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BIOGRAPHY of Viktor Petrovich Astafiev Prepared by primary school teacher GBOU secondary school No. 349 of the Krasnogvardeisky district of St. Petersburg Tamara Pavlovna Pechenkina
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Viktor Petrovich Astafiev 05/01/1924 – 11/29/2001 Soviet and Russian writer in the genre of military prose
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Victor Petrovich Astafiev was born in the village of Ovsyanka, Krasnoyarsk Territory, into the family of Pyotr Pavlovich Astafiev and Lydia Ilyinichna Potylitsyna. Victor is the third child in the family. Two of his sisters died in infancy. A few years after the birth of his son, Pyotr Astafiev goes to prison with the wording “sabotage.” And on one of her trips to her husband, Astafiev’s mother drowns in the Yenisei. After the death of his mother, Victor lived with his grandmother Katerina Petrovna Potylitsyna, who left bright memories in the writer’s soul, after which he spoke about her in the first part of his autobiography “The Last Bow.”
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V. Astafiev went to school at the age of eight. In the first grade he studied in his native village of Ovsyanka. After leaving prison, the father of the future writer married for the second time. Victor's relationship with his stepmother did not work out. In Igarka, where his father moved to work, he graduated from elementary school, and in the fall of 1936 his father was hospitalized. Abandoned by his stepmother and relatives, Victor ended up on the street. For several months he lived in an abandoned barbershop building, and then was sent to the Igarsky orphanage. Remembering the orphanage, V.P. Astafiev talks with a special sense of gratitude about its teacher and then director Vasily Ivanovich Sokolov, who had a beneficial influence on him during those difficult transitional years. V.I. Sokolov is the prototype of Repkin’s image in the story “Theft”.
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In 1939, V. Astafiev again found himself in the Igarsky orphanage and again in the fifth grade. Here on his way he meets another wonderful person - literature teacher and poet Ignatiy Dmitrievich Rozhdestvensky. V.I. Sokolov and I.D. Rozhdestvensky noticed a living spark in the soul of a restless and impressionable teenager, and in 1941 he successfully graduated from the sixth grade. V.P. Astafiev turns 16 years old. In the fall, with great difficulty, since the war was going on, he gets to the city and at the Yenisei station he enters the FZU. After graduation, he worked at the Bazaikha station for 4 months.
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In 1942 he volunteered for the front. He studied military affairs at the infantry school in Novosibirsk. In the spring of 1943 he was sent to the active army. He was a driver, artillery reconnaissance officer, and signalman. In 1944, he was shell-shocked in Poland. He was seriously wounded several times. Until the very end of the war he remained an ordinary soldier. He fought on the Bryansk, Voronezh and Steppe fronts, as part of the troops of the First Ukrainian Front. For the war, Viktor Petrovich was awarded the Order of the Red Star and medals “For Courage”, “For Victory over Germany”, “For the Liberation of Poland”.
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There he worked as a mechanic, an auxiliary worker, a teacher, a station attendant, and a storekeeper. In the same year he married Maria Semyonovna Koryakina; they had three children: daughters Lydia and Irina and son Andrei. After demobilization in 1945, he went to the Urals to the city of Chusovoy, Perm Region.
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Severe wounds deprived him of his professional profession - he had only one eye left, and his hand was poorly controlled. His jobs were all random and unreliable: mechanic, laborer, loader, carpenter. In general, life was not very fun. But one day he attended a meeting of the literary circle at the Chusovoy Rabochiy newspaper. After this meeting, he wrote his first story, “Civilian” (1951), in one night. Soon the author became a literary employee of the newspaper. The life of V.P. Astafiev changed so quickly and dramatically. An event occurred that predetermined his fate.
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As a literary employee of the newspaper, he travels a lot around the region and sees a lot. Over the four years of work at Chusovoy Rabochiy, V. Astafiev writes more than a hundred correspondence, articles, essays, over two dozen stories, of which he compiles the first two books - “Until Next Spring” (1953) and “Sparks” (1955). ), and then conceives the novel “The Snow is Melting,” which he writes for more than two years. During this time, V. Astafiev published two books for children (“Vasyutkino Lake” and “Uncle Kuzya, chickens, fox and cat”). He publishes essays and stories that have received a positive response in periodicals. Apparently, these years should be considered the beginning of V.P. Astafiev’s professional writing activity.
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In 1959–1961, Astafiev studied at the Higher Literary Courses in Moscow. At this time, his stories began to be published not only in publishing houses in Perm and Sverdlovsk, but also in the capital, including in the magazine “New World”. Already Astafiev’s first stories were characterized by attention to “little people” - Siberian Old Believers (the story Starodub, 1959), orphanages of the 1930s (the story Theft, 1966). Stories dedicated to the fates of people whom the prose writer met during his orphan childhood and youth, he united in the cycle Last Bow (1968–1975) - a lyrical narrative about the people's character. Astafiev’s work equally embodied two of the most important themes of Soviet literature of the 1960s and 1970s - military and rural. In his work - including works written long before Gorbachev's perestroika and glasnost - the Patriotic War appears as a great tragedy.
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The end of the 50s was marked by the heyday of the lyrical prose of V. P. Astafiev. The stories "The Pass" (1958-1959) and "Starodub" (1960), the story "Starfall", written in one breath in just a few days, brought him wide fame. In 1978, V. P. Astafiev was awarded the USSR State Prize for his narration in the stories “The Fish Tsar”. From 1978 to 1982, V.P. Astafiev worked on the story “The Seeing Staff,” published only in 1988. In 1991, the writer was awarded the USSR State Prize for this story. In 1980, Astafiev moved to live in his homeland - Krasnoyarsk. In 1989, V.P. Astafiev was awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor. In his homeland, V. P. Astafiev also created his main book about the war - the novel “Cursed and Killed,” for which in 1995 he was awarded the State Prize of Russia. In 1994-1995 he worked on a new story about the war “So I Want to Live”, and in 1995-1996 he wrote the also “military” story “Obertone”, in 1997 he completed the story “The Jolly Soldier”, begun in 1987 .
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Life path Born on May 1, 1924 in the village of Ovsyanka, Krasnoyarsk Territory. The village of Ovsyanka is located near the city of Krasnoyarsk on the banks of the Mana River.
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Mother Lydia Ilyinichna “Take care of your mothers, people! Take care! They only come once and never come back, and no one can replace them!” Viktor Petrovich dedicated the story “The Pass” to the memory of his mother
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Grandmother Grandmother Potylitsina Ekaterina Petrovna with her children: Ivan, Dmitry, Maria In the huge world of childhood, the main person for Victor Astafiev was his grandmother - Ekaterina Petrovna. Kind, caring, endlessly forgiving of her beloved grandson - an orphan... and strong, resilient, resourceful, powerful. General and nothing more! And a cheerful, talkative, wise herbalist, patient worker, mother of a huge family. “My grandmother always heard me. She always came to me in times of need and difficulty. always saved me, eased my pains and troubles.” The story “The Last Bow” is dedicated to her - a memory of childhood and adolescence.
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“When you become adults and have children, love them! Love it! Beloved children are not orphans. No need for orphans!” Orphanage. Igarka. Spring 1941
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In war as in war Astafiev V.P. (1945) In the army from October 1942 to October 1945 “It is difficult to write about war... Happy is the one who does not know it, and I would like to wish all good people: and never know it. And not to know, not to carry hot coals in my heart that burn health, sleep... my heart is afraid... it’s difficult for me to write about the war, although “in me” the book about the war, about “my war”, goes on and on, without stopping, not leaving me and my memory alone.”
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Literary creativity Since 1951 he began to engage in literary work. The result of his writing activity was a 15-volume collection of works.
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A collection of stories about the people of Siberia, adults and children, all those who know how to value true friendship and love nature. “A Horse with a Pink Mane” is the writer’s story about his own childhood, which included trips to pick strawberries and swimming in the river, and grandparents, about whom the author writes with special warmth and love.
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There was a people's war... The theme of war occupied a special place in the writer’s work. One of the stories in the autobiographical book “The Last Bow” about the harsh youth of a Siberian boy during the war.
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The writer's most famous works: "Starodub" (1960), "Theft" (1968), "The Last Bow" (1968), "The Shepherd and the Shepherdess" (1973), "The Fish King" (1977), "The Sad Detective" ( 1986), "The Seeing Staff" (1991) have been translated into many languages. Based on the works of V.P. Astafyev’s films were made: “Twice Born”, “Starfall”, “War is Thundering Somewhere”, “Taiga Tale”, etc. Plays based on his works were staged: “Bird cherry” (based on the story “The Hands of the Wife”), “Forgive Me” (based on the story “Starfall”) In 1999, the Krasnoyarsk State Opera and Ballet Theater staged the ballet “The Tsar Fish” based on the stories included in the book “The Tsar Fish”. Choreographer and director Sergei Bobrov.
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The writer’s work has been awarded many awards: State Prize of Russia (1975, 1978, 1991, 1995,1996, 2003 (posthumously): International Pushkin Prize of the Alfred Tepfer Foundation (Germany, 1997); Prize of the International Literary Fund “For the Honor and Dignity of Talent” (1998); Literary Prize named after Apollo Grigoriev for the story “The Jolly Soldier” (1999) From 1989 to 1991, Astafiev was a People's Deputy of the USSR, Hero of Socialist Labor,
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Chapel Chapel - the temple of St. Innocent - Bishop of Irkutsk, designed by the famous architect of Krasnoyarsk A.S. Demirkhanov. Krasnoyarsk builders erected it in just three weeks. Since 1934 there has been no church in the village. Finally, the dream of Viktor Petrovich Astafiev was realized. According to the writer’s will, he was buried after his death in this church.
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The hall was full, everyone froze and waited for a giant to come out to meet us, for the medals to rattle on his jacket, and for a long time to speak... alone. But with difficulty, a gray-haired, harrier-stooped man came up to our stage. There is no doubt, he knows the value of life: The twentieth century spun him around, tossed him around. He spoke, and he imagined the king-fish, Barefoot childhood, white snow... A great life is an unwritten book, The last bow is a memory for centuries. Anya Mamontova 1999
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Victor Astafiev was born on May 1, 1924 in the village of Ovsyanka (Krasnoyarsk Territory) in the family of Lydia Ilyinichna Potylitsina and Pyotr Pavlovich Astafiev. Even when Victor was a child, he lost his parents. His father was under arrest, and his mother died during one of her trips to her husband. So Viktor Astafiev spent his childhood with his grandmother. Victor later described this time, remembered with fond memories, in his autobiography. After Victor’s father was released from prison and married again, the family moved to the city of Igarka in the Krasnoyarsk Territory. When his father was hospitalized and his new family turned their backs on Victor, he literally found himself on the street. After being homeless for two months, he was sent to an orphanage.
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The boarding school teacher, Siberian poet Ignatiy Dmitrievich Rozhdestvensky, noticed in Victor a penchant for literature and developed it. The works of student Astafiev were published in the school magazine. Among them is a student’s work about his favorite lake, which many years later will turn into the story “Vasyutkino Lake.” After leaving the orphanage, Astafiev managed to save up for a ticket and go to Krasnoyarsk. There he studied at the Federal Educational Institution, majoring in railways. After completing the training course, Astafiev worked for some time at the Bazaikha station near Krasnoyarsk as a train compiler.
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In 1942, Viktor Petrovich Astafiev voluntarily went to the front. At the Novosibirsk Infantry School he studied military affairs. And already in 1943 he went to fight. Until 1945, he served on the front line as an infantry private, driver, artillery reconnaissance officer, and signalman. He was wounded and shell-shocked. He ended the war as a holder of the Order of the Red Star, and was also awarded medals “For Courage”, “For Victory over Germany” and “For the Liberation of Poland”.
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When the war ended, Astafiev married private Maria Koryakina, and settled with her in the city of Chusovoy, Perm Region. While living there, he changed several professions: he was a mechanic, a teacher, a storekeeper, and worked at a local meat processing plant. However, besides work, Victor was interested in literature: he was even a permanent member of a literary circle.
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Astafiev’s story was first published in 1951 (“Civilian”). In the same year, Victor began working for the Chusovsky Rabochiy newspaper; he did not leave this place for 4 years. Astafiev wrote many articles, essays, and stories for the newspaper; his literary talent began to reveal itself more and more fully. In 1953, Astafiev’s book “Until Next Spring” was published. And in 1958, an important event occurred in the life of Viktor Astafiev - he was accepted into the Writers' Union. To improve his literary level, Astafiev studied at the Higher Literary Courses from 1959 to 1961.
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The most important themes of Astafiev’s work are military and rural. The Patriotic War appears in his works as a great tragedy (the novel “So I Want to Live”, the story “Cursed and Killed”). The rural theme is most fully and vividly embodied in the story “The King Fish”. Many of his stories, dedicated to the fates of people whom the prose writer met during his orphan childhood and youth, were combined by him into the cycle “Last Bow” - this is a lyrical story about the people’s character. Most of the stories and tales he wrote for children were included in the collections “The Horse with a Pink Mane”, “Uncle Kuzya, Chickens, Fox and Cat”, “Zorka’s Song”, and the book “Sparks”.
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In 1997-1998, the Collected Works of V.P. Astafiev was published in Krasnoyarsk in 15 volumes, with detailed comments by the author. In 1997, the writer was awarded the International Pushkin Prize, and in 1998 he was awarded the Prize “For the Honor and Dignity of Talent” of the International Literary Fund At the end of 1998, V. P. Astafiev was awarded the Apollo Grigoriev Prize by the Academy of Russian Modern Literature. In 1999 he was awarded the Order of Merit for the Fatherland, II degree.
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Viktor Petrovich Astafiev is the author of numerous literary works: the novel “The Snow is Melting”, the stories “Theft”, “The Last Bow”, “Starodub”, “The Shepherd and the Shepherdess”, “Starfall”, “Slush Autumn”, “From the Quiet Light”, “The Cheerful Soldier”, “The Pass”, books of short stories “Zatesi”, etc. Viktor Petrovich Astafiev died on November 29, 2001. He was buried in his native village of Ovsyanka.
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“Not a day without a line” - these words were the motto of the entire life of a tireless worker, a truly people's writer.
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"Presentation on the topic: "V.P. Astafiev. Biography."
Victor Petrovich Astafiev (1924-2001). Biography. A photo in which I am not.
Novik Nadezhda Grigorievna, teacher of Russian language and literature, State Budget Educational Institution JSC “Vychegda SKOSHI”
Ovsyanka – the writer’s native village
Victor Astafiev was born May 1, 1924 in the village of Ovsyanka (Krasnoyarsk Territory) in the family of Lydia Ilyinichna Potylitsina
and Pyotr Pavlovich Astafiev.
House of V.P. Astafiev
Grandmother Ekaterina Petrovna Potylitsyna with her children: Ivan, Dmitry, Maria
Victor was the third child in the family, but his two older sisters died in infancy.
V. Astafiev went to school at the age of eight. In the first grade he studied in his native village of Ovsyanka.
After the death of his mother, Victor lived with her parents - Ekaterina Petrovna and Ilya Evgrafovich Potylitsin.
At the age of eight he lost his mother and ended up in an orphanage. He ran away from there, wandered, starved, stole... His only joy was books.
Viktor Astafiev among the orphanage residents (with a book in his hand).
In 1942 he volunteered for the front.
In the spring of 1943 he was sent to the active army. He was a driver, an artillery reconnaissance officer, and a signalman.
He was seriously wounded several times.
Viktor Petrovich was awarded for the war Order of the Red Star,
medals "For Courage"
"For victory over Germany"
"For the liberation of Poland."
After demobilization in 1945, he went to the Urals to the city of Chusovoy, Perm Region.
There he worked as a mechanic, an auxiliary worker, a teacher, a station attendant, a storekeeper, and a journalist for the Chusovsky Rabochiy newspaper.
Astafiev’s work embodied two of the most important themes of Soviet literature of the 1960–1970s - military and rural.
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