved the message, which was perfectly preserved - the state farm was one of the richest in the region, where vegetables and fruits were grown and preserved.
The ceremony participants decided to continue the tradition and lay a new capsule for the descendants of 2067 with their wishes, among which the main ones were wishes for peace and prosperity, as well as a story about how difficult the years of change turned out to be for the village residents at the time of the change of centuries and eras. The message to descendants specifically mentions the historical referendum on March 16, 2014, which led to the annexation of Crimea to Russia.
Store and multiply
Residents of Kursk retrieved a time capsule laid 50 years ago with an appeal to their fellow countrymen who will live in the 21st century. The authors of the message devoted a significant part of it to the achievements of the country and the Kursk region since the day of the revolution.
“From the storming of Winter Palace to the assault on space, from Aurora to Venera-4, from a starving, bast-footed, horseless province to an order-bearing region with its rapidly developing industrial and agricultural potential,” this is how, in particular, the letter describes the past half-century of Soviet power.
Trials and victories
Stavropol youth laid a capsule with a message to descendants in 1967 next to the monument to the commander of the Great Patriotic War, a local native, Army General Joseph Apanasenko.
Addressing future generations, residents of the Apanasenkovsky district from the mid-twentieth century spoke about the trials that befell their native country, about its restoration in the post-war years, about the first space victories, about fellow countrymen - heroes of labor who contributed to the well-being of the Motherland.
“You and I have a lot in common. We are like-minded people in our desire to make the world more beautiful, richer, happier. You have inherited from us enduring values - love for life, for people, a sense of justice. We are confident that you will sacredly preserve these values,” noted in the message.
Now, on the centennial anniversary of the 1917 revolution, time capsules are being opened everywhere - cheerful messages to descendants, which were laid by enthusiastic Soviet citizens.
Although the fashion for such greetings from the “bright past” existed not only in the Soviet Union. In the 20th century, this was a craze in many countries: handwritten letters addressed to people of the future, newspaper clippings, commemorative photographs, and the like were placed in boxes or boxes. Most often, they were buried somewhere or filled with concrete in the hope that descendants would discover the “treasure”.
However, sometimes instead of solemn greetings from the past, gloomy messages are also found in the capsules. From strange prophecies to corpses: today we will tell you about the most unusual and creepy finds that were discovered in time capsules by the inhabitants of the “bright future”.
"I'm Dead:" A chilling letter from a ghost boy
In the summer of 2016, during construction work at a school in Albuquerque, New Mexico, a time capsule laid in 1968 was discovered. The glass bottle contained letters from elementary school students. This has been practiced throughout the country for many years. As a rule, schoolchildren's letters contain many fantasies about the future. For example, about flying cars.
However, this time the content of one of the messages attracted close attention. Judging by the signature, it was written by a boy named Greg Lee Youngman. However, information about him has not yet been found. There is no information about such a student in the school archives. The text looks even stranger and more frightening:
"I'm dead. I go to Montgomery School. This is the old name of the school. I was born in 1900. But now I'm dead. My favorite pastime is scaring the police. I play guitar. It's a board with strings, if you don't know. I am 10 years old. See you later, savages."
The scary message could have been a dark joke from one of the students. Local journalists tried to find the mysterious boy or those who knew him, but their search was unsuccessful.
Gloomy greetings from psychiatrists of the past
In 2015, on the grounds of an abandoned mental hospital in Indiana, USA, workers stumbled upon a time capsule left by psychiatrists in the 1950s. Inside were films recorded by doctors back in 1958. In the footage, experts from the last century talked about the bright prospects for electroconvulsive therapy, and also reflected on how to effectively treat psychosis through artificial insulin shock.
Of course, it is easy to understand the desire of psychiatrists of that time to share their experience with colleagues from the future, but in modern times such treatment methods cause nervous tremors and only confirm the difficult path of development of psychiatry.
Bomb-shaped time capsule causes commotion in Manhattan
And this surprise from the past has completely harmless content, although it has a frightening form. It was discovered in early July 2017 during renovation work in Manhattan. Emergency services and sappers were called to the scene, and nearby buildings were evacuated. Soon, however, experts established that the found object, which looked like a bomb from the Second World War, did not pose any danger. As it turned out, a time capsule with a message to descendants was camouflaged as a bomb. More than 30 years ago, it was buried in the ground as a joke by the owner of the then popular Danceteria club.
In the 80s of the last century, Danceteria was one of the iconic places in New York. Stars such as Madonna, Billy Idol and Duran Duran performed there. Entrepreneur John Argento, the former owner of the club, admitted that in 1985 he bought a dummy bomb in a New York military supply store, collected “messages to the future” from club visitors in it for three weeks, and then buried it in front of the establishment.
“It was kind of a joke. We thought someday someone would dig this thing up and think it was an unexploded bomb. They buried it and forgot - they went to another party.”
The police carefully examined the contents of the capsule (only letters and photographs were found inside) and then handed it over to the ex-owner of the nightclub.
“The Islamic threat and the rise of China”: an Australian wrote very truthful prophecies for fun
In the summer of 2017, a Sydney woman accidentally found a “letter of time” under the tiles in her bathroom wall. A plastic capsule, which contained photographs and a letter with amazing prophecies, was walled up in the wall 22 years ago by a former resident of this house. The contents of the letter quite accurately described many global events in the modern world.
Greg Wilkinson wrote his message on Easter Sunday 1995. First, he told the details of his biography and indicated the state of affairs and the cost of everyday goods at the time of writing the letter, and then moved on to predictions for the future.
According to his forecast, in the future China was to become a semi-democratic state, reach the level of a superpower and become the main partner of the United States. Interestingly, in 1995, China was inferior to many countries in terms of economic size, but has now risen to second place in the world. Greg's predictions include wars in Iraq and Afghanistan. He also wrote that growing Islamic radicalism will become a global problem that will escalate into a major war that will end only “when both sides understand that their God does not want it to continue.”
Journalists managed to find Greg Wilkinson, who is now 61 years old. According to him, after writing the letter, he argued with his wife when it would be discovered. He himself was inclined to believe that the letter would be found closer to 2060, while his wife pointed to 2020.
Greetings from Auschwitz: a message from death camp prisoners
In 2009, during construction work to destroy one of the buildings that were part of the Auschwitz concentration camp system, a bottle with a note signed by seven prisoners was discovered. The bottle was walled up in the wall of a building that housed warehouses used by death camp guards during World War II.
The note, written in pencil on a label from under a bag of cement and placed in a glass bottle, gives the names of the prisoners - six Poles and one Frenchman, their personal numbers and the place - the Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camp in Auschwitz.
“All between the ages of 18 and 20,” says the note, which was handed over to the museum of concentration camp prisoners.
In 1940-1945, Auschwitz-Birkenau was Hitler's largest concentration camp, where people were exterminated en masse. The exact number of deaths in Auschwitz is still unknown, since before the advance of the Red Army, the Nazis destroyed all documentation of the camp, and before leaving Auschwitz they carried out mass executions of prisoners.
It is believed that millions of people died in the camp: some were tortured and poisoned in gas chambers, others died of starvation and as a result of medical experiments.
Peter Pan's Dead Brothers
In 2010, an American woman discovered a travel trunk in the basement of her apartment building in Los Angeles that looked as if it was at least 80 years old. At first the woman was very happy, but when she opened the time capsule, her enthusiasm immediately waned.
Inside were newspapers and other junk from the 1930s, several books about the adventures of Peter Pan, a fan club membership card for this wonderful children's story, and several Peter Pan-themed souvenirs. However, the most “vivid” contents of the box were the embalmed bodies of two babies, wrapped in newspaper.
The most interesting thing is that the name Janet M. Berry was stamped on the box, which is strikingly consonant with J. M. Berry - the name of the author of everyone's favorite book. This discovery caused a great stir, the police even conducted a DNA analysis. However, experts have not identified any relationship between the writer and the corpses in the basement, so the origin of “Peter Pan’s dead brothers” still remains a mystery.
Strange sticky discovery in the garden: curse or blessing?
In 2016, a Reddit user from Costa Rica dug up a strange object in his backyard that appeared to be a tightly sealed metal container. At first he thought it was money, drugs, or a simple message to descendants from people who once lived here. But when he opened the vessel, it seemed to him that he was in some strange horror film. The container was filled to the brim with a sweet-smelling, thick, sticky liquid in which the photograph was floating.
Many Latin Americans believe in brujeria, a special form of magic that uses natural elements. Therefore, the Costa Rican was sure that his find was connected with some kind of magical ritual. When the owner of the house arrived, he told his tenant that the woman in the photograph lived in this house about 15 years ago. He also suggested that she was the victim of damage or a curse. Then they decided to immediately burn the strange find.
However, some commenters on the Reddit post said that it may not have been damage at all. Judging by the sweet smell of the contents in the jar, it could be honey, and the ritual itself was carried out more as a blessing, with the goal of “sweetening the life” of the couple depicted in the photograph.
Preserved Parisian apartment like a time capsule
This next message from the past is different from the rest. This is a spacious apartment in Paris, full of dusty personal belongings, exquisite furniture and works of art, that has stood untouched since 1939. When looking at this interior, you get the impression that a time machine has transported you to another era. .
The owner of the apartment, a French actress, fled Paris at the very beginning of World War II and never returned there again. For 70 years she continued to pay the rent for the apartment, but did not tell any of her relatives about it. Relatives learned about the abandoned housing after the death of a woman at the age of 91.
Experts described all the property in the apartment, among which many personal items were found, such as hairbrushes and letters. In addition to them, other interesting objects were discovered: a life-size stuffed ostrich or Mickey Mouse. The media dubbed the unusual apartment a “time capsule.”
“It feels like we are in Sleeping Beauty’s castle, where time stood still more than a hundred years ago,” admitted auctioneer Olivier Chopin-Janvy, who conducted the opening of the apartment.
Everything around was as if frozen - at one moment the experts seemed to have stepped into the past. The air was filled with dust and there were cobwebs everywhere. A heavy dressing table and curtains, huge mirrors covered in curlicues, ornate armchairs - all this takes you not even to the beginning of the 1940s, but to the beginning of the 20th century.
Eyes and nails in a teapot: greetings from the Japanese at Expo 70 Capsule
In 1970, electronics giant Panasonic built a teapot capsule in the Japanese city of Osaka that was supposed to remain sealed for 5,000 years. The main container was filled with a layer of inert argon gas to protect the contents, but project leaders also built a second, “control” capsule that would be periodically opened, inspected and cleaned to help keep the project alive.
The first discovery of one of the world's most famous time capsules already took place in 2000, and the rest will occur at intervals of 100 years. In total, each capsule contains a cargo of 2,098 culturally significant objects. If the two capsules from recent world history survive until their planned discovery date of 6970 A.D., their future owners will find a vast collection of films, seeds and microorganisms, as well as the glass eyes and blackened fingernails of survivors of the 1945 atomic bombing of Hiroshima.
2017 was the year of mass opening of time capsules laid for the centenary of the Revolution. What Soviet builders and camp prisoners wrote about in the bright future, and what they write about in time capsules today, says Pavel Gnilorybov.
The tradition of creating “time capsules” was unusually popular in the Soviet Union - messages to descendants were laid literally at every major construction project, accompanied the installation of monuments and monuments, were timed to coincide with important dates and even occurred without any reason, becoming an event in themselves. The date of opening was usually about half a century distant from the bookmark and was often timed to coincide with some important communist holiday - which is why in 2017 and 2018 we will see, perhaps, the most massive opening of “time capsules”. In 1967-1968, they were actively installed and laid down for the upcoming 100th anniversary of Soviet power and the Komsomol, then - for the centenary anniversary of Lenin’s birth.
The texts of these capsules usually reproduce the logic of the famous series of postcards “Moscow in the 23rd century”, released by the Einem partnership in 1914, in which airships hover in the sky, snowmobiles rush through the streets, and the air has long been cleared of germs.
The one released by a Soviet studio in 1960 seems somewhat closer to the texts of the capsules in terms of the supposed texture of the future - it has long since seen general automation (a trend set by Khrushchev), the Ob and Yenisei were deployed into the Caspian with targeted nuclear explosions (still a Stalinist project), and the “last imperialists” , disappeared on a far, far away island.
Filmstrips, postcards and time capsules equally ignore the unpredictability of changing political and economic realities, the speed of scientific and technological progress and the banal renewal of language. On the one hand, this retrofuturism reflects the linear thinking of the era, focused on the inevitability of a “bright socialist future”, and on the other hand, the doom of any far-reaching expectations.
In Istra, near Moscow, on the facade of an ambulance station in the 1970s, a capsule was installed with a message “to the Istrians of the 21st century who will live under communism.” Network sources report that the niche has been empty for a long time. Sometimes time capsules are found by accident - in Mordovian Ruzaevka, one of them was discovered during the repair of a monument to Lenin. The capsule was supposed to be opened in 2031, so through the efforts of officials the artifact was returned to “ripen.” In 2016, a time capsule was found in one of the schools in the Absheronsky district of the Krasnodar Territory. Inside were lists of students and teachers, an October and Komsomol badge, an ABC book and a Pioneer tie.
Sometimes residents find time capsules in their own garden plots and make their contents public: “The builders of power lines in the region of the Tyumen North are turning to you from the past millennium. It was interesting to find those who were strong with the daring dream of creating and building! I’m proud to have become involved in the great cause of exploration of the North!”
In the Soviet period, most often the installation of a “time capsule” was an initiative of the grassroots level - a collective of enterprises, a party organization or cell, a squad council at a school. It is almost impossible to count the “time capsules” - they are located on the territories of schools, memorial complexes, factory offices, and some have long been abandoned. There is even a “time capsule” from three generations of veterans at the base of the monument to the “Creators of Russia’s Nuclear Shield.”
At the same time, the tradition turned out to be extremely tenacious - judging by media reports, every year, for a variety of reasons, hundreds of capsules continue to be laid with texts with approximately the following content:
Hey,
born in 3000
amazing minds!
Archaeologists are yours
will find
where we lived
what we built.
The act of hiding
Modern capsules are most often dedicated to the next anniversary of the Great Patriotic War and the start of the enterprise, and also the date of opening is usually not too far from the date of laying - the farthest time horizon is the year 2108.
Not far from Leonovskaya Grove, in the Moscow district of Rostokino, there is a capsule with a message from young Muscovites to the descendants of 2057. It was founded in honor of the 50th anniversary of the VI World Festival of Youth and Students (in 2007). On Kashenkin Lug Street, on the territory of school No. 1494, there is a monument to the 150th Idritsa Rifle Division with a capsule addressed to the students of 2045 with the wording “from schoolchildren of 2010 and veterans of the Great Patriotic War.”
Residents of the Moscow Nekrasovka district decided not to play on the feelings of their descendants after three or four generations, and in 2000 they laid down an appeal to the residents of 2015. The opened capsule is now stored in the local cultural center "Zarechye": “Listen, comrades, descendants of our voices from the year 2000! We appeal to your heart, your memory, remember those who for a hundred years made their contribution to the development and prosperity of their native Nekrasovka. Those who stood for our land to the last drop of blood, who fought back to the last bullet, who gave their lives defending Moscow and did not allow the enemy onto the streets of the capital, cannot be consigned to oblivion.”
In Omsk, in honor of the 285th anniversary of the city and the foundation of a new park, they also acquired a time capsule. It was laid in 2001 and opened in 2016. The text turned out to be somewhat more original than the message to the Nekrasovites of the future: “Omsk residents are welcoming the 21st century with confidence that the city will rightfully take its rightful place among Russian megacities. Industry is developing, city neighborhoods are growing, a metro bridge is rising over the Irtysh... Today we are laying the foundation for a new park, a park that has no equal in Omsk yet. Whether it will flourish along with the city depends only on us. Today we don't just take on the responsibility of growing the park. First of all, we think about the future, about preserving the glory of our hometown.”
The values that should be preserved for posterity are mainly aesthetic and moral:
“The amazing image of a sparkling bright city, the charm of quiet streets, cozy courtyards, kindness, cordiality and openness - this is the soul of Omsk. And this is the main legacy that we pass on to future generations with excitement, but also with hope. Man lives by hope, we hope that Omsk will become the most beautiful city in Russia.”
In 2013, residents of Smolensk walled up a message to the residents of the city in 2063:
“It is easier to look into the past than into the future, and you know more about us than we know about you. At the turn of the century, we lived in a difficult era of radical change. The main principle of our society has become freedom, thanks to which everyone has the right to choose. The more valuable are the foundations we have preserved. After all, completely voluntarily, without coercion, only because we feel this way, we, the residents of Smolensk, honor our history, protect the cultural heritage inherited to us, value the achievements of science and art, respect the exploits of the heroes of our Fatherland, preserve and protect the family way of life, love our city.” .
In 2016, a time capsule was sent to 2066 in Murmansk. Wait and see.
Against this background, the most sincere remains the “time capsule” left by Gulag prisoners and accidentally discovered during renovations in the city drama theater of Nizhny Tagil:
“This inscription was walled up on March 15, 1954, not under the thunder of orchestras and the noise of the crowd. But she will tell posterity that this theater was not built by Komsomol brigades, as the chronicles would later claim, but was created on the blood and bones of prisoners - slaves of the twentieth century. Hello to the next generation! And may your life and your era not know slavery and the humiliation of man by man.”