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V.P. Astafiev Born in Siberia (05/01/1924 - 11/29/2001)

“If I were given the opportunity to repeat my life, I would choose the same one, very eventful, joys, victories, defeats, delights and sorrows of loss...” V. P. Astafiev.

Life path On May 1, 1924, in the village of Ovsyanka, on the banks of the Yenisei, not far from Krasnoyarsk, a son, Victor, was born into the family of Pyotr Pavlovich and Lydia Ilyinichna Astafiev. Banks of Ovsyanka On the banks of the Yenisei At the age of seven, the boy lost his mother - she drowned in the river, her scythe caught on the base of the boom. Viktor Astafiev will never get used to this loss. He still “can’t believe that mom is not here and never will be.” His grandmother, Ekaterina Petrovna, becomes the boy’s protector and nurse.

Ovsyanka An ancient settlement founded more than 300 years ago, shortly after Krasnoyarsk. Its purpose was to protect the city from attacks by nomads on the nearby approaches. Since then, the name of the river closest to the village has been preserved - Karaulnaya. The history of Ovsyanka is inseparable from the name of V.P. Astafieva. He returned to his homeland as a famous writer. But it was here that he received full national recognition and love from readers. Thanks to the illustrious fellow countryman, something appeared in it that was not there in other places. Asphalt road, wonderful library, wooden church. However, too much has changed in recent years. Ovsyanka has long ceased to resemble the ancient Siberian village that we imagine it to be in “The Last Bow.” This is a beautiful dacha place near Krasnoyarsk on the banks of an ice-free, impoverished river, where red-brick new mansions and old, darkened Siberian huts stand opposite each other. They cannot live on the same land, and the neat Astafievsky house with its overgrown garden seems lost here, belonging to another dimension and time.

He worked at the Bazaikha station of the Krasnoyarsk railway. Participant of the Great Patriotic War (in the army from October 1942 to October 1945). He was a worker in the city of Chusovoy (Ural), a journalist for the newspaper “Chusovsky Rabochiy”.

Since April 1957, Astafiev has been a special correspondent for the Perm Regional Radio. In 1962 the family moved to Perm, and in 1969 to Vologda. In 1980, Astafiev moved to live in his homeland - Krasnoyarsk. Until his death, the writer lived and worked both in Krasnoyarsk (Akademgorodok) and in Ovsyanka, in a summer house.

Literary creativity Since 1951 he began to engage in literary work. The result of his writing activity was a 15-volume collection of works. Autobiographical prose Man and the chaos of war Lad and discord Man and nature

Literary meetings in the Russian province The special pride of the Ovsyankinsky Library is the “Literary Meetings in the Russian Province”, when once every 2 years writers, poets, publishers and library workers not only from Siberia, but also the capital and other regions gather in Ovsyanka. Any library in Russia would be proud if its reader wrote about it the words that Viktor Petrovich wrote about his library: “... And the library of a village is a window of one’s home, where a friendly light always shines.” The first “Literary meetings in the Russian province” took place in August 1996, then in 1998, 2000. Literary meetings have become one of the most significant events in the cultural life of our region, a tradition founded and bequeathed to us by the great Russian writer V.P. Astafiev.

Autobiographical prose Throughout his life, Viktor Petrovich returned to the same themes - autobiographical ones. Childhood in Siberia ("Last Bow", "Ode to the Russian Garden"), war (from "The Shepherd and the Shepherdess" to "Cursed and Killed"), post-war famine and restlessness. The characters could be different, different from “Astafiev there and then,” but the themes, circumstances, locations, air are only from memory.

Harmony and discord The problem of harmony and discord continues to be the most “painful” point in Viktor Astafiev’s thoughts about his people. The writer put it with the greatest poignancy in two almost simultaneously created works - in the story “Living Life,” which was published in the September book of “New World” for 1985, and in the novel “Sad Detective,” published in the January issue of the magazine “October” ” for 1986.

Man and the chaos of war Viktor Astafiev’s thoughts about good and evil, about their unpeaceful coexistence in one earthly space, in one society, and sometimes in the soul of one person - these thoughts were refracted in a very unique way in his constant interest in the topic of war. Russian literature about the Great Patriotic War was initially permeated with heroic pathos. Astafiev also treats this time with reverence. But he somewhat shifts the traditional optics in his approach to this topic: for him, the Patriotic War is, first of all, a war, that is, a kind of unnatural state of the world, a concentrated embodiment of chaos, a visual embodiment of those forces and conditions that are contrary to human nature by definition and are only capable of destroy the soul. “Starfall” “The Shepherd and the Shepherdess” “Cursed and Killed” “So I Want to Live” “The Jolly Soldier”

Man and Nature Astafiev’s annual trips to his native places served as the basis for writing a broad prose canvas “The Fish Tsar” (1972 - 75), one of the writer’s most significant works. Here the writer turns to another fundamental principle of human existence - to the connection between “Man and Nature”. Moreover, this connection interests the author in a moral and philosophical aspect: in what Yesenin called “the nodal ovary of man with the natural world,” Astafiev is looking for the key to explaining the moral virtues and moral vices of the individual, the attitude towards nature acts as a “verification” of spiritual consistency personality.

The first collection of stories "Until Next Spring" (Perm, 1953). Astafiev graduated from the Higher Literary Courses (1961). Member of the Writers' Union. The most famous works: "Starodub" (1960), "Theft" (1968), "The Last Bow" (1968), "The Shepherd and the Shepherdess" (1973), "The Fish King" (1977), "The Sad Detective" (1986 ), "The Seeing Staff" (1991) has been translated into many languages. Author of scripts for feature films “Twice Born”, “Starfall”, etc. Astafiev’s work is characterized by in-depth psychologism, acuteness of problems, and high humanism

Museum-Memorial of V. Astafiev In the homeland of Viktor Astafiev - in the village of Ovsyanka near Krasnoyarsk - a monument to the writer was erected. The monument depicts Viktor Petrovich and his wife sitting on a bench in the shade of trees. The bronze sculptural composition by Vladimir Zelenov is life-size and cast at one of the Krasnoyarsk factories. During installation, workers had to try not to break the branches of the apple tree planted by Astafiev himself. On May 1, Krasnoyarsk celebrated the 80th anniversary of Astafiev’s birth. A memorial museum named after him was opened in Ovsyanka, which included the Astafiev Museum, a library, the house of the writer’s grandmother, a chapel and a memorial cemetery where all the relatives and friends of the famous Siberian are buried.

Museum-memorial of V. Astafiev House-museum of the writer. Oatmeal Room of V. P. Astafiev. Oatmeal In 1980 V.P. Astafiev returned to his homeland. It was no coincidence that he chose the house in Ovsyanka: grandmother Ekaterina’s house stood nearby. From May to October, the writer broke away from his family and moved from Krasnoyarsk to Ovsyanka, to his home. To a house where the stove had to be lit, food had to be cooked, and a great many guests had to be received. Before donating the house to the museum, the writer's widow Maria Semonovna carried out routine repairs at her own expense.

V. Astafiev Memorial Museum On September 1, 1975, a library was opened in Ovsyanka. Its permanent leader is Anna Yepiksimovna Kozyntseva. In the early 90s, on the initiative of V.P. Astafiev began construction of a new building for the Ovsyansk library. The building project was developed by the famous Krasnoyarsk architect A.S. Demirkhanov. May 4, 1994, on the 70th anniversary of V.P. Astafiev, the library welcomed its first guests and readers in a new building on the banks of the Yenisei. On August 31, 1999, the library received the status of a library-museum in the village of Ovsyanka. The library's fund is 35 thousand items. hr. The library has become a real spiritual center not only for the residents of Ovsyanka, but also for Siberia and Russia. A lot of famous people visited it: M. Gorbachev, President of the USSR; B. Yeltsin, President of Russia; N. Mikhalkov, A. Solzhenitsyn, A. Lebed and others.

Museum-memorial of V. Astafiev “My Childhood House”, where the writer’s soul invariably rushed. The main book of Viktor Petrovich’s life - “The Last Bow” - is dedicated to this house, “where, as if in a good hut, he collected and carefully resurrected a beautiful page of his childhood, and with it all his relatives, thanks to whom he had a wonderful family even in his orphanhood, a tree a family where he was not a foreign branch.” (V. Kurbatov). Grandma E.P.'s house Potylitsina

V. Astafiev Memorial Museum In 1916, a church was built in Ovsyanka; in the 40s, the building was converted into a bakery, and after the war it was completely dismantled. The initiator of the construction of the chapel was V.P. Astafiev. On September 15, 1998, as part of the 11th “Literary Meetings in the Russian Province,” the chapel was opened and consecrated. The chapel bears the name of St. Innocent of Irkutsk. Bishop Innokenty Kulchitsky (1960-1731), elevated to the rank of Russian saint in 1804, had a great influence on the spiritual life of Eastern Siberia. Graduated from the Kyiv Theological Academy. From 1727 to 1731 he headed the newly organized Irkutsk diocese. It is known that Innokenty of Irkutsk himself was engaged in icon painting; icons were revered as shrines. Innocent Day of Irkutsk (November 26), like Siberia Day (October 26), is one of the outstanding Siberian holidays.

Museum-Memorial of V. Astafiev Rural cemetery, where the grandmother, all relatives, friends, Viktor Petrovich’s mother, Lydia Ilyinichna, lie. The writer was buried next to his daughter Irina.

M.S. Koryakin about her husband Small details have disappeared, routine has gone hastily. And you are incredibly, incredibly sinless. We are powerless before time: What was close has become distant. But the further away you are, the more beautiful, the more inaccessible, the more desirable. I’m overwhelmed by your greatness And I’m surprised every now and then: How did I dare to love such a long time ago? M. Zimina

First bereavement At the age of seven, the boy lost his mother; she drowned in the river, her scythe caught on the base of a boom. V.P. Astafiev will never get used to this loss. He still “can’t believe that mom is not here and never will be.” His grandmother Ekaterina Petrovna becomes the boy’s intercessor and nurse.

Moving to Igarka Victor moves to Igarka with his father and stepmother. The “wild earnings” that the father was counting on did not turn out to be, the relationship with the stepmother did not work out, she pushes the burden of the child off her shoulders. The boy loses his shelter and means of livelihood, wanders, and then ends up in an orphanage. “I began my independent life immediately, without any preparation,” V.P. Astafiev would later write.

Favorite teacher The boarding school teacher, Siberian poet Ignatiy Dmitrievich Rozhdestvensky, notices a penchant for literature in Victor and develops it. An essay about a favorite lake, published in a school magazine, will later develop into the story “Vasyutkino Lake.”

Beginning of working life After graduating from boarding school, the teenager earns his bread at Kureika station. “My childhood remained in the distant Arctic,” V.P. Astafiev would write years later. The child, as grandfather Pavel put it, was not born, not asked for, abandoned by mom and dad, also disappeared somewhere, or rather rolled away from me. A stranger to himself and everyone, a teenager or young man entered the adult working life of wartime.”

Arrival in Krasnoyarsk Having collected money for a ticket, Victor leaves for Krasnoyarsk and enters the Federal Zoo. “I didn’t choose the group and profession in the FZO, they chose me themselves,” the writer will later say. After graduating, he works as a train compiler at the Bazaikha station near Krasnoyarsk.

The path is a front-line path In the fall of 1942, Viktor Astafiev volunteered to join the army, and in the spring of 1943 he went to the front. He is fighting in Bryansk. Voronezh and Steppe fronts, which later united into the First Ukrainian. The front-line biography of soldier Astafiev was awarded the Order of the Red Star, medals “For Courage”, “For Victory over Germany” and “For the Liberation of Poland”. He was seriously wounded several times.

Demobilization and peaceful labor In the fall of 1945, V.P. Astafiev was demobilized from the army and, together with his wife, private Maria Semyonovna Koryakina, came to her homeland in the city of Chusovoy in the western Urals. Due to health reasons, Victor can no longer return to his profession and, in order to feed his family, he works as a mechanic, laborer, loader, carpenter, meat washer, and meat processing plant watchman.

The beginning of literary activity In 1951, having somehow found himself in a literary circle class at the Chusovskoy Rabochiy newspaper, Viktor Petrovich wrote the story “A Civil Man” in one night; subsequently he will call him “Sibiryak”. From 1951 to 1955, Astafiev worked as a literary employee of the Chusovskoy Rabochiy newspaper.

First published works In 1953, his first book of short stories, “Until Next Spring,” was published in Perm, and in 1955, his second, “Ogonki.” These are stories for children. Over the years, he wrote the novel “The Snows Are Melting”, published two more books for children: “Vasyutkino Lake” (1956) and “Uncle Kuzya, Chickens, Fox and Cat” (1957), published essays and stories in the almanac “Prikamye”, a magazine “Smena”, collections “There Were Hunters” and “Signs of the Times”.

High awards In 1975, for the stories “The Pass”, “The Last Bow”, “Theft”, “The Shepherd and the Shepherdess” V.P. Astafiev was awarded the State Prize of the RSFSR named after M. Gorky. In 1978, V. P. Astafiev was awarded the USSR State Prize for his narration in the stories “The Fish Tsar”. In 1989, V.P. Astafiev was awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor. In 1991, the writer was awarded the USSR State Prize for the story “The Seeing Staff”. In 1995, V. P. Astafiev was awarded the State Prize of Russia for the novel “Cursed and Killed.” In 1997, the writer was awarded the International Pushkin Prize, and in 1998 he was awarded the Prize “For the Honor and Dignity of Talent” by the International Literary Fund. At the end of 1998, V.P. Astafiev was awarded the Apollo Grigoriev Prize by the Academy of Russian Modern Literature.

Presentation “Biography of Viktor Petrovich Astafiev” intended to be shown to a wide range of viewers. A literature teacher may include a presentation in her class. The children will be able to independently view its contents and prepare a report for the lesson. Slide shows can also be used in extracurricular activities. Colorfully designed work contributes to better perception and assimilation of the material.

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"Presentation on the topic: "V.P. Astafiev. Biography."

Victor Petrovich Astafiev (1924-2001). Biography. A photo in which I am not.

Novik Nadezhda Grigorievna, teacher of Russian language and literature, State Budgetary Educational Institution JSC “Vychegda SKOSHI”

Ovsyanka – the writer’s native village

Victor Astafiev was born May 1, 1924 in the village of Ovsyanka (Krasnoyarsk Territory) in the family of Lydia Ilyinichna Potylitsina

and Pyotr Pavlovich Astafiev.

House of V.P. Astafiev

Grandmother Ekaterina Petrovna Potylitsyna with her children: Ivan, Dmitry, Maria

Victor was the third child in the family, but his two older sisters died in infancy.

V. Astafiev went to school at the age of eight. In the first grade he studied in his native village of Ovsyanka.

After the death of his mother, Victor lived with her parents - Ekaterina Petrovna and Ilya Evgrafovich Potylitsin.

At the age of eight he lost his mother and ended up in an orphanage. He ran away from there, wandered, starved, stole... His only joy was books.

Viktor Astafiev among the orphanage residents (with a book in his hand).

In 1942 he volunteered for the front.

In the spring of 1943 he was sent to the active army. He was a driver, an artillery reconnaissance officer, and a signalman.

He was seriously wounded several times.

Viktor Petrovich was awarded for the war Order of the Red Star,

medals "For Courage"

"For victory over Germany"

"For the liberation of Poland."

After demobilization in 1945, he went to the Urals to the city of Chusovoy, Perm Region.

There he worked as a mechanic, an auxiliary worker, a teacher, a station attendant, a storekeeper, and a journalist for the Chusovsky Rabochiy newspaper.

Astafiev’s work embodied two of the most important themes of Soviet literature of the 1960–1970s - military and rural.

Today in class I

opened...

felt

found out...

Understood…

thinking...

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